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Metro D, Buda M, Manasseri L, Corallo F, Cardile D, Lo Buono V, Quartarone A, Bonanno L. Role of Nutrition in the Etiopathogenesis and Prevention of Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD) in a Group of Obese Adults. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:medicina59030638. [PMID: 36984639 PMCID: PMC10055888 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59030638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is liver damage characterized by an accumulation of triglycerides in hepatocytes of >5% (due to an alteration of the balance of the lipid metabolism in favour of lipogenesis compared to lipolysis) that is not induced by the consumption of alcohol. The pathology includes simple steatosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, or NASH (steatosis associated with microinflammatory activities), which can evolve in 15% of subjects with hepatic fibrosis to cirrhosis and the development of hepatocellular carcinoma. The aim of this study is to report the role of macro- and micronutrients in the pathogenesis and prevention of NAFLD in obese subjects. A total of 22 obese or overweight patients with hepatic steatosis were monitored periodically, evaluating their eating habits, fasting glycaemia, lipid picture, liver enzymes, anthropometric parameters, nutrition status, liver ultrasound, oxidative stress, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet. A statistical analysis shows a significant positive relationship between total cholesterol and the Mediterranean adequacy index (MAI) (r = -0.57; p = 0.005) and a significant negative relationship between ALT transaminases and the MAI (r = -0.56; p = 0.007). Nutrition and diet are important factors in the pathogenesis and prevention of NAFLD. The dietary model, based on the canons of the Mediterranean diet, prevents and reduces the accumulation of fat in hepatocytes. Therefore, in agreement with other studies in the literature, we can state that a dietary model characterized by foods rich in fibre, carotenoids, polyphenols, ω3 fatty acids, folic acid, and numerous other molecules is inversely correlated with the serum levels of ALT transaminases, an enzyme whose level increases when the liver is damaged and before the most obvious symptoms of organ damage appear.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Metro
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Martina Buda
- Department Oncological D.A.I., UOC of General Surgery-Oncology, 98125 Messina, Italy
| | - Luigi Manasseri
- Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences and Morphofunctional Imaging, University of Messina, 98122 Messina, Italy
| | - Francesco Corallo
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113 Via Palermo, C. da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Davide Cardile
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113 Via Palermo, C. da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Viviana Lo Buono
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113 Via Palermo, C. da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Angelo Quartarone
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113 Via Palermo, C. da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
| | - Lilla Bonanno
- IRCCS Centro Neurolesi Bonino-Pulejo, S.S. 113 Via Palermo, C. da Casazza, 98124 Messina, Italy
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HDL and Kidney Diseases. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2022; 1377:163-170. [PMID: 35575929 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-19-1592-5_13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Serum lipid profiles, as well as HDL can be altered in patients with kidney diseases. There are various types of kidney diseases, including nephrotic syndrome and chronic kidney disease. In patients with nephrotic syndrome, plasma levels of HDL cholesterol and ApoA-I were within or below the normal limits. The HDL cholesterol: total cholesterol ratio decreased compared to healthy individuals. In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), reverse cholesterol transport function of HDL is impaired, and CKD also affects the composition and function of HDL. Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the severe complication of CKD. Furthermore, HDL might also be a potential target for the prevention of cardiovascular complications associated with CKD.
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Zhang X, Chelliappan B, S R, Antonysamy M. Recent Advances in Applications of Bioactive Egg Compounds in Nonfood Sectors. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 9:738993. [PMID: 34976961 PMCID: PMC8716877 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.738993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Egg, a highly nutritious food, contains high-quality proteins, vitamins, and minerals. This food has been reported for its potential pharmacological properties, including antibacterial, anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory, angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibition, immunomodulatory effects, and use in tissue engineering applications. The significance of eggs and their components in disease prevention and treatment is worth more attention. Eggs not only have been known as a "functional food" to combat diseases and facilitate the promotion of optimal health, but also have numerous industrial applications. The current review focuses on different perceptions and non-food applications of eggs, including cosmetics. The versatility of eggs from an industrial perspective makes them a potential candidate for further exploration of several novel components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zhang
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China.,Centre of Molecular and Environmental Biology, University of Minho, Department of Biology, Braga, Portugal.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada
| | - Brindha Chelliappan
- Chinese-German Joint Laboratory for Natural Product Research, College of Biological Science and Engineering, Shaanxi University of Technology, Hanzhong, China.,Department of Microbiology, PSG College of Arts & Science, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Rajeswari S
- Department of Microbiology, PSG College of Arts & Science, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
| | - Michael Antonysamy
- Department of Microbiology, PSG College of Arts & Science, Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India
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Vázquez CMP, Costa JO, Bomfim LGS, Pires LV, da Silva DG, Fukutani KF, de Jesus AR, de Jesus Silva N, de Jesus Santana G, de Moura TR, Barbosa K. Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) and Triggering Receptor-Expressed Myeloid Cell (TREM-1) Levels Are Associated with Cardiometabolic Risk in Nonobese, Clinically Healthy, and Young Adults. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:7306867. [PMID: 30944697 PMCID: PMC6421781 DOI: 10.1155/2019/7306867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative and inflammatory substances play an important role in the genesis of processes related to cardiometabolic risk. High levels of oxidized low-density lipoprotein (Ox-LDL) and of triggering receptor-expressed myeloid cells (TREM-1) are associated with cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases. In this study, we evaluate the association of the plasma concentrations of Ox-LDL and serum levels of circulating TREM-1 (sTREM-1) with the components of cardiometabolic risk (CMR) and other associated risk parameters. Although the individuals in this study were young, nonobese, and did not have signs, symptoms, and diagnosis of diseases, they already presented components of CMR. Ox-LDL lipid fraction correlated positively with CMR-related markers: body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), body fat percentage, total cholesterol, LDL-c, VLDL-c, triglycerides, atherogenic cholesterol, and atherogenic index. Among these parameters, atherogenic cholesterol had a greater predictive effect for Ox-LDL alterations. Individuals with higher serum concentrations of sTREM-1 presented higher values for BMI, WC, triglycerides, VLDL-c, and atherogenic cholesterol. WC showed an effect on the association between the sTREM-1's inflammatory response and the components of CMR. The association of oxidative and inflammatory markers with anthropometric parameters and atherogenic cholesterol in nonobese, clinically healthy, and young individuals suggests the importance of early evaluation of these markers in order to prevent future cardiac events.
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Li F, Zheng X, Bao Y, Chen T, Zeng J, Xu X, Yan C, Feng L. Fenofibrate modified-release pellets with lag phase and high oral bioavailability. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2018; 13:141-151. [PMID: 30613135 PMCID: PMC6307495 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s179266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Purpose Fenofibrate and statin combination therapy is highly recommended by the current clinical guidelines for treatment of mixed dyslipidemia. In this study, an innovative delayed-release preparation of fenofibrate was designed to reduce the risk of muscle toxicity, caused by simultaneous administration of this combination therapy, by altering the pharmacokinetic profile of fenofibrate, as well as to improve the oral bioavailability of the modified-release formulation. Methods Micronized fenofibrate was used to prepare drug-loaded cores via a powder layering process before multiparticulate pellet coating. Different coating formulations (Eudragit® RS PO/E100, Eudragit® RS PO/RL PO, Eudragit® NE30D/HPMC, and EC/HPMC) were screened, and their in vitro release was compared with the commercial sustained-release pellets Lipilfen®. Two optimized formulations were evaluated in beagle dogs using two commercial preparations of fenofibrate (the immediate-release preparation Lipanthyl® and the sustained-release pellets Lipilfen®) as references. Results The in vivo release of fenofibrate from R1 and R2 selected from in vitro tests exhibited a lag phase, and then rapid and complete drug release. The relative bioavailabilities of R1 and R2 were 100.4% and 201.1%, respectively, which were higher than that of Lipilfen® (67.2%). Conclusion The modified fenofibrate pellets developed showed enhanced bioavailability and delayed-release properties. They have the potential to improve safety and compliance when co-administrated with statins. This is the first report of a delayed-release fenofibrate preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Fudan University, and Shanghai Engineer and Technology Research Center of Reproductive Health Drug and Devices, Shanghai, China,
| | - Xin Zheng
- Harro Hoefliger Shanghai Representative Office, Shanghai, China
| | - YongChu Bao
- Zhitong Laboratories Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Zhitong Laboratories Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Jia Zeng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Fudan University, and Shanghai Engineer and Technology Research Center of Reproductive Health Drug and Devices, Shanghai, China,
| | - XiaoLi Xu
- Traditional Chinese Medicine Testing Department, Chongqing Institute for Food and Drug Control, Chongqing, China
| | - Chao Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - LingLin Feng
- NHC Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation (Shanghai Institute of Planned Parenthood Research), Fudan University, and Shanghai Engineer and Technology Research Center of Reproductive Health Drug and Devices, Shanghai, China,
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Rodríguez-Blanco R, Álvarez-García M, Villalibre-Calderón C, Piña-Ferreras LD, Junquera-Alonso S, Alonso-Lorenzo JC. [Updated report on STOPP-START criteria in Primary Care]. Semergen 2018; 45:180-186. [PMID: 30545673 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2018.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 05/06/2018] [Accepted: 06/05/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of this study is to determine the rate of potentially inappropriate prescriptions (PIP) in people older than 64 years of age in Avilés, Asturias, Spain. MATERIALS AND METHODS A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in six Health Care Centres. A sample of 400 people was selected, obtained by a random sampling proportional to the population registered in each Health Centre. A review was made of the computerised clinical records, and the STOPP-START (version 2014 with 114 items) criteria were applied to evaluate the PIP. RESULTS The study contained 378 (95.5%) patients with a mean age of 75.4 (SD: 7.4) and of which 57.7% were women. Almost all (94.2%: 95% CI; 91.7-96.7) met some PIP criteria. Taking only the STOPP criteria into consideration, 52.4% (95%CI: 47.2-57.6) met at least one breach, and in the START criteria a 90.5% (95%CI; 87.4-93.6), which was reduced to 40.5% (95%CI; 36.4-45.6) if criteria on vaccination were removed. In the STOPP criteria, the most frequent PIP was taking benzodiazepines followed by the use of medication without indications based on the evidence; in the START, the criteria was the anti-pneumococcus vaccination, and the lack of taking vitamin D supplements and calcium in osteoporosis. CONCLUSIONS There were high levels of PIP, very superior to the previous version, especially for the START criteria. There is a high level of PIP related to the use of benzodiazepines and the use of medication without any clinic evidence. The STOPP-START criteria are useful in Primary Care to assess the PIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Rodríguez-Blanco
- Centro de Salud de Sabugo, Área Sanitaria III. SESPA, Avilés, Asturias, España.
| | - M Álvarez-García
- Centro de Salud Las Vegas, Corvera, Área Sanitaria III, SESPA, Avilés,Asturias, España
| | | | - L D Piña-Ferreras
- Centro de Salud de La Magdalena, Área Sanitaria III, SESPA, Avilés,Asturias, España
| | - S Junquera-Alonso
- Centro de Salud de La Magdalena, Área Sanitaria III, SESPA, Avilés,Asturias, España
| | - J C Alonso-Lorenzo
- Unidad de Salud Pública, Gerencia del Área Sanitaria IV, SESPA, Oviedo, Asturias, España
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Cui X, Fu Z, Wang M, Nan X, Zhang B. Pitavastatin treatment induces neuroprotection through the BDNF-TrkB signalling pathway in cultured cerebral neurons after oxygen-glucose deprivation. Neurol Res 2018; 40:391-397. [PMID: 29544396 DOI: 10.1080/01616412.2018.1447318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Along with their lipid-lowering effect, statins have been reported to have neuroprotective function in both in vivo and in vitro models of neurodegenerative diseases. We conducted this study in order to uncover the he neuroprotective effect of the lipophilic statin pitavastatin (PTV) and investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms using primary cultured cerebral neurons exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). METHODS The primary cultured cerebral neurons were randomly assigned into four groups: the control group, the pitavastatin treatment group, the OGD group and the OGD + pitavastatin treatment group. The pitavastatin's concentration were set as follows: 1μM, 15μM, 30μM. After 3 hours OGD treatment, we use MTT method to assessment cell viability, immunofluorescence to observe neuron morphology and western blot method analysis the BDNF, TrkB. RESULTS PTV at concentrations of 1 μM and 15 μM elevated the survival rate of cortical neurons exposed to OGD, whereas 30 μM PTV did not show such an effect. Moreover, PTV promoted neuronal dendrite growth at concentrations of 1 μM and 15 μM. Increased expression levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) were observed in both of the following two scenarios: when neurons were treated with PTV for 48 hours and when PTV was added after the OGD procedure. CONCLUSION Pitavastatin treatment induces neuroprotection in cultured cerebral neurons after oxygen-glucose deprivation this neuroprotection induced by PTV involves the BDNF-TrkB signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Cui
- a Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Zhenqiang Fu
- a Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Menghan Wang
- a Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Xiaofei Nan
- c School of Information and Engineering , Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
| | - Boai Zhang
- a Department of Neurology , The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China.,b Institute of Clinical Medical Research , The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University , Zhengzhou , China
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Mayyas F, Baydoun D, Ibdah R, Ibrahim K. Atorvastatin Reduces Plasma Inflammatory and Oxidant Biomarkers in Patients With Risk of Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol Ther 2018; 23:216-225. [PMID: 29343081 DOI: 10.1177/1074248417753677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oxidative stress and inflammation are associated with endothelial injury and coronary artery disease. Inflammatory factors that promote oxidative damage include endothelin-1 (ET-1), myeloperoxidase (MPO), and C-reactive protein (CRP). Current guidelines recommend the use of statins in patients with risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). AIM To assess the impact of atorvastatin on plasma inflammatory and oxidant biomarkers in patients with moderate to very high risk of ASCVD. METHOD Two hundred ten patients presented to the cardiology clinic were included and stratified into low, moderate, high, and very high risk of ASCVD. Moderate- (20 mg/d) to high-intensity (40 mg/d) atorvastatin was prescribed. Plasma levels of lipids, ET-1, CRP, MPO, total nitrite, lipid peroxides (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARS]), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were measured at baseline and 12 weeks after treatment. RESULT Relative to low-risk patients, baseline plasma inflammatory markers of CRP, MPO, ET-1, and nitrite were higher in patients with very high risk of ASCVD, whereas plasma SOD was lower (all P < .05). Use of high and moderate atorvastatin therapy significantly reduced low-density lipoprotein and total cholesterol levels, as well as plasma levels of CRP, MPO, nitrite, and TBARS, and increased plasma SOD activity in patients with moderate to very high risk of ASCVD, independent of lipid-lowering effects. CONCLUSIONS Key markers of oxidative stress/inflammation such as CRP, ET-1, total nitrite, and MPO are associated with an increased risk of ASCVD. Moderate- and high-intensity atorvastatin use reduces plasma oxidative stress and inflammation regardless of ASCVD risk and independent of its lipid-lowering effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadia Mayyas
- 1 Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Duha Baydoun
- 1 Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Rasheed Ibdah
- 2 Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan.,3 Princess Muna Heart Institute, King Abdullah University Hospital, Irbid, Jordan
| | - Khalid Ibrahim
- 3 Princess Muna Heart Institute, King Abdullah University Hospital, Irbid, Jordan.,4 Division of Cardiac Surgery, Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Jordan University of Science and Technology, Irbid, Jordan
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Theodoropoulos K, Mennuni MG, Sartori S, Meelu OA, Yu J, Baber U, Stefanini GG, Mastoris I, Moreno P, Dangas GD, Mehran R, Sharma SK, Kini AS. Quantitative angiographic characterisation of coronary artery disease in patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. EUROINTERVENTION 2017; 12:1757-1765. [PMID: 27840323 DOI: 10.4244/eij-d-15-00409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Patients with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have an increased risk of acute myocardial infarction (MI), and 6.5-15% of mortality in this population is attributable to cardiovascular disease. However, the angiographic pattern of coronary artery disease (CAD) in patients with HIV undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) remains unknown. We sought to assess and describe the angiographic features and burden of CAD in patients with HIV as compared to those without HIV infection. METHODS AND RESULTS This is a retrospective, single-centre study comparing 93 patients with HIV infection who underwent PCI between 2003 and 2011 with 93 control patients without HIV infection matched for age (±3 years), gender, diabetes, and year of PCI (±2 years). Quantitative coronary angiography (QCA) was performed for all treated lesions at baseline and following PCI in both groups. One-year clinical outcomes post PCI were also analysed and compared. The mean age for both study populations was 57 years; patients with HIV were more likely to present with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Patients had a similar extent of CAD as measured by the presence of multivessel disease as well as SYNTAX score; however, patients with HIV were more likely to have lesions in the proximal segment of the respective coronary artery. While both groups mostly displayed none/mild calcified lesions, HIV+ patients had longer and fewer stenotic lesions. Clinical outcomes at one year were similar. CONCLUSIONS While HIV+ patients were more likely to present with STEMI, detailed coronary angiographic analysis revealed less complex lesions and favourable anatomy. This paradox may suggest alterations in genesis and progression of atherosclerosis in this clinical setting.
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Chung J, Kim K, Hong J, Kong HJ. Effects of prolonged exercise versus multiple short exercise sessions on risk for metabolic syndrome and the atherogenic index in middle-aged obese women: a randomised controlled trial. BMC Womens Health 2017; 17:65. [PMID: 28830404 PMCID: PMC5567732 DOI: 10.1186/s12905-017-0421-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many people, although they may recognise the positive effects of exercise, do not exercise regularly owing to lack of time. This study aimed to investigate the effects of prolonged single-session exercise and multiple short sessions of exercise on the risk of metabolic syndrome and the atherogenic index in middle-aged obese women. METHODS Thirty-six participants were divided into the single-session group, multiple-session group, and control group. The single-session group engaged in one session of treadmill exercise for 30 min a day; the multiple-session group had three sessions of 10 min a day. Both groups exercised 3 days/week for 12 weeks. The control group did not perform any exercise. RESULTS The single-session group showed decreases in weight (0.97 kg [95% C.I. = 0.09-1.83], p < .05), body mass index (0.43 kg/m2 [95% C.I. = 0.03-0.81], p < .05), and fat mass (1.65 kg, [95% C.I. = 0.78-2.51], p < .01). Systolic blood pressure dropped in the single-session group (6.66 mmHg, [95% C.I. = 1.44-11.88], p < .05), and diastolic blood pressure dropped in the multiple-session group (3.38 mmHg, [95% C.I. = 1.44-5.88], p < .01). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol rose in the single-session group (4.08 mg/dL, [95% C.I. = -8.08-(-)0.07], p < .05) and dropped in the control group (10.75 mg/dL [95% C.I. = 1.95-19.54], p < .01). According to post hoc analysis, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol increased more in the single-session group than the control group (95% C.I. = 0.61-21.88, p < .05). Glucose levels decreased in both the single-session group (16 mg/dL [95% C.I. = 5.64-26.35], p < .01) and the multiple-session group (12.16 mg/dL, [95% C.I. = 2.18-22.14], p < .05). Waist circumference decreased in the single-session group (2.65 cm [95% C.I. = 1.46-3.83], p < .001) and multiple-session group (2.04 cm, [95% C.I. = 1.51-2.73], p < .001). Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels rose in both the multiple-session group (-15.79 mg/dL [95% C.I. = -34.24-(-)3.78], p < .05) and the control group (-22.94 mg/dL [95% C.I. = -44.63-(-)1.24], p < .05). The atherogenic index increased in the control group (-1.06 [95% C.I. = -1.69-(-)0.41], p < .01). CONCLUSIONS The findings indicate that prolonged exercise is superior to multiple short sessions for improving the risk of metabolic syndrome and the atherogenic index in middle-aged obese women. However, multiple short sessions can be recommended as an alternative to prolonged exercise when the goal is to decrease blood glucose or waist circumference.
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Affiliation(s)
- JinWook Chung
- Sport Culture Science Department, Dongguk University-Seoul, 30, Pildong-ro 1-gil, Jung-gu, Seoul, 04620 Republic of Korea
| | - KwangJun Kim
- Sports Science Department, Korea Instiute of Sports Science, 727 Hwarang-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, 01794 Republic of Korea
| | - Jeeyoung Hong
- Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03080 Republic of Korea
- Institute of Medical & Biological Engineering, Medical Research Center, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 71 IhwaJang-gil, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03087 Republic of Korea
| | - Hyoun-Joong Kong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Munhwa-ro 266, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015 Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chungnam National University Hospital, Munhwa-ro 282, Jung-gu, Daejeon, 35015 Republic of Korea
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Raza GS, Putaala H, Hibberd AA, Alhoniemi E, Tiihonen K, Mäkelä KA, Herzig KH. Polydextrose changes the gut microbiome and attenuates fasting triglyceride and cholesterol levels in Western diet fed mice. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5294. [PMID: 28706193 PMCID: PMC5509720 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05259-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity and dyslipidemia are hallmarks of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Polydextrose (PDX), a soluble fiber has lipid lowering effects. We hypothesize that PDX reduces triglycerides and cholesterol by influencing gut microbiota, which in turn modulate intestinal gene expression. C57BL/6 male mice were fed a Western diet (WD) ±75 mg PDX twice daily by oral gavage for 14 days. Body weight and food intake were monitored daily. Fasting plasma lipids, caecal microbiota and gene expression in intestine and liver were measured after 14 days of feeding. PDX supplementation to WD significantly reduced food intake (p < 0.001), fasting plasma triglyceride (p < 0.001) and total cholesterol (p < 0.05). Microbiome analysis revealed that the relative abundance of Allobaculum, Bifidobacterium and Coriobacteriaceae taxa associated with lean phenotype, increased in WD + PDX mice. Gene expression analysis with linear mixed-effects model showed consistent downregulation of Dgat1, Cd36, Fiaf and upregulation of Fxr in duodenum, jejunum, ileum and colon in WD + PDX mice. Spearman correlations indicated that genera enriched in WD + PDX mice inversely correlated with fasting lipids and downregulated genes Dgat1, Cd36 and Fiaf while positively with upregulated gene Fxr. These results suggest that PDX in mice fed WD promoted systemic changes via regulation of the gut microbiota and gene expression in intestinal tract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghulam Shere Raza
- Research unit of Biomedicine and Biocenter of Oulu, Department of Physiology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Heli Putaala
- DuPont Nutrition and Health, Global Health and Nutrition Science, Kantvik, Finland
| | - Ashley A Hibberd
- DuPont Nutrition and Health, Genomics & Microbiome Science, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | | | - Kirsti Tiihonen
- DuPont Nutrition and Health, Global Health and Nutrition Science, Kantvik, Finland
| | - Kari Antero Mäkelä
- Research unit of Biomedicine and Biocenter of Oulu, Department of Physiology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Karl-Heinz Herzig
- Research unit of Biomedicine and Biocenter of Oulu, Department of Physiology, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland. .,Department of Gastroenterology and Metabolism, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland. .,Medical Research Center (MRC), University of Oulu, and University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
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Lee DY, Kim JH, Park SE, Park CY, Oh KW, Park SW, Rhee EJ, Lee WY. Effects of Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol on Coronary Artery Calcification Progression According to High-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Levels. Arch Med Res 2017; 48:284-291. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2016] [Accepted: 05/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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13
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Control de lipoproteínas de baja densidad en población extremeña en función del sexo y del riesgo cardiovascular. Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Félix-Redondo FJ, Lozano-Mera L, Mostaza JM, Saénz P, Fernández-Berges D, Buitrago F. Influence of Gender and Cardiovascular Risk on the Control of Low-density Lipoprotein in a Population From Extremadura. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 68:1184-6. [PMID: 26603088 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2015.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2015] [Accepted: 08/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Félix-Redondo
- Centro de Salud Villanueva Norte, Villanueva de la Serena, Badajoz, Spain; Unidad de Investigación GRIMEX, Programa de Investigación de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (PERICLES), Badajoz, Spain
| | - Luis Lozano-Mera
- Unidad de Investigación GRIMEX, Programa de Investigación de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (PERICLES), Badajoz, Spain; Centro de Salud Urbano I, Mérida, Badajoz, Spain
| | | | - Pedro Saénz
- Unidad de Lípidos, Hospital de Mérida, Mérida, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Daniel Fernández-Berges
- Unidad de Investigación GRIMEX, Programa de Investigación de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (PERICLES), Badajoz, Spain; Unidad de Investigación, Área de Salud Don Benito-Villanueva de la Serena, Badajoz, Spain
| | - Francisco Buitrago
- Unidad de Investigación GRIMEX, Programa de Investigación de Enfermedades Cardiovasculares (PERICLES), Badajoz, Spain; Centro de Salud Universitario La Paz, Badajoz, Spain.
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15
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Hertz CL, Christiansen SL, Ottesen GL, Frank-Hansen R, Bundgaard H, Morling N. Post-mortem investigation of young deceased individuals with ischemic heart disease—outcome of supplementary genetic testing for dyslipidemia. Int J Legal Med 2015; 130:947-948. [DOI: 10.1007/s00414-015-1282-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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16
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Wang Y, Bai L, Lin Y, Chen Y, Guan H, Zhu N, Li Y, Gao S, Sun L, Zhao S, Fan J, Liu E. Combined use of probucol and cilostazol with atorvastatin attenuates atherosclerosis in moderately hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Lipids Health Dis 2015. [PMID: 26220196 PMCID: PMC4517357 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-015-0083-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is one of the major diseases that seriously impacts human health. Combined drug therapy may be efficacious in delaying the occurrence of cardiovascular events. Aim The current study was designed to investigate whether combined use of probucol (an anti-oxidant agent) with cilostazol (a platelet aggregation inhibitor) would increase the inhibitory effect of statins (a lipid-lowering agent) on atherosclerosis in moderately hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Methods and Results Thirty Japanese white rabbits were fed with a high cholesterol diet for 12 weeks, which was supplemented with either 0.005 % atorvastatin alone or 0.005 % atorvastatin plus 0.3 % probucol and 0.3 % cilostazol. Except for high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, no difference was found in plasma lipids among vehicle, statin, and the combined treatment group. However, atherosclerotic lesions were significantly reduced by statin treatment compared with vehicle. Moreover, we found that the anti-atherogenic effect of statin was further enhanced by the combined treatment, which was due to increased anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. Conclusions These data demonstrated that combined drug treatment exhibits potent athero-protective effects via pleiotropic functions, such as anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress, which is independent of the lipid-lowering effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Wang
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic Disease, Xi'an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.,Department of Pathology, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Liang Bai
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic Disease, Xi'an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China. .,Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
| | - Yan Lin
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic Disease, Xi'an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.,Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Yulong Chen
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
| | - Hua Guan
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic Disease, Xi'an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.,Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Ninghong Zhu
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic Disease, Xi'an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.,Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Yafeng Li
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic Disease, Xi'an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.,Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Shoucui Gao
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic Disease, Xi'an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.,Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Lijing Sun
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic Disease, Xi'an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.,Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Sihai Zhao
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic Disease, Xi'an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.,Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
| | - Jianglin Fan
- Department of Molecular Pathology, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Yamanashi, 409-3898, Japan
| | - Enqi Liu
- Research Institute of Atherosclerotic Disease, Xi'an Jiaotong University Cardiovascular Research Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.,Laboratory Animal Center, Xi'an Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.,Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Disease, Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi'an Medical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710021, China
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17
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Miura T, Izawa A, Motoki H, Miyashita Y, Kashima Y, Ebisawa S, Tomita T, Koyama J, Ikeda U. Clinical Impact of Rapid Reduction of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Level on Long-Term Outcome of Acute Myocardial Infarction in the Statin Era: Subanalysis of the ALPS-AMI Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0127835. [PMID: 26083546 PMCID: PMC4471188 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0127835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 04/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The optimal period to achieve target percent reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) level for secondary prevention of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is not well established. Methods The Assessment of Lipophilic vs. Hydrophilic Statin Therapy in AMI (ALPS-AMI) study enrolled 508 patients (mean age, 66.0± 11.6 years; 80.6% male) who were hospitalized for AMI and underwent percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Of these patients, 81 were excluded because of the absence of LDL-C measurements at 4 weeks after randomization. In the remaining 427 patients, the target LDL-C level reduction of ≥30% was achieved and not reached within 4 weeks after randomization in 204 cases (early reduction group) and 223 cases (late reduction group). The groups were formed prospectively and analyzed with regard to the composite end point (major adverse cardiovascular event [MACE]: all-cause death, myocardial infarction, and stroke) and clinical outcomes. Results MACE were significantly more frequent in the late reduction group compared to the early reduction group (9.4% vs. 3.4%, P = 0.013). The incidence of cardiac deaths was also significantly higher in the late reduction group (3.1% vs. 0.5%, P = 0.044). On age-adjusted Cox proportional hazards analysis in statin-naïve patients, percent reduction of LDL-C level during the initial 4 weeks (HR, 0.98; 95% CI: 0.97–0.99, P = 0.042) and baseline LDL-C level (HR, 0.98; 95% CI: 0.97–0.99, P = 0.033) predicted adverse events. Conclusions Rapid reduction of LDL-C level is strongly associated with favorable outcome in patients with AMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Miura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
- * E-mail:
| | - Atsushi Izawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Hirohiko Motoki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yusuke Miyashita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Yuichiro Kashima
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Souichiro Ebisawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tomita
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Jun Koyama
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
| | - Uichi Ikeda
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto, Japan
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18
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Brænne I, Kleinecke M, Reiz B, Graf E, Strom T, Wieland T, Fischer M, Kessler T, Hengstenberg C, Meitinger T, Erdmann J, Schunkert H. Systematic analysis of variants related to familial hypercholesterolemia in families with premature myocardial infarction. Eur J Hum Genet 2015; 24:191-7. [PMID: 26036859 DOI: 10.1038/ejhg.2015.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an oligogenic disorder characterized by markedly elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLC) levels. Variants in four genes have been reported to cause the classical autosomal-dominant form of the disease. FH is largely under-diagnosed in European countries. As FH increases the risk for coronary artery disease (CAD) and myocardial infarction (MI), it might be specifically overlooked in the large number of such patients. Here, we systematically examined the frequency of potential FH-causing variants by exome sequencing in 255 German patients with premature MI and a positive family history for CAD. We further performed co-segregation analyses in an average of 5.5 family members per MI patient. In total, we identified 11 potential disease-causing variants that co-segregate within the families, that is, 5% of patients with premature MI and positive CAD family history had FH. Eight variants were previously reported as disease-causing and three are novel (LDLR.c.811G>A p.(V271I)), PCSK9.c.610G>A (p.(D204N)) and STAP1.c.139A>G (p.(T47A))). Co-segregation analyses identified multiple additional family members carrying one of these FH variants and the clinical phenotype of either FH (n=2) or FH and premature CAD (n=15). However, exome sequencing also revealed that some variants in FH genes, which have been reported to cause FH, do not co-segregate with FH. The data reveal that a large proportion of FH patients escape the diagnosis, even when they have premature MI. Hence, systematic molecular-genetic screening for FH in such patients may reveal a substantial number of cases and thereby allow a timely LDLC-lowering in both FH/MI patients as well as their variant-carrying family members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Brænne
- Institut für Integrative und Experimentelle Genomik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Mariana Kleinecke
- Institut für Integrative und Experimentelle Genomik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Benedikt Reiz
- Institut für Integrative und Experimentelle Genomik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Graf
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Tim Strom
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Wieland
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marcus Fischer
- Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany
| | - Thorsten Kessler
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany
| | - Christian Hengstenberg
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Thomas Meitinger
- Institute of Human Genetics, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- Institut für Integrative und Experimentelle Genomik, Universität zu Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.,DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, Lübeck, Germany
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- Deutsches Herzzentrum München, Technische Universität München, München, Germany.,DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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Kang MJ, Seo JS, Kim EM, Park MS, Woo MH, Ju DL, Wie GA, Lee SM, Cha JA, Sohn CM. Development of Job Standards for Clinical Nutrition Therapy for Dyslipidemia Patients. Clin Nutr Res 2015; 4:76-89. [PMID: 25954728 PMCID: PMC4418419 DOI: 10.7762/cnr.2015.4.2.76] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Revised: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 04/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jae Kang
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Korea
| | - Jung-Sook Seo
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Korea
| | - Eun-Mi Kim
- Department of Dietetics, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Seoul 110-746, Korea
| | - Mi-Sun Park
- Department of Food and Nutrition Care, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Korea
| | - Mi-Hye Woo
- Department of Nutrition Team, Kyung Hee University Medical Center, Seoul 130-872, Korea
| | - Dal-Lae Ju
- Department of Food and Nutrition Care, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul 110-744, Korea
| | - Gyung-Ah Wie
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, National Cancer Center, Goyang 410-769, Korea
| | - Song-Mi Lee
- Department of Nutrition, Gangnam Severance Hospital, Seoul 135-720, Korea
| | - Jin-A Cha
- Department of Korean Cuisine, Jeonju University, Jeonju 560-759, Korea
| | - Cheong-Min Sohn
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Wonkwang University, Iksan 570-749, Korea
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20
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Brænne I, Reiz B, Medack A, Kleinecke M, Fischer M, Tuna S, Hengstenberg C, Deloukas P, Erdmann J, Schunkert H. Whole-exome sequencing in an extended family with myocardial infarction unmasks familial hypercholesterolemia. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2014; 14:108. [PMID: 25154303 PMCID: PMC4243586 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2261-14-108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is an autosomal-dominant disease leading to markedly elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol levels and increased risk for premature myocardial infarction (MI). Mutation carriers display variable LDL cholesterol levels, which may obscure the diagnosis. We examined by whole-exome sequencing a family in which multiple myocardial infarctions occurred at a young age with unclear etiology. METHODS Whole-exome sequencing of three affected family members, validation of the identified variant with Sanger-sequencing, and subsequent co-segregation analysis in the family. RESULTS The index patient (LDL cholesterol 188 mg/dL) was referred for molecular-genetic investigations. He had coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) at the age of 59 years; 12 out of 15 1st, 2nd and 3rd degree relatives were affected with coronary artery disease (CAD) and/or premature myocardial infarction (MI). We sequenced the whole-exome of the patient and two cousins with premature MI. After filtering, we were left with a potentially disease causing variant in the LDL receptor (LDLR) gene, which we validated by Sanger-sequencing (nucleotide substitution in the acceptor splice-site of exon 10, c.1359-1G > A). Sequencing of all family members available for genetic analysis revealed co-segregation of the variant with CAD (LOD 3.0) and increased LDLC (>190 mg/dL), following correction for statin treatment (LOD 4.3). Interestingly, mutation carriers presented with highly variable corrected (183-354 mg/dL) and on-treatment LDL levels (116-274 mg/dL) such that the diagnosis of FH in this family was made only after the molecular-genetic analysis. CONCLUSION Even in families with unusual clustering of CAD FH remains to be underdiagnosed, which underscores the need for implementation of systematic screening programs. Whole-exome sequencing may facilitate identification of disease-causing variants in families with unclear etiology of MI and enable preventive treatment of mutation carriers in a more timely fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ingrid Brænne
- />Institute for Integrative and Experimental Genomics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- />DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Benedikt Reiz
- />Institute for Integrative and Experimental Genomics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- />DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Anja Medack
- />Institute for Integrative and Experimental Genomics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Mariana Kleinecke
- />Institute for Integrative and Experimental Genomics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- />DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Marcus Fischer
- />Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, Universitätsklinikum Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany
| | - Salih Tuna
- />Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA UK
| | - Christian Hengstenberg
- />Deutsches Herzzentrum München and Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 80636 München, Germany
- />DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80636 Munich, Germany
| | - Panos Deloukas
- />Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, CB10 1SA UK
- />William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
- />Princess Al-Jawhara Al-Brahim Centre of Excellence in Research of Hereditary Disorders (PACER-HD), King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, 21589 Saudi Arabia
| | - Jeanette Erdmann
- />Institute for Integrative and Experimental Genomics, University of Lübeck, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
- />DZHK (German Research Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Hamburg/Lübeck/Kiel, 23562 Lübeck, Germany
| | - Heribert Schunkert
- />Deutsches Herzzentrum München and Medizinische Klinik, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, 80636 München, Germany
- />DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, 80636 Munich, Germany
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Alegría-Barrero A, Alegría-Barrero E, Alegría-Ezquerra E. [Overweight is the main determinant of excessive increase of triglycerides after meals]. Med Clin (Barc) 2014; 143:136-7. [PMID: 24361152 DOI: 10.1016/j.medcli.2013.10.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2013] [Revised: 10/08/2013] [Accepted: 10/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Alegría-Barrero
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Universitario Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, Madrid, España.
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Millard RW, Tranter M. Complementary, alternative, and putative nontroponin biomarkers of acute coronary syndrome: new resources for future risk assessment calculators. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 67:312-20. [PMID: 24774594 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2013.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2013] [Accepted: 12/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Biomarkers, other than cardiac troponin, with potential sensitivity and selectivity that provide diagnostic and prognostic insights into the tissue-specific injury processes underlying acute coronary syndrome and their possible use in risk stratification algorithms are discussed. Such biomarkers may be useful as complementary or alternative to cardiac troponin (I or T) assays in early diagnosis of acute coronary syndrome, as well as for monitoring acute coronary syndrome progression and prognosis assessment. The information included in this article is based on a critical analysis of selected published biomedical literature accessible through the United States National Library of Medicine's MEDLINE-PubMed and Scopus search engines. The majority of articles cited in this review and perspective, except for a few historical publications as background, were published between January 2000 and December 2013.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald W Millard
- Department of Pharmacology & Cell Biophysics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States.
| | - Michael Tranter
- Division of Cardiovascular Health and Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, United States
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23
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Millard RW, Tranter M. Biomarcadores no troponínicos, complementarios, alternativos y presuntos, para el síndrome coronario agudo: nuevos recursos para los futuros instrumentos de cálculo del riesgo. Rev Esp Cardiol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2013.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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24
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Bohl M, Overgaard A, Pietraszek A, Hermansen K. Management of Type 2 diabetes with liraglutide. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.2217/dmt.13.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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25
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[A 6-year evaluation of dyslipidemia in a health center: Importance of improvement actions]. Semergen 2014; 40:241-6. [PMID: 24529919 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2013.09.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2013] [Revised: 09/10/2013] [Accepted: 09/20/2013] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dyslipidemia, especially an increased LDL-cholesterol, has been shown to be one of the most important risk factors in the genesis of coronary involvement. The prevalence of dyslipidemias in Spain is high. The objective of this study is to assess the progress of dyslipidemic patients in our health center over a 6-year period, and see if there has been any improvement in its control after the presentation of the evaluation of the first 3 years, as well as an updated dyslipidemia protocol. PATIENTS AND METHODS Assessment Period 1 (2006-2008): 267 patients with dyslipidemia. Assessment Period 2 (2009-2011): 222 patients, excluding exitus and address changes. VARIABLES age, sex, personal history of CVD, vascular risk factors, lipids, drug treatment, risk levels, and percentages of CV control objectives. RESULTS Mean age was 66.2 years (SD 13.4), 66.3% women. Period 1-Period 2: Total cholesterol: 221.9-196.6 mg/dl (P=.000); LDL-cholesterol: 147.9-115.8 mg/dl (P=.000). In high risk patients, therapeutic targets: 14-50.5% (P=.024); medium risk: 35-68.1% (P=.038); low risk: 44-68.2% (P=NS). Pharmacotherapy 68-77% (P=.000). Changing treatment: 30-43% (P=.001). Adherence: 75-86% (P=.003). Untreated high risk: 15.4-16.3% (P=NS). CONCLUSIONS There was a significant improvement in Period 2, especially in high-risk patients, after presenting the results of the evaluation for Period 1 and with the updated dyslipidemia protocol. There are high risk patients without lipid-lowering treatment to be detected and reviewed.
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27
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Galve E, Castro A, Cordero A, Dalmau R, Fácila L, García-Romero A, Mazón P, Sanmartín M, Alonso García A. Update in cardiology: Vascular risk and cardiac rehabilitation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 66:124-30. [PMID: 24775386 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2012.10.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Accepted: 10/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease remains the major cause of premature death in developed and developing countries. Nevertheless, surveys show that most patients still do not achieve the lifestyles, risk factor levels, and therapeutic targets recommended in primary and secondary prevention. The present update reflects the most recent novelties in risk classification and estimation of risk and documents the latest changes in fields such as smoking, diet and nutrition, physical activity, lipids, hypertension, diabetes, and cardiovascular rehabilitation, based on experimental trials and population-based observational studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrique Galve
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.
| | | | - Alberto Cordero
- Departamento de Cardiología, Hospital de San Juan, San Juan de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
| | - Regina Dalmau
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Lorenzo Fácila
- Departamento de Cardiología, Hospital General de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - Pilar Mazón
- Servicio de Cardiología, Hospital de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, A Coruña, Spain
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Barrios V, Lobos JM, Serrano A, Brosa M, Capel M, Alvarez Sanz C. Cost-effectiveness analysis of rosuvastatin vs generic atorvastatin in Spain. J Med Econ 2012; 15 Suppl 1:45-54. [PMID: 22954062 DOI: 10.3111/13696998.2012.726674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to carry out a long-term cost-effectiveness analysis of rosuvastatin compared with generic atorvastatin in the treatment of patients at high cardiovascular (CV) risk (≥ 5% Systematic COronary Risk Evaluation [SCORE]) and patients with prior cardiovascular disease (CVD) in Spain. METHODS The efficacy data from the Statin Therapies for Elevated Lipid Levels compared Across doses to Rosuvastatin (STELLAR) study were used to simulate achievement of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol targets with different doses of rosuvastatin and generic atorvastatin for an initial period of 1 year. A Markov model was used to estimate the number of CV complications, quality-adjusted life years (QALYs), and healthcare costs (lipid-lowering treatment and CV events) for up to 20 years after initial treatment. The analysis was carried out from the perspective of the Spanish National Health System, with costs (in year 2010 euros) and effects being discounted at 3% per year. RESULTS Compared with generic atorvastatin, rosuvastatin was cost-effective (cost per QALY gained of less than €30,000) for the primary prevention of CV events in high-risk patients in most sub-groups analyzed. In patients with prior CVD, rosuvastatin was cost-effective in all sub-groups of men and most sub-groups of women. Key limitations of this study were the need to extrapolate data from a single trial to long-term modeled outcomes and the absence of other treatment options in the analysis. CONCLUSIONS For the treatment of dyslipidemic patients with high CV risk, rosuvastatin is more effective than generic atorvastatin in terms of survival and quality-of-life adjusted survival, with incremental cost-effectiveness ratios within the range generally used in Spain, in most sub-populations defined by various combinations of CV risk factors.
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Anguita M, Alegría E, Barrios V, Casasnovas JA, Escobar C, León M, Luengo E, Llisterri JL, Alonso Á, Cequier Á, Comín J, Fernández-Ortiz A, Heras M, Pan M, Worner F, Barón G, Bernal E, Borrás X, Civeira F, Cordero A, Guallar E, Ibáñez B, Laclaustra M, de Pablo C, Pascual D, Ripoll T, Sanz G, Serrano S. Comentarios a las guías de práctica clínica sobre manejo de las dislipemias de la Sociedad Europea de Cardiología y la Sociedad Europea de Aterosclerosis 2011. Un informe del Grupo de Trabajo del Comité de Guías de Práctica Clínica de la Sociedad Española de Cardiología. Rev Esp Cardiol 2011; 64:1090-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2011.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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Heras M, Avanzas P, Bayes-Genis A, Pérez de Isla L, Sanchis J. [2011 annual summary. Another meeting with our readers]. Rev Esp Cardiol 2011; 64:1207-14. [PMID: 22036239 DOI: 10.1016/j.recesp.2011.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2011] [Accepted: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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