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Liu Y, Xing Z, Jia S, Shi X, Chen Z, Jiang Z. Research Progress in Special Engineering Plastic-Based Electrochromic Polymers. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 17:73. [PMID: 38203927 PMCID: PMC10780189 DOI: 10.3390/ma17010073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
SPECPs are electrochromic polymers that contain special engineering plastic structural characteristic groups (SPECPs). Due to their high thermal stability, mechanical properties, and weather resistance, they are also known as high-performance electrochromic polymer (HPEP or HPP). Meanwhile, due to the structural characteristics of their long polymer chains, these materials have natural advantages in the application of flexible electrochromic devices. According to the structure of special engineering plastic groups, SPECPs are divided into five categories: polyamide, polyimide, polyamide imide, polyarylsulfone, and polyarylketone. This article mainly introduces the latest research on SPECPs. The structural design, electrochromic properties, and applications of these materials are also introduced in this article, and the challenges and future development trends of SPECPs are prospected.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Zheng Chen
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymers, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Xiuzheng Road 1788, Changchun 130012, China; (Y.L.); (Z.X.); (S.J.); (X.S.)
| | - Zhenhua Jiang
- Key Laboratory of High-Performance Plastics (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, National & Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Synthesis Technology of High Performance Polymers, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Xiuzheng Road 1788, Changchun 130012, China; (Y.L.); (Z.X.); (S.J.); (X.S.)
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Khaki D, Amininasab SM, Namazi H. Polyamidation of new diamine monomers containing bulky pendant groups based on imidazole ring and fabrication of polyamide/
modified‐SiO
2
composite: Properties and applications. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Diyari Khaki
- Research Laboratory of Dendrimers and Nanopolymers, Faculty of Chemistry University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran
| | - S. Mojtaba Amininasab
- Polymer Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science University of Kurdistan Sanandaj Iran
| | - Hassan Namazi
- Research Laboratory of Dendrimers and Nanopolymers, Faculty of Chemistry University of Tabriz Tabriz Iran
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology (RCPN) Tabriz University of Medical Science Tabriz Iran
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Synthesis and characteristics of novel TPA-containing electrochromic poly(ether sulfone)s with dimethylamino substituents. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.137552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Li R, Xu H, Zhang Y, Chang L, Ma Y, Hou Y, Miao S, Wang C. Electrochromic properties of pyrene conductive polymers modified by chemical polymerization. RSC Adv 2021; 11:39291-39305. [PMID: 35492490 PMCID: PMC9044429 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra07977h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Pyrene is composed of four benzene rings and has a unique planar melting ring structure. Pyrene is the smallest condensed polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, and its unique structural properties have been extensively studied. Pyrene has excellent properties such as thermal stability, high fluorescence quantum efficiency and high carrier mobility. This paper mainly used thiophene, EDOT and triphenylamine groups to enhance the pyrene based π-conjugated system and control the molecular accumulation of organic semiconductors, and improve their charge transport performances. Five kinds of polymer were synthesized and correspondingly characterized. The five kinds of pyrene conductive polymer had outstanding properties in terms of solubility, fluorescence intensity and thermal stability, good film-forming properties, stable electrochromic properties and high coloring efficiency. The coloration efficiency (CE) of PPYTP was as high as 277 cm2 C−1, and the switching response time was short. The coloring time of PPYEDOT was 1.3 s and the bleaching time was 3.2 s. The lower impedance will also provide the possibility of such polymers being incorporated into electrochromic devices in the future. In short, the synthesized new pyrene conductive polymers will have wide application prospects in the field of electrochromic materials. Pyrene is composed of four benzene rings and has a unique planar melting ring structure.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process and Technology for High-Efficiency Conversion College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, PR China
| | - Haoran Xu
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process and Technology for High-Efficiency Conversion College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, PR China
| | - Yuhang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process and Technology for High-Efficiency Conversion College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, PR China
| | - Lijing Chang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process and Technology for High-Efficiency Conversion College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, PR China
| | - Yang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process and Technology for High-Efficiency Conversion College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, PR China
| | - Yanjun Hou
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering Process and Technology for High-Efficiency Conversion College of Heilongjiang Province & School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, PR China
| | - Shoulei Miao
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, PR China
| | - Cheng Wang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Heilongjiang University, Harbin, 150080, PR China
- South China Advanced Institute for Soft Matter Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, 510641, China
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Khaki D, Namazi H, Amininasab SM. Synthesis and identification of new thermostable polyamides containing xanthene units with antibacterial properties and relevant composite grafted with modified GO nanoparticles. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2020.104780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Yen HJ, Liou GS. Design and preparation of triphenylamine-based polymeric materials towards emergent optoelectronic applications. Prog Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2018.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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7
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Lu Q, Cai W, Zhang X, Yang C, Ge H, Chen Y, Niu H, Wang W. Multifunctional polymers for electrochromic, memory device, explosive detection and photodetector: Donor-acceptor conjugated isoindigo derivatives with strong fluorescence. Eur Polym J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2018.08.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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8
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Koyuncu S, Koyuncu FB. A new ITO-compatible side chain-functionalized multielectrochromic polymer for use in adaptive camouflage-like electrochromic devices. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2018.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Yen HJ, Liou GS. Recent advances in triphenylamine-based electrochromic derivatives and polymers. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8py00367j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Triphenylamine-containing electrochromic materials with great potential applications in low energy-consumption displays, light-adapting mirrors in vehicles, and smart windows have experienced an exponential growth of research interests. In this review, the newly developed triphenylamine-based derivatives and polymers are reviewed and elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Ju Yen
- Institute of Chemistry
- Academia Sinica
- Nankang
- Taiwan
| | - Guey-Sheng Liou
- Institute of Polymer Science and Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei 10617
- Taiwan
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Hsiao SH, Lu HY. Electrosynthesis of Aromatic Poly(amide-amine) Films from Triphenylamine-Based Electroactive Compounds for Electrochromic Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:E708. [PMID: 30966007 PMCID: PMC6418588 DOI: 10.3390/polym9120708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 12/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Two electropolymerizable monomers with a methoxytriphenylamine core linked via amide groups to two triphenylamine (TPA) or N-phenylcarbazole (NPC) terminal groups, namely 4,4'-bis(4-diphenylaminobenzamido)-4''-methoxytriphenylamine (MeOTPA-(TPA)₂) and 4,4'-bis(4-(carbazol-9-yl)benzamido)-4''-methoxytriphenylamine (MeOTPA-(NPC)₂), were synthesized and characterized by FTIR and ¹H NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and cyclic voltammetry. The electrochemical polymerization reactions of these MeOTPA-cored monomers over indium tin oxide (ITO) electrode allow the generation of electroactive poly(amide-amine) films. The electro-generated polymer films exhibited reversible redox processes and multi-colored electrochromic behaviors upon electro-oxidation, together with moderate coloration efficiency and cycling stability. The optical density changes (ΔOD) were observed in the range of 0.18⁻0.68 at specific absorption maxima, with the calculated coloration efficiencies of 42⁻123 cm²/C. Single-layer electrochromic devices using the electrodeposited polymer films as active layers were fabricated for the preliminary investigation of their electrochromic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Huei Hsiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Sec. 3, Chunghsiao East Rd., Taipei 10608, Taiwan.
| | - Hsing-Yi Lu
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, No. 1, Sec. 3, Chunghsiao East Rd., Taipei 10608, Taiwan.
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Synthesis and Electrochromism of Highly Organosoluble Polyamides and Polyimides with Bulky Trityl-Substituted Triphenylamine Units. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9100511. [PMID: 30965815 PMCID: PMC6419009 DOI: 10.3390/polym9100511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 10/07/2017] [Accepted: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Two series of polyamides and polyimides containing bulky trityl-substituted triphenylamine units were synthesized from condensation reactions of 4,4′-diamino-4′′-trityltriphenylamine with various dicarboxylic acids and tetracarboxylic dianhydrides, respectively. The polymers showed good solubility and film-forming ability. Flexible or robust films could be readily obtained via solution-casting. The use of aliphatic diacid or dianhydride reduces interchain charge transfer complexing and leads to colorless polyamide and polyimide films. These polymers showed glass-transition temperatures in the range of 206–336 °C. Cyclic voltammograms of the polyamide and polyimide films displayed reversible electrochemical oxidation processes in the range of 0–1.0 or 0–1.3 V. Upon oxidation, the color of polymer films changes from colorless to blue-green or blue. As compared to the polyimide counterparts, the polyamides showed lower oxidation potentials and thus a higher electrochromic stability and coloration efficiency. Simple electrochromic devices were also fabricated as a preliminary investigation for electrochromic applications of the prepared polymers.
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Reglero Ruiz JA, Trigo-López M, García FC, García JM. Functional Aromatic Polyamides. Polymers (Basel) 2017; 9:polym9090414. [PMID: 30965723 PMCID: PMC6419023 DOI: 10.3390/polym9090414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2017] [Revised: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 09/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We describe herein the state of the art following the last 8 years of research into aromatic polyamides, wholly aromatic polyamides or aramids. These polymers belong to the family of high performance materials because of their exceptional thermal and mechanical behavior. Commercially, they have been transformed into fibers mainly for production of advanced composites, paper, and cut and fire protective garments. Huge research efforts have been carried out to take advantage of the mentioned characteristics in advanced fields related to transport applications, optically active materials, electroactive materials, smart materials, or materials with even better mechanical and thermal behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- José A Reglero Ruiz
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza de Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Miriam Trigo-López
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza de Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - Félix C García
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza de Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
| | - José M García
- Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Burgos, Plaza de Misael Bañuelos s/n, 09001 Burgos, Spain.
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