2
|
Borges K, Vasilevska-Ristovska J, Hussain-Shamsy N, Patel V, Banh T, Hebert D, Pearl RJ, Radhakrishnan S, Piscione TD, Licht CPB, Langlois V, Levin L, Strug L, Parekh RS. Parental attitudes to genetic testing differ by ethnicity and immigration in childhood nephrotic syndrome: a cross-sectional study. Can J Kidney Health Dis 2016; 3:16. [PMID: 26998310 PMCID: PMC4797354 DOI: 10.1186/s40697-016-0104-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2015] [Accepted: 01/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Studies in the USA report differences in opinion among parents of different ethnic groups toward genetic testing for their child; however, there are no studies that address this issue in the diverse ethnic and immigrant population in Canada. Objective This study aims to determine whether ethnicity and immigration status influences parental interest in clinical genetic testing for a potentially progressive kidney disease. Design This is a cross-sectional study. Setting Participants were recruited from the Greater Toronto Area, Canada. Participants The study included 320 parents of children ages 1–18 years with nephrotic syndrome enrolled in the Insight into Nephrotic Syndrome: Investigating Genes, Health and Therapeutics (INSIGHT) observational cohort study. Measurements Demographic, ethnicity, immigration, and child specific factors as well as interest in genetic testing were collected through self-reported questionnaires administered at baseline study visit. Methods Logistic regression models were used to examine association of ethnicity and immigration status with interest in genetic testing. Results The majority of parents (85 %) were interested in genetic testing for their child. South Asian and East/Southeast Asian parents had 74 and 76 % lower odds of agreeing to genetic testing when compared to Europeans (odds ratio (OR) 0.26, 95 % confidence interval (CI) 0.10–0.68; OR 0.24, 95 % CI 0.07–0.79, respectively) after controlling for age and sex of child, age and education level of parent, initial steroid resistance, and duration of time in Canada. Immigrants to Canada also had significantly lower odds (OR 0.29, 95 % CI 0.12–0.72) of agreeing to genetic testing after similar adjustment. Higher education level was not associated with greater interest in genetic testing (OR 1.24, 95 % CI 0.64–2.42). Limitations Participants have already agreed to aggregate genetic testing for research purposes as part of enrolment in INSIGHT study. Conclusion While majority of parents were interested in genetic testing for their child, immigrants, particularly South Asians and East/Southeast Asians, were more likely to decline genetic testing. Genetic counseling needs to be tailored to address specific concerns in these parental groups to maximize informed decision-making in the clinical setting. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01605266
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karlota Borges
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | | | - Neesha Hussain-Shamsy
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Viral Patel
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Tonny Banh
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Diane Hebert
- Division of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8 Canada ; University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rachel J Pearl
- Division of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8 Canada ; University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Seetha Radhakrishnan
- Division of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8 Canada
| | - Tino D Piscione
- Division of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8 Canada ; University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Christoph P B Licht
- Division of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8 Canada ; University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Valerie Langlois
- Division of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8 Canada ; University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Leo Levin
- Division of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8 Canada
| | - Lisa Strug
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada ; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - Rulan S Parekh
- Child Health Evaluative Sciences, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada ; Division of Nephrology, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5G 1X8 Canada ; University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada ; Dalla Lana School of Public Health, Toronto, Canada
| |
Collapse
|