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van Schaik TJA, Gaul F, Dorthé EW, Lee EE, Grogan SP, D’Lima DD. Development of an Ex Vivo Murine Osteochondral Repair Model. Cartilage 2021; 12:112-120. [PMID: 30373381 PMCID: PMC7755972 DOI: 10.1177/1947603518809402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Mouse models are commonly used in research applications due to the relatively low cost, highly characterized strains, as well as the availability of many genetically modified phenotypes. In this study, we characterized an ex vivo murine osteochondral repair model using human infrapatellar fat pad (IPFP) progenitor cells. DESIGN Femurs from euthanized mice were removed and clamped in a custom multidirectional vise to create cylindrical osteochondral defects 0.5 mm in diameter and 0.5 mm deep in both condyles. The IPFP contains progenitors that are a promising cell source for the repair of osteochondral defects. For proof of concept, human IPFP-derived progenitor cells, from osteoarthritic (OA) patients, cultured as pellets, were implanted into the defects and cultured in serum-free medium with TGFβ3 for 3 weeks and then processed for histology and immunostaining. RESULTS The custom multidirectional vise enabled reproducible creation of osteochondral defects in murine femoral condyles. Implantation of IPFP-derived progenitor cells led to development of cartilaginous tissue with Safranin O staining and deposition of collagen type II in the extracellular matrix. CONCLUSIONS We showed feasibility in creating ex vivo osteochondral defects and demonstrated the regenerative potential of OA human IPFP-derived progenitors in mouse femurs. The murine model can be used to study the effects of aging and OA on tissue regeneration and to explore molecular mechanisms of cartilage repair using genetically modified mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas J. A. van Schaik
- Orthopaedic Research Laboratory, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Florian Gaul
- Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education at Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA, USA,Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Erik W. Dorthé
- Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education at Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA, USA,Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Emily E. Lee
- Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education at Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA, USA,Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Shawn P. Grogan
- Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education at Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA, USA,Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Darryl D. D’Lima
- Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education at Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA, USA,Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA,Darryl D. D’Lima, Scripps Health, Shiley Center for Orthopaedic Research and Education at Scripps Clinic, 10666 North Torrey Pines Road, MS126, La Jolla, CA 92027, USA.
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