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Khan SA, Akhtar MJ, Gogoi U, Meenakshi DU, Das A. An Overview of 1,2,3-triazole-Containing Hybrids and Their Potential Anticholinesterase Activities. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:179. [PMID: 37259329 PMCID: PMC9961747 DOI: 10.3390/ph16020179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Acetylcholine (ACh) neurotransmitter of the cholinergic system in the brain is involved in learning, memory, stress responses, and cognitive functioning. It is hydrolyzed into choline and acetic acid by two key cholinesterase enzymes, viz., acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). A loss or degeneration of cholinergic neurons that leads to a reduction in ACh levels is considered a significant contributing factor in the development of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). Numerous studies have shown that cholinesterase inhibitors can raise the level of ACh and, therefore, enhance people's quality of life, and, at the very least, it can temporarily lessen the symptoms of NDs. 1,2,3-triazole, a five-membered heterocyclic ring, is a privileged moiety, that is, a central scaffold, and is capable of interacting with a variety of receptors and enzymes to exhibit a broad range of important biological activities. Recently, it has been clubbed with other pharmacophoric fragments/molecules in hope of obtaining potent and selective AChE and/or BuChE inhibitors. The present updated review succinctly summarizes the different synthetic strategies used to synthesize the 1,2,3-triazole moiety. It also highlights the anticholinesterase potential of various 1,2,3-triazole di/trihybrids reported in the past seven years (2015-2022), including a rationale for hybridization and with an emphasis on their structural features for the development and optimization of cholinesterase inhibitors to treat NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shah Alam Khan
- College of Pharmacy, National University of Science and Technology, Muscat 130, Oman
| | | | - Urvashee Gogoi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, India
| | | | - Aparoop Das
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dibrugarh University, Dibrugarh 786004, India
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Romano N, Hein NM, Basemann K, Seo Y, Gagné MR. Uniquely Enabling Mechanism for Bis-oxazoline Copper(II)-Catalyzed Azidation of Pyranosides and Furanosides. ACS Catal 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.2c04208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Neyen Romano
- Caudill Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Nicholas M. Hein
- Caudill Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Kevin Basemann
- Caudill Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Youngran Seo
- Caudill Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
| | - Michel R. Gagné
- Caudill Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599-3290, United States
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Da Silva O, Probst N, Landry C, Hanak AS, Warnault P, Coisne C, Calas AG, Gosselet F, Courageux C, Gastellier AJ, Trancart M, Baati R, Dehouck MP, Jean L, Nachon F, Renard PY, Dias J. A New Class of Bi- and Trifunctional Sugar Oximes as Antidotes against Organophosphorus Poisoning. J Med Chem 2022; 65:4649-4666. [PMID: 35255209 PMCID: PMC8958973 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Recent events demonstrated that organophosphorus nerve agents are a serious threat for civilian and military populations. The current therapy includes a pyridinium aldoxime reactivator to restore the enzymatic activity of acetylcholinesterase located in the central nervous system and neuro-muscular junctions. One major drawback of these charged acetylcholinesterase reactivators is their poor ability to cross the blood-brain barrier. In this study, we propose to evaluate glucoconjugated oximes devoid of permanent charge as potential central nervous system reactivators. We determined their in vitro reactivation efficacy on inhibited human acetylcholinesterase, the crystal structure of two compounds in complex with the enzyme, their protective index on intoxicated mice, and their pharmacokinetics. We then evaluated their endothelial permeability coefficients with a human in vitro model. This study shed light on the structural restrains of new sugar oximes designed to reach the central nervous system through the glucose transporter located at the blood-brain barrier.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ophélie Da Silva
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale Des Armées, F-91220 Brétigny-Sur-Orge, France
| | - Nicolas Probst
- Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR 6014 & FR 3038, Université de Rouen, INSA Rouen, CNRS, 1 rue Tesnière, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Christophe Landry
- Université d'Artois (UArtois), UR 2465, LBHE Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique, F-62307 Lens, France
| | - Anne-Sophie Hanak
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale Des Armées, F-91220 Brétigny-Sur-Orge, France
| | - Pierre Warnault
- Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR 6014 & FR 3038, Université de Rouen, INSA Rouen, CNRS, 1 rue Tesnière, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Caroline Coisne
- Université d'Artois (UArtois), UR 2465, LBHE Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique, F-62307 Lens, France
| | - André-Guilhem Calas
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale Des Armées, F-91220 Brétigny-Sur-Orge, France
| | - Fabien Gosselet
- Université d'Artois (UArtois), UR 2465, LBHE Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique, F-62307 Lens, France
| | - Charlotte Courageux
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale Des Armées, F-91220 Brétigny-Sur-Orge, France
| | - Anne-Julie Gastellier
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale Des Armées, F-91220 Brétigny-Sur-Orge, France
| | - Marilène Trancart
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale Des Armées, F-91220 Brétigny-Sur-Orge, France
| | - Rachid Baati
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l'Énergie, l'Environnement, et la Santé: UMR CNRS 7515 ICPEES, Université de Strasbourg - École de Chimie Polymères et Matériaux, ECPM 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg cedex 2, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Dehouck
- Université d'Artois (UArtois), UR 2465, LBHE Laboratoire de la Barrière Hémato-Encéphalique, F-62307 Lens, France
| | - Ludovic Jean
- Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR 6014 & FR 3038, Université de Rouen, INSA Rouen, CNRS, 1 rue Tesnière, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - Florian Nachon
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale Des Armées, F-91220 Brétigny-Sur-Orge, France
| | - Pierre-Yves Renard
- Normandie Université, COBRA, UMR 6014 & FR 3038, Université de Rouen, INSA Rouen, CNRS, 1 rue Tesnière, 76821 Mont-Saint-Aignan Cedex, France
| | - José Dias
- Département de Toxicologie et Risques Chimiques, Institut de Recherche Biomédicale Des Armées, F-91220 Brétigny-Sur-Orge, France
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Versatile Fluorescent Carbon Dots from Citric Acid and Cysteine with Antimicrobial, Anti-biofilm, Antioxidant, and AChE Enzyme Inhibition Capabilities. J Fluoresc 2021; 31:1705-1717. [PMID: 34424483 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-021-02798-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructured fluorescent particles derived from natural molecules were prepared by a green synthesis technique employing a microwave method. The precursors citric acid (CA) and cysteine (Cys) were used in the preparation of S- and N-doped Cys carbon dots (Cys CDs). Synthesis was completed in 3 min. The graphitic structure revealed by XRD analysis of Cys CDs dots had good water dispersity, with diameters in the range of 2-20 nm determined by TEM analysis. The isoelectric point of the S, N-doped CDs was pH value for 5.2. The prepared Cys CDs displayed excellent fluorescence intensity with a high quantum yield of 75.6 ± 2.1%. Strong antimicrobial capability of Cys CDs was observed with 12.5 mg/mL minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) against gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria with the highest antimicrobial activity obtained against Staphylococcus aureus. Furthermore, Cys CDs provided total biofilm eradication and inhibition abilities against Pseudomonas aeruginosa at 25 mg/mL concentration. Cys CDs are promising antioxidant materials with 1.3 ± 0.1 μmol Trolox equivalent/g antioxidant capacity. Finally, Cys CDs were also shown to inhibit the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme, which is used in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease, even at the low concentration of 100 μg/mL.
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