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Navas-Acien A, Domingo-Relloso A, Subedi P, Riffo-Campos AL, Xia R, Gomez L, Haack K, Goldsmith J, Howard BV, Best LG, Devereux R, Tauqeer A, Zhang Y, Fretts AM, Pichler G, Levy D, Vasan RS, Baccarelli AA, Herreros-Martinez M, Tang WY, Bressler J, Fornage M, Umans JG, Tellez-Plaza M, Fallin MD, Zhao J, Cole SA. Blood DNA Methylation and Incident Coronary Heart Disease: Evidence From the Strong Heart Study. JAMA Cardiol 2021; 6:1237-1246. [PMID: 34347013 DOI: 10.1001/jamacardio.2021.2704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Importance American Indian communities experience a high burden of coronary heart disease (CHD). Strategies are needed to identify individuals at risk and implement preventive interventions. Objective To investigate the association of blood DNA methylation (DNAm) with incident CHD using a large number of methylation sites (cytosine-phosphate-guanine [CpG]) in a single model. Design, Setting, and Participants This prospective study, including a discovery cohort (the Strong Heart Study [SHS]) and 4 additional cohorts (the Women's Health Initiative [WHI], the Framingham Heart Study [FHS], the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study ([ARIC]-Black, and ARIC-White), evaluated 12 American Indian communities in 4 US states; African American women, Hispanic women, and White women throughout the US; White men and White women from Massachusetts; and Black men and women and White men and women from 4 US communities. A total of 2321 men and women (mean [SD] follow-up, 19.1 [9.2] years) were included in the SHS, 1874 women (mean [SD] follow-up, 15.8 [5.9] years) in the WHI, 2128 men and women (mean [SD] follow-up, 7.7 [1.8] years) in the FHS, 2114 men and women (mean [SD] follow-up, 20.9 [7.2] years) in the ARIC-Black, and 931 men and women (mean [SD] follow-up, 20.9 [7.2] years) in the ARIC-White. Data were collected from May 1989 to December 2018 and analyzed from February 2019 to May 2021. Exposure Blood DNA methylation. Main Outcome and Measure Using a high-dimensional time-to-event elastic-net model for the association of 407 224 CpG sites with incident CHD in the SHS (749 events), this study selected the differentially methylated CpG positions (DMPs) selected in the SHS and evaluated them in the WHI (531 events), FHS (143 events), ARIC-Black (350 events), and ARIC-White (121 events) cohorts. Results The median (IQR) age of participants in SHS was 55 (49-62) years, and 1359 participants (58.6%) were women. Elastic-net models selected 505 DMPs associated with incident CHD in the SHS beyond established risk factors, center, blood cell counts, and genetic principal components. Among those DMPs, 33 were commonly selected in 3 or 4 of the other cohorts and the pooled hazard ratios from the standard Cox models were significant at P < .05 for 10 of the DMPs. For example, the hazard ratio (95% CI) for CHD comparing the 90th and 10th percentiles of differentially methylated CpGs was 0.86 (0.78-0.95) for cg16604233 (tagged to COL11A2) and 1.23 (1.08-1.39) for cg09926486 (tagged to FRMD5). Some of the DMPs were consistent in the direction of the association; others showed associations in opposite directions across cohorts. Untargeted independent elastic-net models of CHD showed distinct DMPs, genes, and network of genes in the 5 cohorts. Conclusions and Relevance In this multi-cohort study, blood-based DNAm findings supported an association between a complex blood epigenomic signature and CHD that was largely different across populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Navas-Acien
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York
| | - Arce Domingo-Relloso
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York.,Department of Chronic Diseases Epidemiology, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Statistics and Operations Research, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pooja Subedi
- College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville
| | | | - Rui Xia
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston
| | - Lizbeth Gomez
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York
| | - Karin Haack
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio
| | - Jeff Goldsmith
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York
| | | | - Lyle G Best
- Missouri Breaks Industries Research Inc, Eagle Butte, South Dakota
| | | | - Ali Tauqeer
- Center for American Indian Health Research, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City
| | - Ying Zhang
- Center for American Indian Health Research, Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, The University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City
| | - Amanda M Fretts
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle
| | - Gernot Pichler
- Department of Cardiology, Heart Center Clinic Floridsdorf, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniel Levy
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts.,Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology and Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Ramachandran S Vasan
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute's and Boston University's Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, Massachusetts.,Section of Preventive Medicine and Epidemiology and Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Andrea A Baccarelli
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York
| | | | - Wan-Yee Tang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
| | - Jan Bressler
- Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston
| | - Myriam Fornage
- Brown Foundation Institute of Molecular Medicine, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston.,Human Genetics Center, Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics and Environmental Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston
| | - Jason G Umans
- Department of Biostatistics, Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, New York.,Georgetown-Howard Universities Center for Clinical and Translational Science, Washington, DC
| | - Maria Tellez-Plaza
- Department of Chronic Diseases Epidemiology, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Health Institute, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Daniele Fallin
- Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland.,Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland
| | - Jinying Zhao
- College of Public Health and Health Professions and College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville
| | - Shelley A Cole
- Population Health Program, Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio
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Zamarrón-Licona E, Rodríguez-Pérez JM, Posadas-Sánchez R, Vargas-Alarcón G, Baños-González MA, Borgonio-Cuadra VM, Pérez-Hernández N. Variants of PCSK9 Gene Are Associated with Subclinical Atherosclerosis and Cardiometabolic Parameters in Mexicans. The GEA Project. Diagnostics (Basel) 2021; 11:diagnostics11050774. [PMID: 33925815 PMCID: PMC8145882 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics11050774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Coronary artery disease (CAD) is a chronic, inflammatory, and complex disease associated with vascular risk factors. Nowadays, the coronary artery calcium (CAC) is a specific marker of the presence and extent of atherosclerosis. Additionally, CAC is a predictor of future coronary events in asymptomatic individuals diagnosed with subclinical atherosclerosis (CAC > 0). In this study, our aim is to evaluate the participation of two polymorphisms of the PCSK9 gene as genetic markers for developing subclinical atherosclerosis and cardiometabolic risk factors in asymptomatic individuals. Methods: We analyzed two PCSK9 polymorphisms (rs2479409 and rs615563) in 394 individuals with subclinical atherosclerosis and 1102 healthy controls using real time- polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results: Under various inheritance models adjusted for different confounding factors, the rs2479409 polymorphism was associated with an increased risk of developing subclinical atherosclerosis (OR = 1.53, P recessive = 0.041). Both polymorphisms were significantly associated with several cardiometabolic parameters. Conclusions: Our data suggest that rs2479409 polymorphism could be envisaged as a risk marker for subclinical atherosclerosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erasmo Zamarrón-Licona
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico; (E.Z.-L.); (J.M.R.-P.); (G.V.-A.)
| | - José Manuel Rodríguez-Pérez
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico; (E.Z.-L.); (J.M.R.-P.); (G.V.-A.)
| | - Rosalinda Posadas-Sánchez
- Departamento de Endocrinología, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico;
| | - Gilberto Vargas-Alarcón
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico; (E.Z.-L.); (J.M.R.-P.); (G.V.-A.)
| | - Manuel Alfonso Baños-González
- Centro de Investigación y Posgrado, División Académica de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Villahermosa 86150, Mexico;
| | | | - Nonanzit Pérez-Hernández
- Departamento de Biología Molecular, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Ciudad de México 14080, Mexico; (E.Z.-L.); (J.M.R.-P.); (G.V.-A.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +52-55-55732911 (ext. 26301)
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