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Akaike T, Morita M, Ogata S, Yoshitake J, Jung M, Sekine H, Motohashi H, Barayeu U, Matsunaga T. New aspects of redox signaling mediated by supersulfides in health and disease. Free Radic Biol Med 2024; 222:539-551. [PMID: 38992395 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2024.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2024] [Revised: 07/05/2024] [Accepted: 07/08/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
Oxygen molecules accept electrons from the respiratory chain in the mitochondria and are responsible for energy production in aerobic organisms. The reactive oxygen species formed via these oxygen reduction processes undergo complicated electron transfer reactions with other biological substances, which leads to alterations in their physiological functions and cause diverse biological and pathophysiological consequences (e.g., oxidative stress). Oxygen accounts for only a small proportion of the redox reactions in organisms, especially under aerobic or hypoxic conditions but not under anaerobic and hypoxic conditions. This article discusses a completely new concept of redox biology, which is governed by redox-active supersulfides, i.e., sulfur-catenated molecular species. These species are present in abundance in all organisms but remain largely unexplored in terms of redox biology and life science research. In fact, accumulating evidence shows that supersulfides have extensive redox chemical properties and that they can be readily ionized or radicalized to participate in energy metabolism, redox signaling, and oxidative stress responses in cells and in vivo. Thus, pharmacological intervention and medicinal modulation of supersulfide activities have been shown to benefit the regulation of disease pathogenesis as well as disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takaaki Akaike
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan.
| | - Masanobu Morita
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Seiryo Ogata
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Jun Yoshitake
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Minkyung Jung
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sekine
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hozumi Motohashi
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan
| | - Uladzimir Barayeu
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan; Max-Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, 55128, Germany.
| | - Tetsuro Matsunaga
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, 980-8575, Japan; Center for Integrated Control, Epidemiology and Molecular Pathophysiology of Infectious Diseases, Akita University, Akita, 010-8543, Japan.
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Abstract
Significance: Routine exposure to xenobiotics is unavoidable during our lifetimes. Certain xenobiotics are hazardous to human health, and are metabolized in the body to render them less toxic. During this process, several detoxification enzymes cooperatively metabolize xenobiotics. Glutathione (GSH) conjugation plays an important role in the metabolism of electrophilic xenobiotics. Recent Advances: Recent advances in reactive sulfur and supersulfide (RSS) analyses showed that persulfides and polysulfides bound to low-molecular-weight thiols, such as GSH, and to protein thiols are abundant in both eukaryotes and prokaryotes. The highly nucleophilic nature of hydropersulfides and hydropolysulfides contributes to cell protection against oxidative stress and electrophilic stress. Critical Issues: In contrast to GSH conjugation to electrophiles that is aided by glutathione S-transferase (GST), persulfides and polysulfides can directly form conjugates with electrophiles without the catalytic actions of GST. The polysulfur bonds in the conjugates are further reduced by perthioanions and polythioanions derived from RSS to form sulfhydrated metabolites that are no longer electrophilic but rather nucleophilic, and differ from metabolites that are formed via GSH conjugation. Future Directions: In view of the abundance of RSS in cells and tissues, metabolism of xenobiotics that is mediated by RSS warrants additional investigations, such as studies of the impact of microbiota-derived RSS on xenobiotic metabolism. Metabolites formed from reactions between electrophiles and RSS may be potential biomarkers for monitoring exposure to electrophiles and for studying their metabolism by RSS. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 40, 679-690.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianli Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takaaki Akaike
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Sawa
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Cao Q, Liu X, Wang Q, Liu Z, Xia Y, Xun L, Liu H. Rhodobacteraceae methanethiol oxidases catalyze methanethiol degradation to produce sulfane sulfur other than hydrogen sulfide. mBio 2024; 15:e0290723. [PMID: 38329332 PMCID: PMC10936201 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.02907-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Methanethiol (MT) is a sulfur-containing compound produced during dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) degradation by marine bacteria. The C-S bond of MT can be cleaved by methanethiol oxidases (MTOs) to release a sulfur atom. However, the cleaving process remains unclear, and the species of sulfur product is uncertain. It has long been assumed that MTOs produce hydrogen sulfide (H2S) from MT. Herein, we studied the MTOs in the Rhodobacteraceae family-whose members are important DMSP degraders ubiquitous in marine environments. We identified 57 MTOs from 1,904 Rhodobacteraceae genomes. These MTOs were grouped into two major clusters. Cluster 1 members share three conserved cysteine residues, while cluster 2 members contain one conserved cysteine residue. We examined the products of three representative MTOs both in vitro and in vivo. All of them produced sulfane sulfur other than H2S from MT. Their conserved cysteines are substrate-binding sites in which the MTO-S-S-CH3 complex is formed. This finding clarified the sulfur product of MTOs and enlightened the MTO-catalyzing process. Moreover, this study connected DMSP degradation with sulfane sulfur metabolism, filling a critical gap in the DMSP degradation pathway and representing new knowledge in the marine sulfur cycle field. IMPORTANCE This study overthrows a long-time assumption that methanethiol oxidases (MTOs) cleave the C-S bond of methanethiol to produce both H2S and H2O2-the former is a strong reductant and the latter is a strong oxidant. From a chemistry viewpoint, this reaction is difficult to happen. Investigations on three representative MTOs indicated that sulfane sulfur (S0) was the direct product, and no H2O2 was produced. Finally, the products of MTOs were corrected to be S0 and H2O. This finding connected dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) degradation with sulfane sulfur metabolism, filling a critical gap in the DMSP degradation pathway and representing new knowledge in the marine sulfur cycle field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xuanyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Qingda Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zongzheng Liu
- Qingdao Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Qingdao, China
| | - Yongzhen Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Luying Xun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington, USA
| | - Huaiwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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Yu Q, Ran M, Xin Y, Liu H, Liu H, Xia Y, Xun L. The Rhodanese PspE Converts Thiosulfate to Cellular Sulfane Sulfur in Escherichia coli. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12051127. [PMID: 37237993 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12051127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) and its oxidation product zero-valent sulfur (S0) play important roles in animals, plants, and bacteria. Inside cells, S0 exists in various forms, including polysulfide and persulfide, which are collectively referred to as sulfane sulfur. Due to the known health benefits, the donors of H2S and sulfane sulfur have been developed and tested. Among them, thiosulfate is a known H2S and sulfane sulfur donor. We have previously reported that thiosulfate is an effective sulfane sulfur donor in Escherichia coli; however, it is unclear how it converts thiosulfate to cellular sulfane sulfur. In this study, we showed that one of the various rhodaneses, PspE, in E. coli was responsible for the conversion. After the thiosulfate addition, the ΔpspE mutant did not increase cellular sulfane sulfur, but the wild type and the complemented strain ΔpspE::pspE increased cellular sulfane sulfur from about 92 μM to 220 μM and 355 μM, respectively. LC-MS analysis revealed a significant increase in glutathione persulfide (GSSH) in the wild type and the ΔpspE::pspE strain. The kinetic analysis supported that PspE was the most effective rhodanese in E. coli in converting thiosulfate to glutathione persulfide. The increased cellular sulfane sulfur alleviated the toxicity of hydrogen peroxide during E. coli growth. Although cellular thiols might reduce the increased cellular sulfane sulfur to H2S, increased H2S was not detected in the wild type. The finding that rhodanese is required to convert thiosulfate to cellular sulfane sulfur in E. coli may guide the use of thiosulfate as the donor of H2S and sulfane sulfur in human and animal tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoli Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Mingxue Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yuping Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Huaiwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Honglei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yongzhen Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Luying Xun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 991647520, USA
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Nagashima F, Miyazaki Y, Kanemaru E, Ezaka M, Hara H, Sugiura K, Boerboom SL, Ostrom KF, Jiang W, Bloch DB, Ichinose F, Marutani E. Sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase ameliorates neurodegeneration in a murine model of Parkinson's disease. Redox Biol 2022; 59:102562. [PMID: 36470130 PMCID: PMC9722489 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Fumiaki Nagashima
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yusuke Miyazaki
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Eiki Kanemaru
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Mariko Ezaka
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hiroaki Hara
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Kei Sugiura
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sophie L. Boerboom
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katrina F. Ostrom
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Wanlin Jiang
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Donald B. Bloch
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA,Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA,Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Fumito Ichinose
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
| | - Eizo Marutani
- Anesthesia Center for Critical Care Research of the Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
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Shieh M, Xu S, Lederberg OL, Xian M. Detection of sulfane sulfur species in biological systems. Redox Biol 2022; 57:102502. [PMID: 36252340 PMCID: PMC9579362 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2022.102502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfane sulfur species such as hydropersulfides (RSSH), polysulfides (RSnR), and hydrogen polysulfides (H2Sn) are critically involved in sulfur-mediated redox signaling, but their detailed mechanisms of action need further clarification. Therefore, there is a need to develop selective and sensitive sulfane sulfur detection methods to gauge a better understanding of their functions. This review summarizes current detection methods that include cyanolysis, chemical derivatization and mass spectrometry, proteomic analysis, fluorescent probes, and resonance synchronous/Raman spectroscopic methods. The design principles, advantages, applications, and limitations of each method are discussed, along with suggested directions for future research on these methods. The development of robust detection methods for sulfane sulfur species will help to elucidate their mechanisms and functions in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meg Shieh
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Shi Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Oren L Lederberg
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA
| | - Ming Xian
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI, 02912, USA.
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7
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Jiang S, Chen Y. The role of sulfur compounds in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Front Mol Biosci 2022; 9:928287. [PMID: 36339716 PMCID: PMC9626809 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2022.928287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a common respiratory disease that brings about great social and economic burden, with oxidative stress and inflammation affecting the whole disease progress. Sulfur compounds such as hydrogen sulfide (H2S), thiols, and persulfides/polysulfides have intrinsic antioxidant and anti-inflammatory ability, which is engaged in the pathophysiological process of COPD. Hydrogen sulfide mainly exhibits its function by S-sulfidation of the cysteine residue of the targeted proteins. It also interacts with nitric oxide and acts as a potential biomarker for the COPD phenotype. Thiols’ redox buffer such as the glutathione redox couple is a major non-enzymatic redox buffer reflecting the oxidative stress in the organism. The disturbance of redox buffers was often detected in patients with COPD, and redressing the balance could delay COPD exacerbation. Sulfane sulfur refers to a divalent sulfur atom bonded with another sulfur atom. Among them, persulfides and polysulfides have an evolutionarily conserved modification with antiaging effects. Sulfur compounds and their relative signaling pathways are also associated with the development of comorbidities in COPD. Synthetic compounds which can release H2S and persulfides in the organism have gradually been developed. Naturally extracted sulfur compounds with pharmacological effects also aroused great interest. This study discussed the biological functions and mechanisms of sulfur compounds in regulating COPD and its comorbidities.
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Reactive sulfur species and their significance in health and disease. Biosci Rep 2022; 42:231692. [PMID: 36039860 PMCID: PMC9484011 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20221006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Reactive sulfur species (RSS) have been recognized in the last two decades as very important molecules in redox regulation. They are involved in metabolic processes and, in this way, they are responsible for maintenance of health. This review summarizes current information about the essential biological RSS, including H2S, low molecular weight persulfides, protein persulfides as well as organic and inorganic polysulfides, their synthesis, catabolism and chemical reactivity. Moreover, the role of RSS disturbances in various pathologies including vascular diseases, chronic kidney diseases, diabetes mellitus Type 2, neurological diseases, obesity, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and in the most current problem of COVID-19 is presented. The significance of RSS in aging is also mentioned. Finally, the possibilities of using the precursors of various forms of RSS for therapeutic purposes are discussed.
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Investigation of the Role of the TRPA1 Ion Channel in Conveying the Effect of Dimethyl Trisulfide on Vascular and Histological Changes in Serum-Transfer Arthritis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15060671. [PMID: 35745590 PMCID: PMC9229242 DOI: 10.3390/ph15060671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 05/05/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is one of the most prevalent autoimmune diseases. Its therapy is often challenging, even in the era of biologicals. Previously, we observed the anti-inflammatory effects of garlic-derived organic polysulfide dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS). Some of these effects were mediated by activation of the TRPA1 ion channel. TRPA1 was mostly expressed in a subset of nociceptor neurons. We decided to investigate the action of DMTS in K/BxN serum-transfer arthritis, which is a relevant model of RA. TRPA1 gene knockout (KO) and wild-type (WT) mice were used. The interaction of DMTS and TRPA1 was examined using a patch clamp in CHO cells. Arthritis was characterized by mechanical hyperalgesia, paw swelling, movement range of the ankle joint, hanging performance, plasma extravasation rate, myeloperoxidase activity, and histological changes in the tibiotarsal joint. DMTS activated TRPA1 channels dose-dependently. DMTS treatment reduced paw swelling and plasma extravasation in both TRPA1 WT and KO animals. DMTS-treated TRPA1 KO animals developed milder collagen deposition in the inflamed joints than WT ones. TRPA1 WT mice did not exhibit significant cartilage damage compared to ones administered a vehicle. We concluded that DMTS and related substances might evolve into novel complementary therapeutic aids for RA patients.
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Roda B, Zhang N, Gambari L, Grigolo B, Eller-Vainicher C, Gennari L, Zappi A, Giordani S, Marassi V, Zattoni A, Reschiglian P, Grassi F. Optimization of a Monobromobimane (MBB) Derivatization and RP-HPLC-FLD Detection Method for Sulfur Species Measurement in Human Serum after Sulfur Inhalation Treatment. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11050939. [PMID: 35624802 PMCID: PMC9138032 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11050939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a widely recognized gasotransmitter, with key roles in physiological and pathological processes. The accurate quantification of H2S and reactive sulfur species (RSS) may hold important implications for the diagnosis and prognosis of diseases. However, H2S species quantification in biological matrices is still a challenge. Among the sulfide detection methods, monobromobimane (MBB) derivatization coupled with reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) is one of the most reported. However, it is characterized by a complex preparation and time-consuming process, which may alter the actual H2S level; moreover, a quantitative validation has still not been described. (2) Methods: We developed and validated an improved analytical protocol for the MBB RP-HPLC method. MBB concentration, temperature and sample handling were optimized, and the calibration method was validated using leave-one-out cross-validation and tested in a clinical setting. (3) Results: The method shows high sensitivity and allows the quantification of H2S species, with a limit of detection of 0.5 µM. Finally, it can be successfully applied in measurements of H2S levels in the serum of patients subjected to inhalation with vapors rich in H2S. (4) Conclusions: These data demonstrate that the proposed method is precise and reliable for measuring H2S species in biological matrices and can be used to provide key insights into the etiopathogenesis of several diseases and sulfur-based treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Roda
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (N.Z.); (A.Z.); (S.G.); (V.M.); (A.Z.); (P.R.)
- byFlow SRL, 40129 Bologna, Italy
- Correspondence: (B.R.); (F.G.)
| | - Nan Zhang
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (N.Z.); (A.Z.); (S.G.); (V.M.); (A.Z.); (P.R.)
| | - Laura Gambari
- Laboratorio RAMSES, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (L.G.); (B.G.)
| | - Brunella Grigolo
- Laboratorio RAMSES, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (L.G.); (B.G.)
| | - Cristina Eller-Vainicher
- Unit of Endocrinology, Fondazione Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico Ca’ Granda-Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milan, Italy;
| | - Luigi Gennari
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neurosciences, University of Siena, 53100 Siena, Italy;
| | - Alessandro Zappi
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (N.Z.); (A.Z.); (S.G.); (V.M.); (A.Z.); (P.R.)
| | - Stefano Giordani
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (N.Z.); (A.Z.); (S.G.); (V.M.); (A.Z.); (P.R.)
| | - Valentina Marassi
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (N.Z.); (A.Z.); (S.G.); (V.M.); (A.Z.); (P.R.)
- byFlow SRL, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Zattoni
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (N.Z.); (A.Z.); (S.G.); (V.M.); (A.Z.); (P.R.)
- byFlow SRL, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Pierluigi Reschiglian
- Department of Chemistry “G. Ciamician”, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (N.Z.); (A.Z.); (S.G.); (V.M.); (A.Z.); (P.R.)
- byFlow SRL, 40129 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Grassi
- Laboratorio RAMSES, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, 40136 Bologna, Italy; (L.G.); (B.G.)
- Correspondence: (B.R.); (F.G.)
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Wang T, Yang Y, Liu M, Liu H, Liu H, Xia Y, Xun L. Elemental Sulfur Inhibits Yeast Growth via Producing Toxic Sulfide and Causing Disulfide Stress. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11030576. [PMID: 35326226 PMCID: PMC8945482 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11030576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Elemental sulfur is a common fungicide, but its inhibition mechanism is unclear. Here, we investigated the effects of elemental sulfur on the single-celled fungus Saccharomyces cerevisiae and showed that the inhibition was due to its function as a strong oxidant. It rapidly entered S. cerevisiae. Inside the cytoplasm, it reacted with glutathione to generate glutathione persulfide that then reacted with another glutathione to produce H2S and glutathione disulfide. H2S reversibly inhibited the oxygen consumption by the mitochondrial electron transport chain, and the accumulation of glutathione disulfide caused disulfide stress and increased reactive oxygen species in S. cerevisiae. Elemental sulfur inhibited the growth of S. cerevisiae; however, it did not kill the yeast for up to 2 h exposure. The combined action of elemental sulfur and hosts’ immune responses may lead to the demise of fungal pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; (T.W.); (Y.Y.); (M.L.); (H.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Yuqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; (T.W.); (Y.Y.); (M.L.); (H.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Menghui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; (T.W.); (Y.Y.); (M.L.); (H.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Honglei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; (T.W.); (Y.Y.); (M.L.); (H.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Huaiwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; (T.W.); (Y.Y.); (M.L.); (H.L.); (H.L.)
| | - Yongzhen Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; (T.W.); (Y.Y.); (M.L.); (H.L.); (H.L.)
- Correspondence: (Y.X.); (L.X.); Tel.: +86-532-58631572 (Y.X.); +1-509-335-2787 (L.X.)
| | - Luying Xun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao 266237, China; (T.W.); (Y.Y.); (M.L.); (H.L.); (H.L.)
- School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 991647520, USA
- Correspondence: (Y.X.); (L.X.); Tel.: +86-532-58631572 (Y.X.); +1-509-335-2787 (L.X.)
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12
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The pathway of sulfide oxidation to octasulfur globules in the cytoplasm of aerobic bacteria. Appl Environ Microbiol 2021; 88:e0194121. [PMID: 34878813 DOI: 10.1128/aem.01941-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Sulfur-oxidizing bacteria can oxidize hydrogen sulfide (H2S) to produce sulfur globules. Although the process is common, the pathway is unclear. In recombinant Escherichia coli and wild-type Corynebacterium vitaeruminis DSM20294 with SQR but no enzymes to oxidize zero valence sulfur, SQR oxidized H2S into short-chain inorganic polysulfide (H2Sn, n≥2) and organic polysulfide (RSnH, n≥2), which reacted with each other to form long-chain GSnH (n≥2) and H2Sn before producing octasulfur (S8), the main component of elemental sulfur. GSnH also reacted with GSH to form GSnG (n≥2) and H2S; H2S was again oxidized by SQR. After GSH was depleted, SQR simply oxidized H2S to H2Sn, which spontaneously generated S8. S8 aggregated into sulfur globules in the cytoplasm. The results highlight the process of sulfide oxidation to S8 globules in the bacterial cytoplasm and demonstrate the potential of using heterotrophic bacteria with SQR to convert toxic H2S into relatively benign S8 globules. IMPORTANCE Our results support a process of H2S oxidation to produce octasulfur globules via SQR catalysis and spontaneous reactions in the bacterial cytoplasm. Since the process is an important event in geochemical cycling, a better understanding facilitates further studies and provides theoretical support for using heterotrophic bacteria with SQR to oxidize toxic H2S into sulfur globules for recovery.
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13
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Wang Q, Chen Z, Zhang X, Xin Y, Xia Y, Xun L, Liu H. Rhodanese Rdl2 produces reactive sulfur species to protect mitochondria from reactive oxygen species. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 177:287-298. [PMID: 34748908 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondria damage is related to a broad spectrum of pathologies including Alzheimer's, Parkinson's disease, and carcinogenesis. Recently, it has been found that reactive sulfur species (RSS) has a close connection with mitochondrial health. However, the enzyme involving in mitochondrial RSS generation and the mechanism of how RSS affects mitochondrial health are not well understood. In this study, we discovered that rhodanese 2 (Rdl2) is the main enzyme responsible for RSS generation in S. cerevisiae mitochondria, in which no sulfide:quinone oxidoreductase (Sqr) is present. Rdl2 releases sulfane sulfur atoms (S0) from stable S0 carriers (thiosulfate and dialkyl polysulfide) to produce RSS. Rdl2 deletion leads to morphological change, dysfunction, and DNA degradation of mitochondria. Rdl2-generated RSS can protect DNA from HO• attack. The reaction rate between RSS and HO• is ∼1010 M-1s-1, two magnitudes higher than that of HO• reacting with DNA. Surprisingly, hydrogen sulfide (H2S) promotes HO• production through stimulating the Fenton reaction, leading to increased DNA damage. This study highlights the antioxidation function of RSS in vivo and sheds a light on the elusive connection between RSS biogenesis and mitochondrial health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingda Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Zhigang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Xi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Yuping Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Yongzhen Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China
| | - Luying Xun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China; Department of Chemistry, School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-4630, USA.
| | - Huaiwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, PR China.
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Wang Q, Li H, Xia Y, Xun L, Liu H. Saccharomyces cerevisiae Rhodanese RDL2 Uses the Arg Residue of the Active-Site Loop for Thiosulfate Decomposition. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10101525. [PMID: 34679660 PMCID: PMC8533005 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10101525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 09/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Persulfide, polysulfide and thiosulfate are examples of sulfane sulfur containing chemicals that play multiple functions in biological systems. Rhodaneses are widely present in all three kingdoms of life, which catalyze sulfur transfer among these sulfane sulfur-containing chemicals. The mechanism of how rhodaneses function is not well understood. Saccharomyces cerevisiae rhodanese 2 (RDL2) is involved in mitochondrial biogenesis and cell cycle control. Herein, we report a 2.47 Å resolution structure of RDL2 co-crystallized with thiosulfate (PDB entry: 6K6R). The presence of an extra sulfur atom Sδ, forming a persulfide bond with the Sγ atom of Cys106, was observed. Distinct from the persulfide groups in GlpE (PDB entry:1GMX) and rhobov (PDB entry:1BOI), the persulfide group of RDL2 is located in a peanut-like pocket of the neutral electrostatic field and is far away from positively charged amino acid residues of its active-site loop, suggesting no interaction between them. This finding suggests that the positively charged amino acid residues are not involved in the stabilization of the persulfide group. Activity assays indicate that the Arg111 of the active-site loop is critical for the sulfane sulfur transfer. In vitro assays indicate that Arg propels the thiosulfate decomposition. Thus, we propose that Arg can offer a hydrogen bond-rich, acidic-like microenvironment in RDL2 in which thiosulfate decomposes to release sulfane sulfur. Thr of the active-site loop of rhodaneses has the same functions as Arg. Our proposal may explain the catalyzing mechanism of rhodaneses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingda Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Q.W.); (Y.X.); (L.X.)
| | - Huanjie Li
- School of Medicine, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan 260024, China;
| | - Yongzhen Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Q.W.); (Y.X.); (L.X.)
| | - Luying Xun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Q.W.); (Y.X.); (L.X.)
- Department of Chemistry, School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164-4630, USA
| | - Huaiwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (Q.W.); (Y.X.); (L.X.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-532-5863-1572
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15
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Dillon KM, Matson JB. A Review of Chemical Tools for Studying Small Molecule Persulfides: Detection and Delivery. ACS Chem Biol 2021; 16:1128-1141. [PMID: 34114796 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.1c00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has gained significant attention as a potent bioregulator in the redox metabolome, but it is just one of many reactive sulfur species (RSS). Recently, small molecule persulfides (structure RSSH) have emerged as RSS of particular interest due to their enhanced antioxidant abilities compared to H2S and their ability to directly convert protein thiols into protein persulfides, suggesting that persulfides may have distinct physiological functions from H2S. However, persulfides exhibit instability and cross-reactivity that hampers the elucidation of their precise biological roles. As such, chemists have designed chemical tools and techniques to facilitate the study of persulfides under various conditions. These molecules and methods include persulfide trapping reagents and sensors, as well as compounds that degrade in response to various triggers to release persulfides, termed persulfide donors. There now exist a variety of persulfide donor classes, some of which possess tissue-targeting capabilities designed to mimic localized endogenous production of RSS. This Review briefly covers the physicochemical properties of persulfides, the endogenous production of small molecule persulfides, and their reactions with protein thiols and other reactive species. These introductory sections are followed by a discussion of chemical tools used in persulfide chemical biology, with critical analysis of recent advancements in the field and commentary on potential directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kearsley M. Dillon
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
| | - John B. Matson
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Tech Center for Drug Discovery, and Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
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16
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Dimethyl Trisulfide Diminishes Traumatic Neuropathic Pain Acting on TRPA1 Receptors in Mice. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073363. [PMID: 33806000 PMCID: PMC8036544 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacotherapy of neuropathic pain is still challenging. Our earlier work indicated an analgesic effect of dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), which was mediated by somatostatin released from nociceptor nerve endings acting on SST4 receptors. Somatostatin release occurred due to TRPA1 ion channel activation. In the present study, we investigated the effect of DMTS in neuropathic pain evoked by partial ligation of the sciatic nerve in mice. Expression of the mRNA of Trpa1 in murine dorsal-root-ganglion neurons was detected by RNAscope. Involvement of TRPA1 ion channels and SST4 receptors was tested with gene-deleted animals. Macrophage activity at the site of the nerve lesion was determined by lucigenin bioluminescence. Density and activation of microglia in the spinal cord dorsal horn was verified by immunohistochemistry and image analysis. Trpa1 mRNA is expressed in peptidergic and non-peptidergic neurons in the dorsal root ganglion. DMTS ameliorated neuropathic pain in Trpa1 and Sstr4 WT mice, but not in KO ones. DMTS had no effect on macrophage activity around the damaged nerve. Microglial density in the dorsal horn was reduced by DMTS independently from TRPA1. No effect on microglial activation was detected. DMTS might offer a novel therapeutic opportunity in the complementary treatment of neuropathic pain.
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17
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Kasamatsu S, Ihara H. Regulation of redox signaling by reactive sulfur species. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2021; 68:111-115. [PMID: 33879961 PMCID: PMC8046004 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.20-124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive sulfur species, such as cysteine persulfide, are produced endogenously at significant levels in cells and have rapidly emerged as common biomolecules. By virtue of improved analytical methods for detecting reactive persulfides, it has been demonstrated that these reactive molecules exhibit unique chemical properties and are present in various forms in vivo. Accumulating evidence has suggested that persulfides may be involved in a variety of biological processes, such as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory responses, biosynthesis of sulfur-containing molecules, mitochondrial energy metabolism via sulfur respiration, and cytoprotection via regulation of redox signal transduction induced by endogenous and exogenous electrophiles. Elucidation of the persulfide-dependent metabolism of redox signals is expected to facilitate our understanding of the importance of persulfides in regulating redox signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Kasamatsu
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
| | - Hideshi Ihara
- Department of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka Prefecture University, 1-1 Gakuen-cho, Sakai, Osaka 599-8531, Japan
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18
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A Red Fluorescent Protein-Based Probe for Detection of Intracellular Reactive Sulfane Sulfur. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9100985. [PMID: 33066305 PMCID: PMC7602056 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9100985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Revised: 09/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Reactive sulfane sulfur, including persulfide and polysulfide, is a type of regular cellular component, playing an antioxidant role. Its function may be organelle-dependent; however, the shortage of probes for detecting organellar reactive sulfane sulfur has hindered further investigation. Herein, we reported a red fluorescent protein (mCherry)-based probe for specifically detecting intracellular reactive sulfane sulfur. By mutating two amino acid residues of mCherry (A150 and S151) to cysteine residues, we constructed a mCherry mutant, which reacted with reactive sulfane sulfur to form an intramolecular –Sn– bond (n ≥ 3). The bond largely decreased the intensity of 610 nm emission (excitation at 587 nm) and slightly increased the intensity of 466 nm emission (excitation at 406 nm). The 466/610 nm emission ratio was used to indicate the relative abundance of reactive sulfane sulfur. We then expressed this mutant in the cytoplasm and mitochondria of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The 466/610 nm emission ratio revealed that mitochondria had a higher level of reactive sulfane sulfur than cytoplasm. Thus, the mCherry mutant can be used as a specific probe for detecting reactive sulfane sulfur in vivo.
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19
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Enzymatic Regulation and Biological Functions of Reactive Cysteine Persulfides and Polysulfides. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10091245. [PMID: 32867265 PMCID: PMC7563103 DOI: 10.3390/biom10091245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2020] [Revised: 08/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Cysteine persulfide (CysSSH) and cysteine polysulfides (CysSSnH, n > 1) are cysteine derivatives that have sulfane sulfur atoms bound to cysteine thiol. Advances in analytical methods that detect and quantify persulfides and polysulfides have shown that CysSSH and related species such as glutathione persulfide occur physiologically and are prevalent in prokaryotes, eukaryotes, and mammals in vivo. The chemical properties and abundance of these compounds suggest a central role for reactive persulfides in cell-regulatory processes. CysSSH and related species have been suggested to act as powerful antioxidants and cellular protectants and may serve as redox signaling intermediates. It was recently shown that cysteinyl-tRNA synthetase (CARS) is a new cysteine persulfide synthase. In addition, we discovered that CARS is involved in protein polysulfidation that is coupled with translation. Mitochondrial activity in biogenesis and bioenergetics is supported and upregulated by CysSSH derived from mitochondrial CARS. In this review article, we discuss the mechanisms of the biosynthesis of CysSSH and related persulfide species, with a particular focus on the roles of CARS. We also review the antioxidative and anti-inflammatory actions of persulfides.
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20
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Zhang T, Tsutsuki H, Ono K, Akaike T, Sawa T. Antioxidative and anti-inflammatory actions of reactive cysteine persulfides. J Clin Biochem Nutr 2020; 68:5-8. [PMID: 33536706 PMCID: PMC7844669 DOI: 10.3164/jcbn.20-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cysteine persulfide (CysSSH) and polysulfides (CysS[S]nH, n>1) are cysteine derivatives having sulfane sulfur atoms bound to cysteine thiol. Recent advances in the development of analytical methods for detection and quantification of persulfides and polysulfides have revealed the biological presence, in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes, of persulfide/polysulfide in diverse forms such as CysSSH, glutathione persulfide and protein persulfides. Accumulating evidence has suggested that persulfide/polysulfide species may involve in a variety of biological events such as biosyntheses of sulfur-containing molecules, tRNA modification, regulation of redox-dependent signal transduction, mitochondrial energy metabolism via sulfur respiration, cytoprotection from oxidative stress via their antioxidant activities, and anti-inflammation against Toll-like receptor-mediated inflammatory responses. Development of chemical sulfur donors may facilitate further understanding of physiological and pathophysiological roles of persulfide/polysulfide species, including regulatory roles of these species in immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianli Zhang
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Hiroyasu Tsutsuki
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Katushiko Ono
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
| | - Takaaki Akaike
- Department of Environmental Medicine and Molecular Toxicology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Sawa
- Department of Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto 860-8556, Japan
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21
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Ran M, Wang T, Shao M, Chen Z, Liu H, Xia Y, Xun L. Sensitive Method for Reliable Quantification of Sulfane Sulfur in Biological Samples. Anal Chem 2019; 91:11981-11986. [PMID: 31436086 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b02875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Sulfane sulfur has been recognized as a common cellular component, participating in regulating enzyme activities and signaling pathways. However, the quantification of total sulfane sulfur in biological samples is still a challenge. Here, we developed a method to address the need. All tested sulfane sulfur reacted with sulfite and quantitatively converted to thiosulfate when heated at 95 °C in a solution of pH 9.5 for 10 min. The assay condition was also sufficient to convert total sulfane sulfur in biological samples to thiosulfate for further derivatization and quantification. We applied the method to detect sulfane sulfur contents at different growth phases of bacteria, yeast, mammalian cells, and zebrafish. Total sulfane sulfur contents in all of them increased in the early stage, kept at a steady state for a period, and declined sharply in the late stage of the growth. Sulfane sulfur contents varied in different species. For Escherichia coli, growth media also affected the sulfane sulfur contents. Total sulfane sulfur contents from different organs of mouse and shrimp were also detected, varying from 1 to 10 nmol/(mg of protein). Thus, the new method is suitable for the quantification of total sulfane sulfur in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingxue Ran
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , People's Republic of China.,Institute of Marine Science and Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , People's Republic of China
| | - Tianqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Shao
- School of Life Science , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , People's Republic of China
| | - Zhigang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , People's Republic of China
| | - Huaiwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , People's Republic of China
| | - Yongzhen Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , People's Republic of China
| | - Luying Xun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology , Shandong University , Qingdao 266237 , People's Republic of China.,School of Molecular Biosciences , Washington State University , Pullman , Washington 99164-7520 , United States
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22
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Liu H, Wang Q, Li H, Xun L. Response on "commentary on "using resonance synchronous spectroscopy to characterize the reactivity and electrophilicity of biologically relevant sulfane sulfur". Evidence that the methodology is inadequate because it only measures unspecific light scattering". The evidence is incorrect. Redox Biol 2019; 26:101312. [PMID: 31494071 PMCID: PMC6831890 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Accepted: 08/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Huaiwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingda Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China; School of Medicine, Shandong University, 44 Wenhua Xi Road, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Luying Xun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China; School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-7520, USA.
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23
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Hou N, Yan Z, Fan K, Li H, Zhao R, Xia Y, Xun L, Liu H. OxyR senses sulfane sulfur and activates the genes for its removal in Escherichia coli. Redox Biol 2019; 26:101293. [PMID: 31421411 PMCID: PMC6831875 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 07/24/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Sulfane sulfur species including hydrogen polysulfide and organic persulfide are newly recognized normal cellular components, and they participate in signaling and protect cells from oxidative stress. Their production has been extensively studied, but their removal is less characterized. Herein, we showed that sulfane sulfur at high levels was toxic to Escherichia coli under both anaerobic and aerobic conditions. OxyR, a well-known regulator against H2O2, also sensed sulfane sulfur, as revealed via mutational analysis, constructed gene circuits, and in vitro gene expression. Hydrogen polysulfide modified OxyR at Cys199 to form a persulfide OxyR C199-SSH, and the modified OxyR activated the expression of thioredoxin 2 and glutaredoxin 1. The two enzymes are known to reduce sulfane sulfur to hydrogen sulfide. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that OxyR homologs are widely present in bacteria, including obligate anaerobic bacteria. Thus, the OxyR sensing of sulfane sulfur may represent a preserved mechanism for bacteria to deal with sulfane sulfur stress. OxyR also senses sulfane sulfur stress and activates the genes for its removal. OxyR senses hydrogen polysulfide via persulfidation of OxyR at Cys199. OxyR responds to sulfane sulfur stress under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. OxyR is widely distributed in bacterial genomes, including anaerobic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ningke Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenzhen Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaili Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Huanjie Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Yongzhen Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China
| | - Luying Xun
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China; School of Molecular Biosciences, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, 99164-7520, USA.
| | - Huaiwei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, People's Republic of China.
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24
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Cuevasanta E, Benchoam D, Ferrer-Sueta G, Zeida A, Denicola A, Alvarez B, Möller MN. Commentary on "Using resonance synchronous spectroscopy to characterize the reactivity and electrophilicity of biologically relevant sulfane sulfur". Evidence that the methodology is inadequate because it only measures unspecific light scattering. Redox Biol 2019; 26:101281. [PMID: 31351822 PMCID: PMC6831858 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2019.101281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Revised: 07/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ernesto Cuevasanta
- Laboratorio de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11800, Uruguay; Unidad de Bioquímica Analítica, Centro de Investigaciones Nucleares, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay.
| | - Dayana Benchoam
- Laboratorio de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11800, Uruguay
| | - Gerardo Ferrer-Sueta
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11800, Uruguay; Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay
| | - Ari Zeida
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11800, Uruguay; Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11800, Uruguay
| | - Ana Denicola
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11800, Uruguay; Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay
| | - Beatriz Alvarez
- Laboratorio de Enzimología, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay; Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11800, Uruguay
| | - Matías N Möller
- Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11800, Uruguay; Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica Biológica, Instituto de Química Biológica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, 11400, Uruguay.
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