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Golenkina EA, Viryasova GM, Galkina SI, Kondratenko ND, Gaponova TV, Romanova YM, Lyamzaev KG, Chernyak BV, Sud’ina GF. Redox processes are major regulators of leukotriene synthesis in neutrophils exposed to bacteria Salmonella typhimurium; the way to manipulate neutrophil swarming. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1295150. [PMID: 38384456 PMCID: PMC10880102 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1295150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils play a primary role in protecting our body from pathogens. When confronted with invading bacteria, neutrophils begin to produce leukotriene B4, a potent chemoattractant that, in cooperation with the primary bacterial chemoattractant fMLP, stimulates the formation of swarms of neutrophils surrounding pathogens. Here we describe a complex redox regulation that either stimulates or inhibits fMLP-induced leukotriene synthesis in an experimental model of neutrophils interacting with Salmonella typhimurium. The scavenging of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species by mitochondria-targeted antioxidants MitoQ and SkQ1, as well as inhibition of their production by mitochondrial inhibitors, inhibit the synthesis of leukotrienes regardless of the cessation of oxidative phosphorylation. On the contrary, antioxidants N-acetylcysteine and sodium hydrosulfide promoting reductive shift in the reversible thiol-disulfide system stimulate the synthesis of leukotrienes. Diamide that oxidizes glutathione at high concentrations inhibits leukotriene synthesis, and the glutathione precursor S-adenosyl-L-methionine prevents this inhibition. Diamide-dependent inhibition is also prevented by diphenyleneiodonium, presumably through inhibition of NADPH oxidase and NADPH accumulation. Thus, during bacterial infection, maintaining the reduced state of glutathione in neutrophils plays a decisive role in the synthesis of leukotriene B4. Suppression of excess leukotriene synthesis is an effective strategy for treating various inflammatory pathologies. Our data suggest that the use of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants may be promising for this purpose, whereas known thiol-based antioxidants, such as N-acetylcysteine, may dangerously stimulate leukotriene synthesis by neutrophils during severe pathogenic infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina A. Golenkina
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Galina M. Viryasova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Svetlana I. Galkina
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Natalia D. Kondratenko
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatjana V. Gaponova
- National Research Center for Hematology, Russia Federation Ministry of Public Health, Moscow, Russia
| | - Yulia M. Romanova
- Department of Genetics and Molecular Biology, Gamaleya National Research Centre of Epidemiology and Microbiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin G. Lyamzaev
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- The “Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology” of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris V. Chernyak
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Galina F. Sud’ina
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
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Zhang T, Jiang J, Liu J, Xu L, Duan S, Sun L, Zhao W, Qian F. MK2 Is Required for Neutrophil-Derived ROS Production and Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:207. [PMID: 32596245 PMCID: PMC7303912 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic disease that is commonly accompanied by increased inflammatory responses and elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) of the gastrointestinal tract. Here, we found that MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2) modulates ROS production and is required for dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced IBD in the mouse model. Genetic ablation of MK2 in the myeloid lineage cells (MK2Lyz2−KO) protected against DSS-induced colitis injury. In response to DSS challenge, compared to MK2lyz2−WT mice, MK2Lyz2−KO mice exhibited less damage of epithelial and goblet cells, decreased generation of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and ROS, as well as reduced Ki67-positive cells and concentrations of myeloperoxidase (MPO) in the intestinal epithelium. Furthermore, upon treatment with formylated peptide N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLF), the generation of ROS was attenuated in MK2-deficient neutrophils, in which the phosphorylation of Akt and p38 MAPK was also reduced. Collectively, these findings indicated that MK2 is required for neutrophil-derived ROS production and IBD, and MK2 and ROS are promising therapeutic targets for IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junhang Jiang
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai Pharmaceuticals Holding Co. Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Jingting Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Xu
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shixin Duan
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lei Sun
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenjuan Zhao
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Qian
- Engineering Research Center of Cell and Therapeutic Antibody, Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.,Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Translational Cancer Research, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, China
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Lim SG, Suk K, Lee WH. LETMD1 Regulates Phagocytosis and Inflammatory Responses to Lipopolysaccharide via Reactive Oxygen Species Generation and NF-κB Activation in Macrophages. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 204:1299-1309. [PMID: 31980577 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1900551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
LETM1 domain-containing protein 1 (LETMD1), also known as HCCR-1, is a mitochondrial protein and is known to regulate p53 and STAT3 activities in cancer cells. In this study, we present, for the first time (to our knowledge), data indicating that LETMD1 suppresses multiple immune responses in monocyte/macrophage lineage cells and mouse primary macrophages. Attenuation of LETMD1 expression with specific small interfering RNA and short hairpin RNA constructs enhanced LPS-induced expressions of inflammatory mediators in macrophages. In addition, LETMD1 attenuation caused potentiation of phagocytosis as well as migration in a macrophage-like cell line, U937. These enhancing effects were associated with altered activation of signaling adaptors (such as NF-κB, MAPKs, p53, and JAK-STAT) involved in TLR4 signaling. Especially, LETMD1 selectively regulated TLR4-induced NF-κB activation via MyD88 but not via TIR-domain-containing adapter-inducing IFN-β (TRIF). Attenuation of LETMD1 expression caused mitochondrial hyperpolarization and subsequent decrease in ATP production and increase in mitochondrial/cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and intracellular calcium levels. LETMD1 attenuation also enhanced LPS-induced expression of NADPH oxidase (NOX) 2, the main producer of cellular ROS in phagocytes, through augmenting IFN regulatory factor 1. Accordingly, treatment with ROS scavenger, NOX2 suppressing agents, or calcium chelators resulted in suppression of LPS-induced cytokine production as well as NF-κB activation in cells with LETMD1 attenuation. These findings reveal a previously unknown function of LETMD1 and provide evidences showing LETMD1 negatively regulates macrophage functions by modulating mitochondrial function, subsequent ROS generation, and NF-κB activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Geun Lim
- School of Life Sciences, Brain Korea 21 Plus/Kyungpook National University Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; and
| | - Kyoungho Suk
- Department of Pharmacology, Brain Science and Engineering Institute, Brain Korea 21 Plus/Kyungpook National University Biomedical Convergence Program, Kyungpook National University School of Medicine, Daegu 41944, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Ha Lee
- School of Life Sciences, Brain Korea 21 Plus/Kyungpook National University Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea; and
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Emmi G, Becatti M, Bettiol A, Hatemi G, Prisco D, Fiorillo C. Behçet's Syndrome as a Model of Thrombo-Inflammation: The Role of Neutrophils. Front Immunol 2019; 10:1085. [PMID: 31139195 PMCID: PMC6527740 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Behçet's syndrome (BS) is a systemic vasculitis, clinically characterized by different organ involvement and often complicated by thrombosis which occurs in vessels of all sizes. Thrombosis is more frequent in male patients with active disease and represents an important cause of morbidity and mortality. Neutrophil involvement in BS has been repeatedly suggested in the last few years. Indeed, neutrophils have been shown to be hyperactivated in BS patients, probably with a HLAB51 related contribution, and represent the main cells infiltrating not only oral and genital ulcers or erythema nodosum, but also other sites. Besides being deputed to host defense against micro-organisms, neutrophils display fundamental roles both in inflammation and tissue damage becoming inappropriately activated by cytokines, chemokines and autoantibodies and subsequently producing large amounts of superoxide anion (O2.) via NADPH oxidase (NOX2). The strict relationship between inflammation and hemostasis has been already demonstrated. Indeed, inflammation and immune-mediated disorders increase the risk of thrombosis, but the pathways that link these processes have not been completely elucidated. In this regard, we recently demonstrated, in a large population of BS patients, a new neutrophil-dependent pathogenetic mechanism of thrombosis. In particular, it was shown that neutrophils, mainly through NADPH oxidase, produce excessive amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which are able to markedly modify the secondary structure of fibrinogen and hence the overall architecture of the fibrin clot that becomes less susceptible to plasmin-induced lysis. These data point out that BS represents “per se” a model of inflammation-induced thrombosis and suggest that neutrophils specifically contribute to thrombo-inflammation in this rare disease. In particular, it is suggested that an alteration in fibrinogen structure and function are associated with enhanced ROS production via neutrophil NADPH oxidase. Altogether, these findings improve our understanding of the intricate pathogenetic mechanisms of thrombo-inflammation and may indicate potential new therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Emmi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Matteo Becatti
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Alessandra Bettiol
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy.,Department of Neurosciences, Psychology, Pharmacology and Child Health (NEUROFARBA), University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Gülen Hatemi
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Istanbul University - Cerrahpaşa, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Domenico Prisco
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
| | - Claudia Fiorillo
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences "Mario Serio", University of Firenze, Firenze, Italy
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Glennon-Alty L, Hackett AP, Chapman EA, Wright HL. Neutrophils and redox stress in the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2018; 125:25-35. [PMID: 29605448 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.03.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 03/22/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Polymorphonuclear leukocytes, or neutrophils, are specialist phagocytic cells of the innate immune system. Their primary role is host defence against micro-organisms, which they kill via phagocytosis, followed by release of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and proteolytic enzymes within the phagosome. ROS are generated via the action of the NADPH oxidase (also known as NOX2), in a process termed the 'Respiratory Burst'. This process consumes large amounts of oxygen, which is converted into the highly-reactive superoxide radical O2- and H2O2. Subsequent activation of myeloperoxidase (MPO) generates secondary oxidants and chloroamines that are highly microbiocidal in nature, which together with proteases such as elastase and gelatinase provide a toxic intra-phagosomal environment able to kill a broad range of micro-organisms. However, under certain circumstances such as during an auto-immune response, neutrophils can be triggered to release ROS and proteases extracellularly causing damage to host tissues, modification of host proteins, lipids and DNA and dysregulation of oxidative homeostasis. This review describes the range of ROS species produced by human neutrophils with a focus on the implications of neutrophil redox products in autoimmune inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence Glennon-Alty
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, 6 West Derby Street, L7 8TX Liverpool, UK; Liverpool Health Partners, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Angela P Hackett
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, 6 West Derby Street, L7 8TX Liverpool, UK
| | - Elinor A Chapman
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, 6 West Derby Street, L7 8TX Liverpool, UK
| | - Helen L Wright
- Department of Musculoskeletal Biology, Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, 6 West Derby Street, L7 8TX Liverpool, UK.
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Yang T, Zhao Z, Liu T, Zhang Z, Wang P, Xu S, Lei XG, Shan A. Oxidative stress induced by Se-deficient high-energy diet implicates neutrophil dysfunction via Nrf2 pathway suppression in swine. Oncotarget 2017; 8:13428-13439. [PMID: 28077800 PMCID: PMC5355109 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanism of the interaction between Se deficiency and high energy remains limited. The aim of the current study was to identify whether Se-deficient, high-energy diet can induce oxidative stress, and downregulate the Nrf2 pathway and phagocytic dysfunction of neutrophils. We detected the phagocytic activity, ROS production, protein levels of Nrf2 and Nrf2 downstream target genes, and the mRNA levels of 25 selenoproteins, heat shock proteins, and cytokines in neutrophils. Cytokine ELISA kits were used to measure the serum cytokines. The concentration of ROS was elevated (P < 0.05) in obese swine fed on a low Se diet (less than 0.03 mg/kg Se) compared to control swine. The protein levels of Nrf2 and its downstream target genes were depressed during Se deficiency and high-energy intake. The mRNA levels of 16 selenoproteins were significantly decreased (P < 0.05) in the Se-deficient group and Se-deficient, high-energy group compared to the control group. However, the mRNA levels of 13 selenoproteins in peripheral blood neutrophils were upregulated in high energy group, except TrxR1, SelI and SepW. In summary, these data indicated that a Se-deficient, high-energy diet inhibits the Nrf2 pathway and its regulation of oxidative stress, and prompted a pleiotropic mechanism that suppresses phagocytosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Yang
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Zeping Zhao
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Tianqi Liu
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Ziwei Zhang
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Pengzu Wang
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
| | - Shiwen Xu
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Animal Cellular and Genetic Engineering of Heilongjiang Province, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, China
| | - Xin Gen Lei
- Department of Animal Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Anshan Shan
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, P. R. China
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Jeraiby M, Sidi Yahya K, Depince-Berger AE, Lambert C. Microbicidal activity measured by flow cytometry: Optimization and standardization for detection of primary and functional deficiencies. J Immunol Methods 2017; 441:8-14. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2016.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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