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Zhou Z, Ryan J, Nelson MR, Woods RL, Orchard SG, Zhu C, Gilmartin-Thomas JFM, Fravel MA, Owen AJ, Murray AM, Espinoza SE, Ernst ME. The association of allopurinol with persistent physical disability and frailty in a large community based older cohort. J Am Geriatr Soc 2023; 71:2798-2809. [PMID: 37158186 PMCID: PMC10524392 DOI: 10.1111/jgs.18395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The protective effects of allopurinol on physical function in older adults are not well understood, despite its potential to improve functional gains and reduce sarcopenia. This study aims to determine the association between allopurinol, persistent physical disability, and frailty in older gout patients. METHODS This analysis used data from a randomized trial in an older cohort, ASPirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE). ASPREE recruited 19,114 participants aged ≥65 years without prior cardiovascular events, dementia, or independence-limiting physical disability at trial enrolment. This analysis examined the association of baseline and time-varying allopurinol use with persistent physical disability and new-onset frailty in participants with gout at baseline (self-report or use of any anti-gout medications). Frailty was measured using the Fried frailty phenotype (score ≥3/5) and a deficit accumulation frailty index (FI) (score >0.21/1.0). Multivariable Cox proportional-hazards models were used for main analyses. RESULTS This analysis included 1155 gout participants, with 630 taking allopurinol at baseline and 525 not. During a median follow-up of 5.7 years, 113 new allopurinol users were identified. Compared with nonusers, baseline allopurinol use was associated with a significant risk reduction of persistent physical disability (Adjusted HR 0.46, 95% CI 0.23-0.92, p = 0.03). The strength of the association was modestly attenuated in the time-varying analysis (Adjusted HR 0.56, 0.29-1.08, p = 0.08). No significant associations with frailty measures were observed for either baseline allopurinol use (Fried frailty: Adjusted HR 0.83, 0.62-1.12; FI: Adjusted HR 0.96, 0.74-1.24) or time-varying allopurinol use (Fried frailty: Adjusted HR 0.92, 0.69-1.24; FI: Adjusted HR 1.02, 0.78-1.33). CONCLUSIONS Allopurinol use in older adults with gout is associated with a reduced risk of persistent physical disability but not associated with risk of frailty.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhou
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Joanne Ryan
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Mark R. Nelson
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, TAS, Australia
| | - Robyn L. Woods
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Suzanne G. Orchard
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Chao Zhu
- Department of Neuroscience, Central Clinical School, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Julia F-M Gilmartin-Thomas
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Institute for Health & Sport, Victoria University, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science, VIC, Australia
| | - Michelle A. Fravel
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
| | - Alice J. Owen
- School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Anne M. Murray
- Berman Center for Outcomes & Clinical Research, Hennepin HealthCare Research Institute, and Department of Medicine, Geriatrics Division, Hennepin Healthcare, Minneapolis, MN, USA
| | - Sara E. Espinoza
- University of Texas Health Science Center and Geriatric Research, Education & Clinical Center, San Antonio and South Texas Veterans Health Care System, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Michael E. Ernst
- Department of Pharmacy Practice and Science, College of Pharmacy, The University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
- Department of Family Medicine, Carver College of Medicine, The University of Iowa, Iowa, IA, USA
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Sun L, Fu J, Mu Z, Duan X, Chan P, Xiu S. Association between body fat and sarcopenia in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A cross-sectional study. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1094075. [PMID: 36777353 PMCID: PMC9911832 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1094075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the association between body fat (BF%) and sarcopenia in older adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and potential link with increased levels of inflammatory indicators and insulin resistance. METHODS A total of 543 older adults with T2DM were included in this cross-sectional study. Appendicular skeletal muscle (ASM), handgrip strength and gait speed were measured to diagnose sarcopenia according to the updated Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria. Body composition data were tested using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Levels of serum high-sensitive C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), interleukin-6, fasting blood insulin (FINS), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH) D3] were also determined. RESULTS The prevalence of sarcopenia in all participants was 8.84%, of which 11.90% were male and 5.84% females. The Pearson's correlation analysis revealed that BF% was negatively correlated with gait speed in men and women (R =-0.195, P=0.001; R = -0.136, P =0.025, respectively). After adjusting for all potential confounders, sarcopenia was positive associated with BF% (male, OR: 1.38, 95% CI: 1.15-1.65, P< 0.001; female, OR: 1.30, 95% CI: 1.07-1.56, P=0.007), and negatively associated with body mass index (BMI) (male, OR: 0.57, 95% CI: 0.44-0.73, P<0.001; female, OR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.33-0.70, P<0.001). No significant differences were found in hs-CRP, interleukin-6, and insulin resistance between older T2DM adults with and without sarcopenia. CONCLUSION Higher BF% was linked to an increased risk of sarcopenia in older adults with T2DM, suggesting the importance of assessing BF% rather than BMI alone to manage sarcopenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Sun
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Junling Fu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhijing Mu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoye Duan
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Piu Chan
- National Clinical Research Center for Geriatric Disorders, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurobiology, Neurology and Geriatrics, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Advanced Innovation Center for Human Brain Protection, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Key Laboratory for Neurodegenerative Disease of the Ministry of Education, Clinical Center for Parkinson’s Disease, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory for Parkinson’s Disease, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Piu Chan, ; Shuangling Xiu,
| | - Shuangling Xiu
- Department of Endocrinology, Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Piu Chan, ; Shuangling Xiu,
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Meza-Valderrama D, Marco E, Muñoz-Redondo E, Morgado-Pérez A, Sánchez MT, Curbelo Peña Y, De Jaime E, Canchucaja L, Meza Concepción F, Perkisas S, Sánchez-Rodríguez D. Musculoskeletal Ultrasound Shows Muscle Mass Changes during Post-Acute Care Hospitalization in Older Men: A Prospective Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:15150. [PMID: 36429869 PMCID: PMC9690008 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192215150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to prospectively assess changes in muscle thickness (MT) and the cross-sectional area (CSA) of the rectus femoris (RF) muscle in a cohort of older adults, using musculoskeletal ultrasound at admission and at a 2-week follow-up during hospitalization in a post-acute care unit. Differences in frailty status and correlations of MT-RF and CSA-RF with current sarcopenia diagnostic criteria were also studied. Forty adults aged 79.5 (SD 9.5) years (57.5% women) participated, including 14 with frailty and 26 with pre-frailty. In the first week follow-up, men had a significant increase in MT (0.9 mm [95%CI 0.3 to 1.4], p = 0.003) and CSA (0.4 cm2 [95%CI 0.1 to 0.6], p = 0.007). During the second week, men continued to have a significant increase in MT (0.7 mm [95%CI 0.0 to 1.4], p = 0.036) and CSA (0.6 cm2 [95%CI 0.01 to 1.2], p = 0.048). Patients with frailty had lower values of MT-RF and CSA-RF at admission and during the hospitalization period. A moderate-to-good correlation of MT-RF and CSA with handgrip strength, fat-free mass and gait speed was observed. Musculoskeletal ultrasound was able to detect MT-RF and CSA-RF changes in older adults admitted to a post-acute care unit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Delky Meza-Valderrama
- Rehabilitation Research Group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, National Institute of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Vía Centenario, Diagonal a la Universidad Tecnológica de Panamá, Panama City 0819, Panama
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Caja de Seguro Social, Calle de Circunvalación, Panama City 0844, Panama
| | - Ester Marco
- Rehabilitation Research Group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Parc de Salut Mar (Hospital del Mar, Hospital de l’Esperança), Sant Josep de la Muntanya 12, 08024 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- School of Medicine, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Plaça de la Mercè, 10-12, 08002 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Elena Muñoz-Redondo
- Rehabilitation Research Group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Parc de Salut Mar (Hospital del Mar, Hospital de l’Esperança), Sant Josep de la Muntanya 12, 08024 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Andrea Morgado-Pérez
- Rehabilitation Research Group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Parc de Salut Mar (Hospital del Mar, Hospital de l’Esperança), Sant Josep de la Muntanya 12, 08024 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Marta Tejero Sánchez
- Rehabilitation Research Group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Parc de Salut Mar (Hospital del Mar, Hospital de l’Esperança), Sant Josep de la Muntanya 12, 08024 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Yulibeth Curbelo Peña
- Rehabilitation Research Group, Hospital del Mar Research Institute, Dr. Aiguader, 88, 08003 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Parc de Salut Mar (Hospital del Mar, Hospital de l’Esperança), Sant Josep de la Muntanya 12, 08024 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Elisabeth De Jaime
- Geriatric Department, Centre Fòrum-Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Llull, 410, 08029 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Lizzeth Canchucaja
- Geriatric Department, Centre Fòrum-Hospital del Mar, Parc de Salut Mar, Llull, 410, 08029 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Frank Meza Concepción
- Complejo Hospitalario Dr. Arnulfo Arias Madrid, Caja de Seguro Social, Ave. Simón Bolívar, Panama City 07096, Panama
| | - Stany Perkisas
- University Center of Geriatrics, Antwerp University, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
- First Line and Interdisciplinary Care Medicine, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, 2610 Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Dolores Sánchez-Rodríguez
- Geriatrics Department, Brugmann University Hospital, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Place A. Van Gehuchten 4, 1020 Brussels, Belgium
- WHO Collaborating Centre for Public Health Aspects of Musculoskeletal Health and Ageing, Division of Public Health, Epidemiology and Health Economics, University of Liège, Place du 20 Août 7, 4000 Liege, Belgium
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Liu X, Chen X, Hu F, Xia X, Hou L, Zhang G, Peng X, Sun X, Luo S, Yue J, Dong B. Higher uric acid serum levels are associated with sarcopenia in west China: a cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr 2022; 22:121. [PMID: 35151263 PMCID: PMC8841067 DOI: 10.1186/s12877-022-02817-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Sarcopenia is the decline in muscle strength and mass attributed to aging. The pathogenesis of sarcopenia may be triggered by oxidative stress and uric acid (UA) has strong antioxidant properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between UA and sarcopenia in community-dwelling adults of West China using the baseline data of West China Health and Aging Trend (WCHAT) study.
Design
A cross-sectional study.
Methods
4236 adults aged 50 years or older in communities of west China were enrolled in this study. We applied Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) 2019 criteria to define sarcopenia. Muscle mass was measured using skeletal muscle index (SMI) based on bioimpedance analysis (BIA). Handgrip strength (HGS) and gait speed (GS) were recorded, respectively. Different variables like anthropometry measures, life styles, chronic disease and blood test were collected. General linear model was done to investigate the relationship between UA and HGS/GS/SMI, adjusting age, ethnic groups, sleeping quality, education level, cognitive function, smoking history, drinking history, ADL score, and chronic disease.
Results
Participants were grouped according to UA quartiles by gender. After adjusting for potential confounders, a negative association between serum UA levels and sarcopenia was shown both in men and women. And a significant association between serum UA levels and HGS in women was shown as an inverted J shape. Besides, a positive association between the UA quartiles and SMI was observed, irrespective of gender.
Conclusions
Our results showed that higher uric acid levels were significantly correlated with higher muscle mass and grip strength among Chinese adults aged over 50. Higher UA serum levels might slow down the progression of sarcopenia.
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Yin L, Li N, Jia W, Wang N, Liang M, Yang X, Du G. Skeletal muscle atrophy: From mechanisms to treatments. Pharmacol Res 2021; 172:105807. [PMID: 34389456 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Skeletal muscle is a crucial tissue for movement, gestural assistance, metabolic homeostasis, and thermogenesis. It makes up approximately 40% of the total body weight and 50% of total protein. However, several pathological abnormalities (e.g., chronic diseases, cancer, long-term infection, aging) can induce an imbalance in skeletal muscle protein synthesis and degradation, which triggers muscle wasting and even leads to atrophy. Skeletal muscle atrophy is characterized by weakening, shrinking, and decreasing muscle mass and fiber cross-sectional area at the histological level. It manifests as a reduction in force production, easy fatigue and decreased exercise capability, along with a lower quality of life. Mechanistically, there are several pathophysiological processes involved in skeletal muscle atrophy, including oxidative stress and inflammation, which then activate signal transduction, such as the ubiquitin proteasome system, autophagy lysosome system, and mTOR. Considering the great economic and social burden that muscle atrophy can inflict, effective prevention and treatment strategies are essential but still limited. Exercise is widely acknowledged as the most effective therapy for skeletal muscle atrophy; unfortunately, it is not applicable for all patients. Several active substances for skeletal muscle atrophy have been discovered and evaluated in clinical trials, however, they have not been marketed to date. Knowledge is being gained on the underlying mechanisms, highlighting more promising treatment strategies in the future. In this paper, the mechanisms and treatment strategies for skeletal muscle atrophy are briefly reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Na Li
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Weihua Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Nuoqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Meidai Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China
| | - Xiuying Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China.
| | - Guanhua Du
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Institute of Materia Medica of Peking Union Medical College, 1 Xian Nong Tan Street, Beijing 100050, PR China.
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Brown LA, Guzman SD, Brooks SV. Emerging molecular mediators and targets for age-related skeletal muscle atrophy. Transl Res 2020; 221:44-57. [PMID: 32243876 PMCID: PMC8026108 DOI: 10.1016/j.trsl.2020.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The age-associated decline in muscle mass has become synonymous with physical frailty among the elderly due to its major contribution in reduced muscle function. Alterations in protein and redox homeostasis along with chronic inflammation, denervation, and hormonal dysregulation are all hallmarks of muscle wasting and lead to clinical sarcopenia in older adults. Reduction in skeletal muscle mass has been observed and reported in the scientific literature for nearly 2 centuries; however, identification and careful examination of molecular mediators of age-related muscle atrophy have only been possible for roughly 3 decades. Here we review molecular targets of recent interest in age-related muscle atrophy and briefly discuss emerging small molecule therapeutic treatments for muscle wasting in sarcopenic susceptible populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lemuel A Brown
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Steve D Guzman
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Susan V Brooks
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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Redox modulation of muscle mass and function. Redox Biol 2020; 35:101531. [PMID: 32371010 PMCID: PMC7284907 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle mass and strength are very important for exercise performance. Training-induced musculoskeletal injuries usually require periods of complete immobilization to prevent any muscle contraction of the affected muscle groups. Disuse muscle wasting will likely affect every sport practitioner in his or her lifetime. Even short periods of disuse results in significant declines in muscle size, fiber cross sectional area, and strength. To understand the molecular signaling pathways involved in disuse muscle atrophy is of the utmost importance to develop more effective countermeasures in sport science research. We have divided our review in four different sections. In the first one we discuss the molecular mechanisms involved in muscle atrophy including the main protein synthesis and protein breakdown signaling pathways. In the second section of the review we deal with the main cellular, animal, and human atrophy models. The sources of reactive oxygen species in disuse muscle atrophy and the mechanism through which they regulate protein synthesis and proteolysis are reviewed in the third section of this review. The last section is devoted to the potential interventions to prevent muscle disuse atrophy with especial consideration to studies on which the levels of endogenous antioxidants enzymes or dietary antioxidants have been tested.
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Assessment of anti-nociceptive effect of allopurinol in a neuropathic pain model. Brain Res 2019; 1720:146238. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2019.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2018] [Revised: 04/11/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Korkmaz M, Eyigor S. Association between sarcopenia and rheumatological diseases. World J Rheumatol 2019; 9:1-8. [DOI: 10.5499/wjr.v9.i1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2018] [Revised: 11/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Sarcopenia (“sarx” for muscle, “penia” for loss) is an important problem in the elderly. Although muscle loss is a part of natural aging, excessive loss that limits physical activity is considered pathological. Sarcopenia is associated with age, malnutrition, physical inactivity, inflammatory stress and hormonal changes. Although relationships between sarcopenia and various chronic inflammatory diseases have been shown, the role of rheumatologic disease in sarcopenia development is currently unknown. Our aim in this mini-review was to increase the awareness of clinicians to sarcopenia, and to evaluate studies in which the relationship between sarcopenia and rheumatologic diseases was investigated. We also aimed to determine whether the available literature was sufficient to confirm a strong relationship between these conditions. Although our findings showed that diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis and systemic sclerosis may have a role in sarcopenia development and progress, the methodologies and results of the majority of studies were insufficient in determining direct causal relationships. We believe future studies would benefit from focusing on the factors and causes of sarcopenia, with a goal of determining the factors associated with rheumatologic disease that are most effective in sarcopenia development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Korkmaz
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Afyon Saglik Bilimleri University, Afyonkarahisar 03000, Turkey
| | - Sibel Eyigor
- Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir 35100, Turkey
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Küçükdiler AHE, Varlı M, Yavuz Ö, Yalçın A, Selvi Öztorun H, Devrim E, Aras S. Evaluation of Oxidative Stress Parameters and Antioxidant Status in Plasma and Erythrocytes of Elderly Diabetic Patients with Sarcopenia. J Nutr Health Aging 2019; 23:239-245. [PMID: 30820511 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-018-1137-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oxidative stress may play a role in the pathogenesis of both sarcopenia and diabetes. Although the risk of sarcopenia is increased in people with type 2 diabetes, the relationship between sarcopenia oxidative stress and antioxidant status among the older diabetes population is not well studied. The aim of this present study was to evaluate the relationship between oxidative stress and antioxidant status and sarcopenia in elderly diabetic patients. DESIGN This was a cross-sectional designed study with a control group. A total of 60 type 2 diabetic elderly patients were enrolled in the study (30 sarcopenic and 30 controls). MEASUREMENTS Comprehensive geriatric assessments and anthropometric measurements were performed. Sarcopenia was diagnosed according to the European Working Group on Sarcopenia in Older People. Skeletal muscle mass was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis. A handheld dynamometer was used for skeletal muscle strength measurements. Gait speed was measured using a 4 meter walking test. Plasma malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and erythrocyte MDA, GSH-Px, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase and xanthine oxidase (XO) measurements were performed. RESULTS While plasma XO was significantly higher in sarcopenic individuals (0.406(0.225-0.775)) compared to controls (0.312(0.112-0.712)) (p=0.006), plasma GSH-Px was significantly lower in sarcopenic individuals (0.154(0.101-0.274)) compared to controls (0.204(0.12-.0312)) (p=0.003). Plasma XO (OR: 2.69 (CI 95% 0.13-52.76, p=0.041) and BMI (OR: 0.6 (CI 95% 0.41-0.89, p=0.009) were independently associated with sarcopenia of diabetes in multivariate analysis. CONCLUSIONS Only plasma XO was found to be independently associated with sarcopenia. XO can be important in the pathogenesis of sarcopenia in diabetes. Oxidative stress and antioxidant status might be associated with sarcopenia in diabetic older individuals but this association seems to be mediated by other factors. Further studies are needed on this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- A H E Küçükdiler
- Ahmet Yalçın, Department of Geriatric Medicine, Ataturk's Research and Training Hospital, Eskibağlar Street, No:47, Safir Life apartments, A block flat no:14, Bağlıca, Etimesgut, Ankara, Turkey, e-mail: , Telephone number: +90 533 254 54 45
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11
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Simulation of the solid state and the first and second hydration shell of the xanthine oxidase inhibitor allopurinol: Structures obtained using DFT and MP2 methods. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.01.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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