1
|
Yuan M, Huan X, Yang X, Fan M, Yin J, Ma Y, Deng B, Cao H, Han Y, Xu F. Simultaneous extraction of five heavy metal ions from root vegetables via dual-frequency ultrasound-assisted enzymatic digestion. Food Chem 2024; 454:139741. [PMID: 38805922 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
The dual-frequency ultrasound-assisted enzymatic digestion (DUED) technique was developed for synchronous green extraction of five heavy metal ions in root vegetables. The combination of α-amylase, cellulase, and papain showed significant advantageous in extracting heavy metal ions. Under optimized dual-frequency ultrasonic conditions, the extraction rates of Cr, As, Cd, Pb, and Hg in carrots reached 99.04%, 105.88%, 104.65%, 104.10%, and 103.13% respectively. And the extraction process is highly efficient, completing in just 15 min. Compared to conventional microwave-assisted acid hydrolysis method, this technique eliminates the need for high-temperature concentrated acid, enhancing its environmental sustainability while maintaining mild reaction conditions, making it ideal for biosensors application. Additionally, simultaneous extraction and detection of four heavy metals in lotus roots were successfully achieved by using DUED and a fluorescent paper-based microfluidic chip. The obtained results are consistent with those obtained using conventional methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Yuan
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Food Rapid Detection, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Xinyan Huan
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Food Rapid Detection, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China; Shanghai Centre of Agri-products Quality and Safety, Shanghai 201708, China
| | - Xiaojun Yang
- Shanghai Centre of Agri-products Quality and Safety, Shanghai 201708, China
| | - Menghan Fan
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Food Rapid Detection, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Jiaqi Yin
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Food Rapid Detection, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - YingQing Ma
- Shanghai Centre of Agri-products Quality and Safety, Shanghai 201708, China
| | - Bo Deng
- Shanghai Centre of Agri-products Quality and Safety, Shanghai 201708, China
| | - Hui Cao
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Food Rapid Detection, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China
| | - Yiyi Han
- Shanghai Centre of Agri-products Quality and Safety, Shanghai 201708, China.
| | - Fei Xu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Centre of Food Rapid Detection, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai 200093, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ncube N, Thatyana M, Tancu Y, Mketo N. Quantitative analysis and health risk assessment of selected heavy metals in pet food samples using ultrasound assisted hydrogen peroxide extraction followed by ICP-OES analysis. Food Chem Toxicol 2024; 192:114915. [PMID: 39127121 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2024.114915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 08/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024]
Abstract
There is a lack of information regarding the presence of heavy metals in feed ingredients for animals. Therefore, this study examines 10 feed samples collected from commercial pet food in South African market. The optimal working parameters for ultrasound assisted hydrogen peroxide extraction (UA-HPE) confirmed by multivariate optimization were sonication temperature at 80 °C for 60 min, sample mass of 0.1 g, and H2O2 concentration of 5 mol/L. The UA-HPE results demonstrated high accuracy of (>95%), reproducibility (≤1.9%), low method of detection limits (0.3498 and 0.49 μg/g), and strong linearity as confirmed by regression analysis. The environmental friendliness of the UA-HPE method was assessed using AGREEPrep metric tool that resulted with a score of 0.74. The concentration levels of Cd, Pb and As, ranged between 0.86 and 11.34, 4.50-11.45, and 2.61-12.5 μg/g, respectively greater than the standardized limits, whilst Cr, and Sn were below the limits of detection in all pet food. The health index calculations (HI > 1) revealed that the cat, dog, and horse feed pose health risk for animal consumption. Consequently, this study demonstrated a green, efficient, and cost-effective method for the analysis of animal feed with high accuracy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nomatter Ncube
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Florida Science Campus, University of South Africa, Roodepoort, 1710, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Maxwell Thatyana
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Florida Science Campus, University of South Africa, Roodepoort, 1710, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Yolanda Tancu
- Water Centre, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Pretoria, 0001, South Africa
| | - Nomvano Mketo
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Engineering and Technology, Florida Science Campus, University of South Africa, Roodepoort, 1710, Johannesburg, South Africa.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Senila M. Recent Advances in the Determination of Major and Trace Elements in Plants Using Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometry. Molecules 2024; 29:3169. [PMID: 38999125 PMCID: PMC11243047 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29133169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/01/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Interest in measuring major and trace elements in plants has increased in recent years because of growing concerns about the elements' contribution to daily intakes or the health risks posed by ingesting vegetables contaminated by potentially toxic elements. The recent advances in using inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) to measure major and trace elements in plant samples are reviewed in the present work. The sample preparation before instrumental determination and the main advantages and limitations of ICP-OES are described. New trends in element extraction in liquid solutions using fewer toxic solvents and microextractions are observed in recently published literature. Even though ICP-OES is a well-established and routine technique, recent innovations to increase its performance have been found. Validated methods are needed to ensure the obtaining of reliable results. Much research has focused on assessing principal figures of merit, such as limits of detection, quantification, selectivity, working ranges, precision in terms of repeatability and reproducibility, and accuracy through spiked samples or certified reference materials analysis. According to the published literature, the ICP-OES technique, 50 years after the release of the first commercially available equipment, remains a powerful and highly recommended tool for element determination on a wide range of concentrations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marin Senila
- INCDO-INOE 2000, Research Institute for Analytical Instrumentation, 67 Donath Street, 400293 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lo Fiego MJ, Lorenzetti AS, Silbestri GF, Domini CE. The use of ultrasound in the South Cone region. Advances in organic and inorganic synthesis and in analytical methods. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2021; 80:105834. [PMID: 34814046 PMCID: PMC8608658 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2021.105834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Revised: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
In organic and inorganic synthesis and in analytical methods, an external conventional heat source is usually applied to carry out a chemical reaction at a high temperature, or an extraction procedure. In the last decades, the use of ultrasound as an alternative energy source has become an interesting field of research in these topics in the South Cone region (Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Southern Brazil and Paraguay). For this reason, the present review, covering the period 2009 to mid-2021, is a compilation of ultrasound-assisted synthetic and analytical methodologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marcos J Lo Fiego
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional Del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Av. Alem 1253, Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina
| | - Anabela S Lorenzetti
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional Del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Av. Alem 1253, Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina
| | - Gustavo F Silbestri
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional Del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Av. Alem 1253, Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina.
| | - Claudia E Domini
- INQUISUR, Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional Del Sur (UNS)-CONICET, Av. Alem 1253, Bahía Blanca 8000, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Human risk associated with the ingestion of artichokes grown in soils irrigated with water contaminated by potentially toxic elements, Junin, Peru. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:5952-5962. [PMID: 34588912 PMCID: PMC8459158 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.06.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The contamination of water, air and soil with potentially toxic elements (PTE) compromises the supply of contaminant free food. Vegetables grown in contaminated soils can absorb and accumulate PTE at concentrations that are toxic to human health. In this context, the human risk associated with the intake of artichokes grown in soils irrigated with PTE contaminated water was assessed. 120 samples of surface soil and artichoke heads were collected and the concentrations of Cu, Fe, Pb, Zn and As were determined. The results showed that the concentrations of Cu, Fe and Zn in soil did not exceed the standards of the Ministry of Environment of Peru, but they did exceed those of Pb (125.45 mg kg-1) and As (28.70 mg kg-1). The decreasing order of mean PTE concentration in artichoke heads was Fe > Zn > Cu > Pb > As, exceeding the permissible levels of FAO/WHO CODEX Alimentarius. However, the concentrations of As comply with the maximum limits of inorganic contaminants in vegetables (0.3 mg kg-1) established in the MERCOSUR regulations. The non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk of Pb and As indicated that the ingestion of artichoke heads does not represent a health risk.
Collapse
|
6
|
Pistón M, Machado I, Rodríguez-Arce E, Dol I. Development of an Ozone-Assisted Sample Preparation Method for the Determination of Cu and Zn in Rice Samples. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2021; 2021:5586227. [PMID: 34336358 PMCID: PMC8315877 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5586227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
A green analytical method for the determination of Cu and Zn in rice samples was developed. This method was based on an ozone-assisted extraction (OAE) in diluted acid media. A novel closed system was designed for this purpose that allowed four simultaneous sample treatments being safe for the laboratory environment. The method consisted in 0.5 g of the sample, 15 minutes of ozonation, and 3 minutes of centrifugation. The obtained supernatant was ready for Cu and Zn determinations by flame atomic absorption spectrometry. Detection limits were 0.20 and 0.08 mg kg-1 for Cu and Zn, respectively, with a precision (RSD) better than 5% for both elements. A certified reference material of rice flour was analyzed for trueness evaluation, and the mean recoveries (%) were 100.4 (Cu) and 95.9 (Zn). Several commercial rice samples were analyzed using this method, and the results were compared with those obtained using traditional microwave-assisted digestion (MAE). Both methods yielded comparable results. Cu and Zn levels were in accordance with reported values in other regions. The OAE resulted to be simple and economical and with results equivalent with those obtained using traditional sample preparation procedures as MAE with the advantage of being in good agreement with the principles of green analytical chemistry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariela Pistón
- Grupo de Análisis de Elementos Traza y Desarrollo de Estrategias Simples para Preparación de Muestras (GATPREM). Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Ignacio Machado
- Grupo de Análisis de Elementos Traza y Desarrollo de Estrategias Simples para Preparación de Muestras (GATPREM). Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Esteban Rodríguez-Arce
- Grupo de Análisis de Elementos Traza y Desarrollo de Estrategias Simples para Preparación de Muestras (GATPREM). Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Isabel Dol
- Grupo de Análisis de Elementos Traza y Desarrollo de Estrategias Simples para Preparación de Muestras (GATPREM). Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad de La República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| |
Collapse
|