Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and its Components in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome

Dietary Patterns and Their Association with Metabolic Syndrome and Their Components in Middle-Class Adults from Damascus, Syria: A Cross-Sectional Study

Prior to the 2016 crisis in Syria, a study conducted in Aleppo found the prevalence of metabolic syndrome to be 39.6%, which is known to be favoured by age and poor lifestyle (including physical inactivity and the consumption of hypercaloric foods, rich in saturated fats, concentrated carbohydrates, and salt), so the objective of this study was to identify the association of different dietary patterns with metabolic syndrome and their components. A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out in 104 adults aged 40 to 65 years who did not suffer from previous diseases. The sample was chosen from middle-class citizens of the city of Damascus who were contacted by telephone; they were explained about the study, the information that would be collected, and the studies that should be carried out in the clinical analysis laboratory of the Private University of Syria. A nutritional and food study was carried out using previously validated forms containing 62 items in which the food intake of the participants was studied. We apply principal component analysis and factor analysis to detect nutritional components and dietary patterns. Dietary pattern 3 (foods with simple carbohydrates and saturated fat) increased glucose levels, while dietary patterns 1 (high intake of calories, protein, and saturated fat) and 5 (fast food) increased serum triglyceride levels. In addition, pattern 1 (carbonated beverages, grains, chicken, and meat) was associated with elevated LDL cholesterol levels and the presence of the metabolic syndrome. The study findings suggest that the presence of metabolic syndrome and its components are associated with dietary patterns high in calories, protein, simple carbohydrates, and saturated fat.

Association of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease and Coronary Artery Disease with FADS2 rs3834458 Gene Polymorphism in the Chinese Han Population

Background

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) patients are often prone to coronary artery disease (CAD), and CAD is found to be the main cause of death in NAFLD patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) rs3834458 polymorphism and serum FADS2 level with NAFLD and CAD in Chinese Han population.

Materials and Methods

The serum level of FADS2 was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in healthy people, NAFLD patients, and NAFLD patients combined with CAD (NAFLD+CAD). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect the genotypes of FADS2 rs3834458 in the three groups.

Results

Body mass index (BMI), glucose (GLU), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) of the NAFLD group and the NAFLD+CAD group were higher than those of the healthy control group (P < 0.05); the HDL-C of the NAFLD+CAD group was significantly lower than that of the healthy people and the NAFLD group (P < 0.05). The serum FADS2 concentration in the NAFLD+CAD group was significantly higher than that in the NAFLD group (P < 0.05) and the healthy people (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in genotype distribution (χ² = 5.347, P < 0.497) and allele frequency (χ² = 3.322, P = 0.345) between the three groups. Logistic regression analysis showed that the T allele was not an independent risk factor for CAD with NAFLD (OR = 1.62, 95% CI: 0.422-6.180).

Conclusions

Serum FADS2 concentration was positively correlated with the susceptibility of NAFLD with CAD, while the polymorphism of rs3834458 was not associated with NAFLD with CAD.

Appropriate anthropometric indices of obesity and overweight for diagnosis of metabolic syndrome and its relationship with oxidative stress

AIMS

this study aimed to determine the most appropriate anthropometric indices for diagnosis of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its relationship with oxidative stress markers.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

This cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015 on 108 employees working in Shahroud University of Medical Sciences. Demographics, anthropometric indices (BMI: Body mass index; WC: Waist circumference, WHR: Waist hip ratio, WHtR: Waist-to-height Ratio), Mets: and Then oxidative stress markers (total antioxidant capacity; TAC, Malondialdehyde; MDA, serum superoxide dismutase; SOD, catalase; Cat) were measured. All analyses were performed at a significant level of 0.05, using the SPSS Statistics 21 and Stata 12 software.

RESULT

The mean age of the participants was 41.4±7.8years. the mean values of different anthropometric indices in patients with metabolic syndrome were higher than those in subjects without MetS and this difference was significant. According to ROC curve the best marker for diagnosis of Mets was WHtR (Waist-to-height Ratio) and its cut off point was 0.54.Also, there was a positive correlation between WHtR and MDA serum levels. In addition, there was a negative correlation between WHtR and the levels of TAC, SOD, and CAT but it was not significant.

CONCLUSIONS

It seems that WHtR can be a valuable marker for predicting metabolic disorders and related diseases; moreover, it can be used for evaluation of oxidative stress level. Finally, the formula WC=height×0.54 as a simple tool for prevention of metabolic diseases can be used in university personnel.

Association between serum uric acid (SUA) levels and metabolic syndrome (MetS) components in personnel of Shahroud University of Medical Sciences

AIMS

Serum uric acid level has been suggested to be associated with metabolic syndrome risk factors. However, the association between metabolic syndrome and serum uric acid is still controversial and challenging. This study was aimed to investigate the association between serum uric acid levels and metabolic syndrome components in personnel of the Shahroud University of Medical Sciences.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

This case-control study was conducted on 499 personnel aged 30-60 years old who were working in Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, in 2015. MetS was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) criteria. The relationship between serum UA level and the number of metabolic components was determined by linear regression analysis.

RESULT

In this study, the mean concentration of serum uric acid in men with the syndrome was higher than that in women. Mean serum UA level increased as the number of metabolic factors increased. The mean serum uric acid levels was 4.98±1.64 in patients with metabolic syndrome and 4.5±1.28 in non-patients (p=0.005). Subject with abnormal uric acid were almost 2.62 times more likely than other subject to develop the syndrome.

CONCLUSIONS

The results of this study showed that only hypertriglyceridemia is a component which increases the risk of hyperuricemia. In addition, hyperuricemia increases the risk of metabolic syndrome by more than two fold. It seems that high uric acid can be considered as a predisposing factor for metabolic syndrome; thus, it is recommended to measure serum uric acid in routine tests.