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Calderón-Parra J, Gutiérrez-Villanueva A, Yagüe-Diego I, Cobo M, Domínguez F, Forteza A, Ana FC, Muñez-Rubio E, Moreno-Torres V, Ramos-Martínez A. Trends in epidemiology, surgical management, and prognosis of infective endocarditis during the XXI century in Spain: A population-based nationwide study. J Infect Public Health 2024; 17:881-888. [PMID: 38555656 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2024.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few population-based studies have evaluated the epidemiology of infective endocarditis (IE). Changes in population demographics and guidelines on IE may have affected both the incidence and outcomes of IE. Therefore, the aim of our study is to provide contemporary population-based epidemiological data of IE in Spain. METHODS Retrospective nationwide observational study using data from the Spanish National Health System Discharge Database. We included all patients hospitalized with IE from January 2000 to December 2019. RESULTS A total of 64,550 IE episodes were included. The incidence of IE rose from 5.25 cases/100,000 person-year in 2000 to 7.21 in 2019, with a 2% annual percentage change (95% CI 1.3-2.6). IE incidence was higher among those aged 85 or older (43.5 cases/100.000 person-years). Trends across the study period varied with sex and age. Patients with IE were progressively older (63.9 years in 2000-2004 to 70.0 in 2015-2019, p < 0.001) and had more frequent comorbidities and predispositions, including, previous valvular prosthesis (12.1% vs 20.9%, p < 0.001). After adjustment, a progressive reduction in mortality was noted including in 2015-2019 compared to 2010-2014 (adjusted odds ratio 0.93, 95% confident interval 0.88-0.99, p = 0.023)., which was associated with more frequent cardiac surgery in recent years (15.1% in 2010-2014 vs 19.9% in 2015-2019). CONCLUSIONS In Spain, the incidence of IE has increased during the XXI century, with a more pronounced increase in elderly individuals. Adjusted-mortality decreased over the years, which could be related to a higher percentage of surgery. Our results highlight the changing epidemiology of IE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Calderón-Parra
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Majadahonda, Spain; Research Institute Puerta de Hierro-Segovia de Arana (IDIPHSA). Majadahonda, Spain.
| | - Andrea Gutiérrez-Villanueva
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Majadahonda, Spain; Research Institute Puerta de Hierro-Segovia de Arana (IDIPHSA). Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Itziar Yagüe-Diego
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Marta Cobo
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Fernando Domínguez
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Alberto Forteza
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, University Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Fernández-Cruz Ana
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Majadahonda, Spain; Research Institute Puerta de Hierro-Segovia de Arana (IDIPHSA). Majadahonda, Spain; Autónoma University of Madrid, Spain
| | - Elena Muñez-Rubio
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Majadahonda, Spain; Research Institute Puerta de Hierro-Segovia de Arana (IDIPHSA). Majadahonda, Spain
| | - Victor Moreno-Torres
- Research Institute Puerta de Hierro-Segovia de Arana (IDIPHSA). Majadahonda, Spain; Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Majadahonda, Spain; UNIR Health Sciences School, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Ramos-Martínez
- Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Majadahonda, Majadahonda, Spain; Research Institute Puerta de Hierro-Segovia de Arana (IDIPHSA). Majadahonda, Spain; Autónoma University of Madrid, Spain
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Fernández-Hidalgo N. Prevention of Infections Associated With Intracardiac Devices. Toward a Rationalization of Clinical Practice. REVISTA ESPANOLA DE CARDIOLOGIA (ENGLISH ED.) 2019; 72:797-799. [PMID: 31402329 DOI: 10.1016/j.rec.2019.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/08/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Fernández-Hidalgo
- Servei de Malalties Infeccioses, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain; Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Red Española de Investigación en Patología Infecciosa (REIPI), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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