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Cattaneo S, Verlengia G, Marino P, Simonato M, Bettegazzi B. NPY and Gene Therapy for Epilepsy: How, When,... and Y. Front Mol Neurosci 2021; 13:608001. [PMID: 33551745 PMCID: PMC7862707 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2020.608001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is a neuropeptide abundantly expressed in the mammalian central and peripheral nervous system. NPY is a pleiotropic molecule, which influences cell proliferation, cardiovascular and metabolic function, pain and neuronal excitability. In the central nervous system, NPY acts as a neuromodulator, affecting pathways that range from cellular (excitability, neurogenesis) to circuit level (food intake, stress response, pain perception). NPY has a broad repertoire of receptor subtypes, each activating specific signaling pathways in different tissues and cellular sub-regions. In the context of epilepsy, NPY is thought to act as an endogenous anticonvulsant that performs its action through Y2 and Y5 receptors. In fact, its overexpression in the brain with the aid of viral vectors can suppress seizures in animal models of epilepsy. Therefore, NPY-based gene therapy may represent a novel approach for the treatment of epilepsy patients, particularly for pharmaco-resistant and genetic forms of the disease. Nonetheless, considering all the aforementioned aspects of NPY signaling, the study of possible NPY applications as a therapeutic molecule is not devoid of critical aspects. The present review will summarize data related to NPY biology, focusing on its anti-epileptic effects, with a critical appraisal of key elements that could be exploited to improve the already existing NPY-based gene therapy approaches for epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Cattaneo
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
| | - Gianluca Verlengia
- San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Pietro Marino
- Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, Section of Pediatrics, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Michele Simonato
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.,Department of Neuroscience and Rehabilitation, Section of Pharmacology, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Barbara Bettegazzi
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, Milan, Italy.,San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy
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Ziffert I, Kaiser A, Babilon S, Mörl K, Beck-Sickinger AG. Unusually persistent Gα i-signaling of the neuropeptide Y 2 receptor depletes cellular G i/o pools and leads to a G i-refractory state. Cell Commun Signal 2020; 18:49. [PMID: 32223755 PMCID: PMC7104545 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-020-00537-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A sensitive balance between receptor activation and desensitization is crucial for cellular homeostasis. Like many other GPCR, the human neuropeptide Y2 receptor (hY2R) undergoes ligand dependent activation and internalization into intracellular compartments, followed by recycling to the plasma membrane. This receptor is involved in the pathophysiology of distinct diseases e.g. epilepsy and cancer progression and conveys anorexigenic signals which makes it an interesting and promising anti-obesity target. However, Y2R desensitization was observed after daily treatment with a selective PYY13-36 analog in vivo by a yet unknown mechanism. MATERIALS We studied the desensitization and activatability of recycled Y2R in transiently transfected HEK293 cells as well as in endogenously Y2R expressing SH-SY5Y and SMS-KAN cells. Results were evaluated by one-way ANOVA and Tukey post test. RESULTS We observed strong desensitization of the Y2R in a second round of stimulation despite its reappearance at the membrane. Already the first activation of the Y2R leads to depletion of the functional cellular Gαi/o protein pool and consequently desensitizes the linked signal transduction pathways, independent of receptor internalization. This desensitization also extends to other Gαi/o-coupled GPCR and can be detected in transfected HEK293 as well as in SH-SY5Y and SMS-KAN cell lines, both expressing the Y2R endogenously. By overexpression of chimeric Gαqi proteins in a model system, activation has been rescued, which identifies a critical role of the G protein status for cellular signaling. Furthermore, Y2R displays strong allosteric coupling to inhibitory G proteins in radioligand binding assays, and loses 10-fold affinity in the G protein-depleted state observed after activation, which can be largely abrogated by overexpression of the Gαi-subunit. CONCLUSION The unusually persistent Gαi-signaling of the Y2R leads to a state of cellular desensitization of the inhibitory Gαi-pathway. The strong allosteric effects of the Y2R-Gαi-interaction might be a mechanism that contributes to the burst of Gαi-signaling, but also serves as a mechanism to limit the Y2-mediated signaling after recycling. Thus, the cell is left in a refractory state, preventing further Gαi-signaling of the Y2R itself but also other Gαi/o-coupled receptors by simply controlling the repertoire of downstream effectors. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isabelle Ziffert
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Brüderstr. 34, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Anette Kaiser
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Brüderstr. 34, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Stefanie Babilon
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Brüderstr. 34, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Karin Mörl
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Brüderstr. 34, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Annette G Beck-Sickinger
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Brüderstr. 34, D-04103, Leipzig, Germany.
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Chastel A, Worm DJ, Alves ID, Vimont D, Petrel M, Fernandez S, Garrigue P, Fernandez P, Hindié E, Beck-Sickinger AG, Morgat C. Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of a multifunctional neuropeptide-Y conjugate for selective nuclear delivery of radiolanthanides. EJNMMI Res 2020; 10:16. [PMID: 32124111 PMCID: PMC7052099 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-020-0612-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Targeting G protein-coupled receptors on the surface of cancer cells with peptide ligands is a promising concept for the selective tumor delivery of therapeutically active cargos, including radiometals for targeted radionuclide therapy (TRT). Recently, the radiolanthanide terbium-161 (161Tb) gained significant interest for TRT application, since it decays with medium-energy β-radiation but also emits a significant amount of conversion and Auger electrons with short tissue penetration range. The therapeutic efficiency of radiometals emitting Auger electrons, like 161Tb, can therefore be highly boosted by an additional subcellular delivery into the nucleus, in order to facilitate maximum dose deposition to the DNA. In this study, we describe the design of a multifunctional, radiolabeled neuropeptide-Y (NPY) conjugate, to address radiolanthanides to the nucleus of cells naturally overexpressing the human Y1 receptor (hY1R). By using solid-phase peptide synthesis, the hY1R-preferring [F7,P34]-NPY was modified with a fatty acid, a cathepsin B-cleavable linker, followed by a nuclear localization sequence (NLS), and a DOTA chelator (compound pb12). In this proof-of-concept study, labeling was performed with either native terbium-159 (natTb), as surrogate for 161Tb, or with indium-111 (111In). Results [natTb]Tb-pb12 showed a preserved high binding affinity to endogenous hY1R on MCF-7 cells and was able to induce receptor activation and internalization similar to the hY1R-preferring [F7,P34]-NPY. Specific internalization of the 111In-labeled conjugate into MCF-7 cells was observed, and importantly, time-dependent nuclear uptake of 111In was demonstrated. Study of metabolic stability showed that the peptide is insufficiently stable in human plasma. This was confirmed by injection of [111In]In-pb12 in nude mice bearing MCF-7 xenograft which showed specific uptake only at very early time point. Conclusion The multifunctional NPY conjugate with a releasable DOTA-NLS unit represents a promising concept for enhanced TRT with Auger electron-emitting radiolanthanides. Our research is now focusing on improving the reported concept with respect to the poor plasmatic stability of this promising radiopeptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Chastel
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Bordeaux, F-33076, Bordeaux, France.,University of Bordeaux, INCIA UMR 5287, F-33400, Talence, France.,CNRS, INCIA UMR 5287, F-33400, Talence, France
| | - Dennis J Worm
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Brüderstr. 34, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Isabel D Alves
- Institute of Chemistry & Biology of Membranes & Nano-objects (CBMN), CNRS UMR 5248, University of Bordeaux, F-33600, Pessac, France
| | - Delphine Vimont
- University of Bordeaux, INCIA UMR 5287, F-33400, Talence, France.,CNRS, INCIA UMR 5287, F-33400, Talence, France
| | - Melina Petrel
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux Imaging Center, F-33000, Bordeaux, France
| | - Samantha Fernandez
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre de Recherche en Cardiovasculaire et Nutrition, 13385, Marseille, France.,Aix-Marseille University, Centre Européen de Recherche en Imagerie Médicale, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Garrigue
- Aix-Marseille University, INSERM, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, Centre de Recherche en Cardiovasculaire et Nutrition, 13385, Marseille, France.,Aix-Marseille University, Centre Européen de Recherche en Imagerie Médicale, 13005, Marseille, France
| | - Philippe Fernandez
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Bordeaux, F-33076, Bordeaux, France.,University of Bordeaux, INCIA UMR 5287, F-33400, Talence, France.,CNRS, INCIA UMR 5287, F-33400, Talence, France
| | - Elif Hindié
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Bordeaux, F-33076, Bordeaux, France.,University of Bordeaux, INCIA UMR 5287, F-33400, Talence, France.,CNRS, INCIA UMR 5287, F-33400, Talence, France
| | - Annette G Beck-Sickinger
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Brüderstr. 34, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Clément Morgat
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital of Bordeaux, F-33076, Bordeaux, France. .,University of Bordeaux, INCIA UMR 5287, F-33400, Talence, France. .,CNRS, INCIA UMR 5287, F-33400, Talence, France.
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Bech EM, Kaiser A, Bellmann-Sickert K, Nielsen SSR, Sørensen KK, Elster L, Hatzakis N, Pedersen SL, Beck-Sickinger AG, Jensen KJ. Half-Life Extending Modifications of Peptide YY3–36 Direct Receptor-Mediated Internalization. Mol Pharm 2019; 16:3665-3677. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b00554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Esben M. Bech
- Gubra Aps, Hørsholm, Denmark
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | - Anette Kaiser
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany
| | | | | | - Kasper K. Sørensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | - Nikos Hatzakis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
| | | | | | - Knud J. Jensen
- Department of Chemistry, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark
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Wanka L, Babilon S, Kaiser A, Mörl K, Beck-Sickinger AG. Different mode of arrestin-3 binding at the human Y 1 and Y 2 receptor. Cell Signal 2018; 50:58-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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Kaiser A, Hempel C, Wanka L, Schubert M, Hamm HE, Beck-Sickinger AG. G Protein Preassembly Rescues Efficacy of W6.48 Toggle Mutations in Neuropeptide Y2 Receptor. Mol Pharmacol 2018; 93:387-401. [DOI: 10.1124/mol.117.110544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2017] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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Kempf N, Didier P, Postupalenko V, Bucher B, Mély Y. Internalization mechanism of neuropeptide Y bound to its Y1receptor investigated by high resolution microscopy. Methods Appl Fluoresc 2015; 3:025004. [DOI: 10.1088/2050-6120/3/2/025004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Mörl K, Beck-Sickinger AG. Intracellular Trafficking of Neuropeptide Y Receptors. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2015; 132:73-96. [PMID: 26055055 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2015.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The multireceptor multiligand system of neuropeptide Y receptors and their ligands is involved in the regulation of a multitude of physiological and pathophysiological processes. Specific expression patterns, ligand-binding modes, and signaling properties contribute to the complex network regulating distinct cellular responses. Intracellular trafficking processes are important key steps that are regulated in context with accessory proteins. These proteins exert their influence by interacting directly or indirectly with the receptors, causing modification of the receptors, or operating as scaffolds for the assembly of larger signaling complexes. On the intracellular receptor faces, sequence-specific motifs have been identified that play an important role in this process. Interestingly, it is also possible to influence the receptor internalization by modification of the peptide ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karin Mörl
- Faculty of Biosciences, Pharmacy and Psychology, Institute of Biochemistry, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Annette G Beck-Sickinger
- Faculty of Biosciences, Pharmacy and Psychology, Institute of Biochemistry, Universität Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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Kilpatrick LE, Briddon SJ, Holliday ND. Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, combined with bimolecular fluorescence complementation, reveals the effects of β-arrestin complexes and endocytic targeting on the membrane mobility of neuropeptide Y receptors. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR CELL RESEARCH 2012; 1823:1068-81. [PMID: 22487268 PMCID: PMC3793875 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2012.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2011] [Revised: 02/29/2012] [Accepted: 03/01/2012] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and photon counting histogram (PCH) analysis are powerful ways to study mobility and stoichiometry of G protein coupled receptor complexes, within microdomains of single living cells. However, relating these properties to molecular mechanisms can be challenging. We investigated the influence of β-arrestin adaptors and endocytosis mechanisms on plasma membrane diffusion and particle brightness of GFP-tagged neuropeptide Y (NPY) receptors. A novel GFP-based bimolecular fluorescence complementation (BiFC) system also identified Y1 receptor-β-arrestin complexes. Diffusion co-efficients (D) for Y1 and Y2-GFP receptors in HEK293 cell plasma membranes were 2.22 and 2.15 × 10− 9 cm2 s− 1 respectively. At a concentration which promoted only Y1 receptor endocytosis, NPY treatment reduced Y1-GFP motility (D 1.48 × 10− 9 cm2 s− 1), but did not alter diffusion characteristics of the Y2-GFP receptor. Agonist induced changes in Y1 receptor motility were inhibited by mutations (6A) which prevented β-arrestin recruitment and internalisation; conversely they became apparent in a Y2 receptor mutant with increased β-arrestin affinity. NPY treatment also increased Y1 receptor-GFP particle brightness, changes which indicated receptor clustering, and which were abolished by the 6A mutation. The importance of β-arrestin recruitment for these effects was illustrated by reduced lateral mobility (D 1.20–1.33 × 10− 9 cm2 s− 1) of Y1 receptor-β-arrestin BiFC complexes. Thus NPY-induced changes in Y receptor motility and brightness reflect early events surrounding arrestin dependent endocytosis at the plasma membrane, results supported by a novel combined BiFC/FCS approach to detect the underlying receptor-β-arrestin signalling complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Kilpatrick
- Cell Signaling Research Group, School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Nottingham, the Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, UK
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