1
|
Jeon GH. The Associations of Vitamin D with Ovarian Reserve Markers and Depression: A Narrative Literature Review. Nutrients 2023; 16:96. [PMID: 38201927 PMCID: PMC10780911 DOI: 10.3390/nu16010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Revised: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Since the identification of vitamin D receptors in both the female reproductive tract and the central nervous system, further data have shown that vitamin D is involved in the processes of reproductive and mental health. This paper reviews current research on the associations of vitamin D with ovarian reserve markers and depression and discusses the potential role of vitamin D in their relationships. There have been numerous studies reporting that vitamin D was significantly related to ovarian reserve markers and depression in basic or clinical research, but some observational and interventional clinical studies have shown inconsistent results. Nevertheless, recent meta-analyses of interventional studies have provided promising results showing that vitamin D supplementation significantly improves ovarian reserve metrics, especially in a subgroup of women with normal or diminished ovarian reserve, and decreases depressive symptoms and risk. The demonstration of an association of vitamin D with both ovarian reserve and depression could suggest that vitamin D may be another important key in explaining female reproductive depression. Larger-scale studies in standardized settings will be needed in order to gain further insight into the role of vitamin D in female reproduction and depression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gyun-Ho Jeon
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Haeundae Paik Hospital, Inje University School of Medicine, Busan 48108, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Han Y, Cao Q, Qiao X, Huang W. Effect of vitamin D supplementation on hormones and menstrual cycle regularization in polycystic ovary syndrome women: A systemic review and meta-analysis. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2023; 49:2232-2244. [PMID: 37364886 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
AIM Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disease among women of childbearing age. Women with PCOS frequently experience reproductive complications, which are closely associated with the concentration of vitamin D. This systemic review and meta-analysis were conducted to elucidate the possible effect of vitamin D supplementation in PCOS women on hormones, including Luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), the ratio of LH and FSH (LH/FSH), and the menstrual cycle regularization. METHODS We searched PubMed, Web of Science, Ovid MEDLINE, Cochrane Library, and EMBASE for the relevant articles published up to January 2022. The pooled estimates were calculated using RevMan 5.4 software. RESULTS Twelve studies involving 849 PCOS patients were included. Our study indicated that vitamin D supplementation could reduce serum LH (standard mean difference [SMD]: -0.41; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.54, -0.28; p < 0.01). Subgroup analysis identified that the supplementation of vitamin D ≤4000 IU/day (SMD: -0.69; 95% CI: -1.15, -0.23; p < 0.01), treatment time ≤8 weeks (SMD: -0.61; 95% CI: -0.95, -0.26; p < 0.01), and vitamin D co-supplementation (SMD: -0.37; 95% CI: -0.65, -0.10; p < 0.01) were related to reduce serum LH level. In addition, vitamin D supplementation improved the regularity of menstrual cycle significantly (risk ratio [RR]: 1.35; 95% CI: 1.18, 1.54; p < 0.01). In stratified analysis, the significant effects only existed in dosage of vitamin D >4000 IU (RR: 1.62; 95% CI: 1.02, 2.57; p < 0.01), treatment time >8 weeks (RR: 1.41; 95% CI: 1.06, 1.87; p = 0.02) and vitamin D co-supplementation (RR: 1.18; 95% CI: 1.03, 1.35; p = 0.02). However, vitamin D might have no effects on serum FSH (SMD: -0.05; 95% CI: -0.42, 0.32; p = 0.79) and LH/FSH (SMD: -0.24; 95% CI: -0.55, 0.08; p = 0.14) in PCOS patients. CONCLUSIONS Evidence from the existing randomized controlled trials indicated that vitamin D supplementation might improve the LH level and the menstrual cycle regularization but did not have any effect on FSH and LH/FSH levels in PCOS patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yixian Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Cao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xinyu Qiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Huang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Ministry of Education, West China Second University Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
- NHC Key Laboratory of Chronobiology (Sichuan University), Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Pich K, Rajewska J, Kamińska K, Tchurzyk M, Szlaga A, Sambak P, Błasiak A, Grzesiak M, Rak A. Effect of Vitamin D 3 on Chemerin and Adiponectin Levels in Uterus of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Rats. Cells 2023; 12:2026. [PMID: 37626836 PMCID: PMC10453942 DOI: 10.3390/cells12162026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 07/29/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder with disrupted uterus structure and function. A positive effect of vitamin D3 (VD3) in female reproduction was observed. Chemerin (RARRES2) and adiponectin (ADIPOQ) are the main adipokines whose levels are altered in PCOS patients. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the impact of VD3 supplementation on RARRES2 and ADIPOQ levels in the uterus of PCOS rats. METHODS We analyzed the plasma levels and uterine transcript and protein expression of RARRES2 and ADIPOQ and their receptors (CCRL2, CMKLR1, GPR1, and ADIPOR1 and ADIPOR2, respectively) in rats with letrozole-induced PCOS. RESULTS In control animals, VD3 did not change plasma levels of both adipokines, while in PCOS rats supplemented with VD3, they returned to control levels. The expression of RARRES2 and all investigated receptors increased in the uterus of VD3-treated rats; however, the levels of Rarres2 and Gpr1 genes remained unchanged. VD3 supplementation decreased RARRES2, CMKLR1, and GPR1 but increased CCRL2 level to the control value. In the uterus of VD3-treated rats, the transcript and protein levels of ADIPOQ and both receptors ADIPOR1 increased. At the same time, VD3 supplementation induced an increase in Adipoq, Adipor1, and Adipor2 gene expression and restored protein levels to control level values. CONCLUSIONS our findings indicate a new mechanism of VD3 action in the uterine physiology of PCOS rats.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Pich
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (K.P.); (J.R.)
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland; (K.K.); (P.S.)
| | - Jesika Rajewska
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (K.P.); (J.R.)
| | - Kinga Kamińska
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland; (K.K.); (P.S.)
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Marcelina Tchurzyk
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Agata Szlaga
- Department of Neurophysiology and Chronobiology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Patryk Sambak
- Doctoral School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Jagiellonian University, 30-348 Kraków, Poland; (K.K.); (P.S.)
- Department of Neurophysiology and Chronobiology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Anna Błasiak
- Department of Neurophysiology and Chronobiology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (A.S.); (A.B.)
| | - Małgorzata Grzesiak
- Department of Endocrinology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (M.T.); (M.G.)
| | - Agnieszka Rak
- Laboratory of Physiology and Toxicology of Reproduction, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Krakow, Poland; (K.P.); (J.R.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Modulating Morphological and Redox/Glycative Alterations in the PCOS Uterus: Effects of Carnitines in PCOS Mice. Biomedicines 2023; 11:biomedicines11020374. [PMID: 36830911 PMCID: PMC9953026 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11020374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common and multifactorial disease affecting reproductive-age women. Although PCOS ovarian and metabolic features have received extensive research, uterine dysfunction has been poorly investigated. This research aims to investigate morphological and molecular alterations in the PCOS uterus and search for modulating effects of different carnitine formulations. (2) Methods: CD1 mice were administered or not with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA, 6 mg/100 g body weight) for 20 days, alone or with 0.40 mg L-carnitine (LC) and 0.20 mg acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) in the presence or absence of 0.08 mg propionyl-L-carnitine (PLC). Uterine horns from the four groups were subjected to histology, immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting analyses to evaluate their morphology, collagen deposition, autophagy and steroidogenesis. Oxidative-/methylglyoxal (MG)-dependent damage was investigated along with the effects on the mitochondria, SIRT1, SOD2, RAGE and GLO1 proteins. (3) Results: The PCOS uterus suffers from tissue and oxidative alterations associated with MG-AGE accumulation. LC-ALC administration alleviated PCOS uterine tissue alterations and molecular damage. The presence of PLC prevented fibrosis and maintained mitochondria content. (4) Conclusions: The present results provide evidence for oxidative and glycative damage as the main factors contributing to PCOS uterine alterations and include the uterus in the spectrum of action of carnitines on the PCOS phenotype.
Collapse
|
5
|
Rehman R, Azhar A, Naseem Z, Haider G, Farooqui N, Farhat S. PCOS model: Apoptotic changes and role of vitamin D. ELECTRONIC JOURNAL OF GENERAL MEDICINE 2022. [DOI: 10.29333/ejgm/12275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
6
|
Holzer I, Parry JP, Beitl K, Pozderovic B, Marculescu R, Ott J. Parameters for Calcium Metabolism in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Who Undergo Stimulation with Letrozole: A Prospective Cohort Study. J Clin Med 2022; 11:jcm11092597. [PMID: 35566720 PMCID: PMC9101906 DOI: 10.3390/jcm11092597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 05/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
For women with polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) and infertility, stimulation with the aromatase-inhibitor letrozole has been recommended as a first-line for ovulation induction. Calcium-associated signaling has also been a component for other ovulation induction and superovulation medications. This study’s aim was to evaluate parameters of calcium metabolism in PCOS women. In a prospective cohort study, 61 anovulatory, infertile PCOS patients who underwent letrozole stimulation were included. Outcome measures were: follicular maturation after letrozole stimulation; parathyroid hormone (PTH); 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3); serum levels of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, albumin, and total protein. Successful recruitment of a dominant follicle was achieved in 35 patients (57.4%). Women with and without successful follicular development did not differ in serum levels of PTH (38.4 ± 19.7 vs. 39.6 ± 16.2 pg/mL), 25OHD3 (62.5 ± 32.1 vs. 65.4 ± 30.9 nmol/L), calcium (2.36 ± 0.08 vs. 2.37 ± 0.12 mmol/L), or protein (70.2 ± 13.3 vs. 74.0 ± 3.7 g/L), respectively (p > 0.05). However, women who were not responsive to letrozole for ovulation induction demonstrated higher anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels (9.7 ± 4.7 vs. 5.0 ± 3.2 ng/mL, p = 0.005). In conclusion, the success of letrozole stimulation in women with PCOS is independent from calcium metabolism parameters. However, AMH levels seem predictive of medication resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Iris Holzer
- Clinical Division of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (I.H.); (K.B.); (B.P.)
| | - John Preston Parry
- Parryscope and Positive Steps Fertility, Madison, WI 39110, USA;
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS 39216, USA
| | - Klara Beitl
- Clinical Division of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (I.H.); (K.B.); (B.P.)
| | - Boban Pozderovic
- Clinical Division of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (I.H.); (K.B.); (B.P.)
| | - Rodrig Marculescu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
| | - Johannes Ott
- Clinical Division of Gynecologic Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria; (I.H.); (K.B.); (B.P.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +43-1-40400-28130
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Effects of Vitamin D on Fertility, Pregnancy and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome-A Review. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14081649. [PMID: 35458211 PMCID: PMC9029121 DOI: 10.3390/nu14081649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 04/09/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine reproductive disorders in women. Vitamin D deficiency is also quite common in this condition. The degree of vitamin D deficiency correlates with the severity of PCOS. Both male and female vitamin D levels play a role in fertility and affect the outcomes of in vitro fertilization (IVF). Moreover, fertility and IVF indicators are improved by vitamin D not only in healthy women but in those diagnosed with PCOS. Both vitamin D deficiency and PCOS increase pregnancy-related complications. Vitamin D supplementation and optimal vitamin D levels decrease both maternal and fetal risk for complications and adverse events. Furthermore, vitamin D supplementation may ameliorate or even prevent pregnancy-related reversible bone loss in mothers. This review emphasizes the roles of vitamin D deficiency and vitamin D supplementation and their correlation with PCOS regarding reproductive health.
Collapse
|
8
|
Berry S, Seidler K, Neil J. Vitamin D deficiency and female infertility: A mechanism review examining the role of vitamin D in ovulatory dysfunction as a symptom of polycystic ovary syndrome. J Reprod Immunol 2022; 151:103633. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2022.103633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|
9
|
Chen W, Pang Y. Metabolic Syndrome and PCOS: Pathogenesis and the Role of Metabolites. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11120869. [PMID: 34940628 PMCID: PMC8709086 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11120869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine diseases among women of reproductive age and is associated with many metabolic manifestations, such as obesity, insulin resistance (IR) and hyperandrogenism. The underlying pathogenesis of these metabolic symptoms has not yet been fully elucidated. With the application of metabolomics techniques, a variety of metabolite changes have been observed in the serum and follicular fluid (FF) of PCOS patients and animal models. Changes in metabolites result from the daily diet and occur during uncommon physiological routines. However, some of these metabolite changes may provide evidence to explain possible mechanisms and new approaches for prevention and therapy. This article reviews the pathogenesis of PCOS metabolic symptoms and the relationship between metabolites and the pathophysiology of PCOS. Furthermore, the potential clinical application of some specific metabolites will be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weixuan Chen
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China;
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
- Research Units of Comprehensive Diagnosis and Treatment of Oocyte Maturation Arrest, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yanli Pang
- Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China;
- National Clinical Research Center for Obstetrics and Gynecology (Peking University Third Hospital), Beijing 100191, China
- Key Laboratory of Assisted Reproduction (Peking University), Ministry of Education, Beijing 100191, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Reproductive Endocrinology and Assisted Reproductive Technology, Beijing 100191, China
- Research Units of Comprehensive Diagnosis and Treatment of Oocyte Maturation Arrest, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100191, China
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Seymen CM, Yar Sağlam AS, Elmazoğlu Z, Arık GN, Take Kaplanoğlu G. Involvement of endometrial IGF-1R/IGF-1/Bcl-2 pathways in experimental polycystic ovary syndrome: Identification of the regulatory effect of melatonin. Tissue Cell 2021; 73:101585. [PMID: 34375824 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The involvement of endometrial IGF-1R/IGF-1/Bcl-2 pathways and the potential regulatory effects of exogenously administrated melatonin on this expression is investigated in the experimental PCOS model in the present study. Thirty-two 6-8 week old Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups: the Sham Control Group (1% CMC/day by oral gavage [o.g.]); the Melatonin Group (2 mg/kg/day melatonin by subcutaneous administration [s.c.]); the Experimental PCOS Group (1 mg/kg/day Letrozole by o.g.); and the Experimental PCOS + Melatonin Group (1 mg/kg/day Letrozole by o.g. and 2 mg/kg/day melatonin by s.c. administration). Vaginal smear samples were taken from the 14th day to the end of the experiment for colpocytological measurements. At the end of the 21 day experimental period, uterine tissues were taken; Hematoxylin-Eosin histochemical, IGF-1R/IGF-1/Bcl-2, PCNA immuno-histochemical stainings and western blot analyses were performed for related antibodies. All of the data was supported statistically. The epithelium of endometrium lost its single-layer structure in some parts, separation was observed between the epithelium and the basal membrane junction, intracellular edema was found in the uterine glands by the polycystic ovary-induction. Also this induction increased the expression of IGF-1R/IGF-1, Bcl-2, and PCNA proteins. Morphological degenerations returned to its normal appearance generally by the melatonin administrations and melatonin also regulated the increased expression of endometrial IGF-1R/IGF-1/Bcl-2 and PCNA pathways. It is concluded that additional studies are needed, using melatonin as a supporting agent may be appropriate in cases of PCOS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Cemile Merve Seymen
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Atiye Seda Yar Sağlam
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Zübeyir Elmazoğlu
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Pharmacology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gökçe Nur Arık
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gülnur Take Kaplanoğlu
- Gazi University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Histology and Embryology, Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ibrahim MAA, Sadek MT, Sharaf Eldin HEM. Role of pomegranate extract in restoring endometrial androgen receptor expression, proliferation, and pinopodes in a rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome. Morphologie 2021; 106:145-154. [PMID: 34023214 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2021.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Revised: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial hormonal disorder accompanied by impairment of endometrial function and structure. Pomegranate is recognized for its role in normalizing the female sex hormones in PCOS with little known about its effect on the accompanying endometrial histological alterations. AIM OF THE WORK To assess the possible ameliorative role of pomegranate juice extract (PJE) on endometrial injury in a rat model of PCOS. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty adult albino rats were equally divided into 4 groups; control, PJE-treated (400mg/kg/day for 3 weeks), letrozole-treated (PCOS) (1mg/kg/day for 3 weeks), and PJE & PCOS groups. Serum Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), Luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone, estradiol, and tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) were assayed. Uterine samples were processed for histological staining with hematoxylin & eosin and Masson's trichrome stains, Ki67 and androgen receptor immunohistochemical staining, and scanning electron microscopy. RESULTS PCOS group revealed a significant increase in serum FSH, LH, testosterone, estradiol, and tissue MDA. Uterine sections depicted various histological alterations in the endometrium with signs of inflammation. A significant increase in the endometrial collagen fiber content, as well as a significant upregulation in Ki67 and androgen receptor immunohistochemical expression were detected. Scanning electron microscopy showed a significant decrease in the mean number of pinopodes. Concomitant administration of PJE efficiently restored the studied biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical parameters. CONCLUSION PJE ameliorated PCOS accompanying endometrial histological alterations through its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, anti-proliferative, and anti-androgenic effects most probably due to its polyphenols content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A A Ibrahim
- Histology and Cell Biology department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, 31527 Tanta, Egypt.
| | - M T Sadek
- Histology and Cell Biology department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, 31527 Tanta, Egypt
| | - H E M Sharaf Eldin
- Histology and Cell Biology department, Faculty of Medicine, Tanta University, 31527 Tanta, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Azhar A, Haider G, Naseem Z, Farooqui N, Farooqui MU, Rehman R. Morphological changes in the experimental model of polycystic ovary syndrome and effects of vitamin D treatment. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2021; 47:1164-1171. [PMID: 33496002 DOI: 10.1111/jog.14671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2020] [Revised: 11/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
AIM This research was designed to develop an animal model by inducing polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) with dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and observe reproductive and morphological changes after treatment with vitamin D. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thirty pre-pubertal female Sprague-Dawley (SD) dams were recruited. The animals were distributed 10 each in control, PCOS and vitamin D-treated groups. In control group 0.2 ml of sesame oil was given. PCOS group was administered DHEA by the daily dose of 6 mg/kg for 30 days. In vitamin D-treated group, animals were injected 6 mg/kg/day DHEA daily and 120 ng 1, 25(OH) 2D3/100 g subcutaneously once a week. The occurrence of reproductive phenotypic PCOS was evaluated by estrous cycle, morphology and histological changes of ovary, uterus on light microscope. RESULTS The results of this study showed significant weight gain, obesity, and estrous irregularity in PCOs group as compared to control and vitamin D-treated group. CONCLUSION Administration of vitamin D (120 ng 1, 25(OH) 2D3/100) improved the cycle characteristics, reduced body weight and morphological features in PCOS induced animals. The results support the effect of vitamin D treatment for metabolic and reproductive characteristic features in PCOS females.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arfa Azhar
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Ghulam Haider
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Zehra Naseem
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Nida Farooqui
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| | - Mohammad U Farooqui
- Department of Pharmacy, Shaeed Muhtarma Benazir Bhutto Medical University, Larkana, Pakistan
| | - Rehana Rehman
- Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, The Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Palomba S, Piltonen TT, Giudice LC. Endometrial function in women with polycystic ovary syndrome: a comprehensive review. Hum Reprod Update 2020; 27:584-618. [PMID: 33302299 DOI: 10.1093/humupd/dmaa051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 34.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2020] [Revised: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common cause of anovulatory infertility. An endometrial component has been suggested to contribute to subfertility and poor reproductive outcomes in affected women. OBJECTIVE AND RATIONALE The aim of this review was to determine whether there is sufficient evidence to support that endometrial function is altered in women with PCOS, whether clinical features of PCOS affect the endometrium, and whether there are evidence-based interventions to improve endometrial dysfunction in PCOS women. SEARCH METHODS An extensive literature search was performed from 1970 up to July 2020 using PubMed and Web of Science without language restriction. The search included all titles and abstracts assessing a relationship between PCOS and endometrial function, the role played by clinical and biochemical/hormonal factors related to PCOS and endometrial function, and the potential interventions aimed to improve endometrial function in women with PCOS. All published papers were included if considered relevant. Studies having a specific topic/hypothesis regarding endometrial cancer/hyperplasia in women with PCOS were excluded from the analysis. OUTCOMES Experimental and clinical data suggest that the endometrium differs in women with PCOS when compared to healthy controls. Clinical characteristics related to the syndrome, alone and/or in combination, may contribute to dysregulation of endometrial expression of sex hormone receptors and co-receptors, increase endometrial insulin-resistance with impaired glucose transport and utilization, and result in chronic low-grade inflammation, immune dysfunction, altered uterine vascularity, abnormal endometrial gene expression and cellular abnormalities in women with PCOS. Among several interventions to improve endometrial function in women with PCOS, to date, only lifestyle modification, metformin and bariatric surgery have the highest scientific evidence for clinical benefit. WIDER IMPLICATIONS Endometrial dysfunction and abnormal trophoblast invasion and placentation in PCOS women can predispose to miscarriage and pregnancy complications. Thus, patients and their health care providers should advise about these risks. Although currently no intervention can be universally recommended to reverse endometrial dysfunction in PCOS women, lifestyle modifications and metformin may improve underlying endometrial dysfunction and pregnancy outcomes in obese and/or insulin resistant patients. Bariatric surgery has shown its efficacy in severely obese PCOS patients, but a careful evaluation of the benefit/risk ratio is warranted. Large scale randomized controlled clinical trials should address these possibilities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Palomba
- Unit of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Grande Ospedale Metropolitano of Reggio Calabria, Reggio Calabria, Italy
| | - Terhi T Piltonen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland
| | - Linda C Giudice
- Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Gisela S B, M Virginia A, Gabriela A A, M Virginia T, Enrique H L, Laura K, Véronica L B. Androgen receptor and uterine histoarchitecture in a PCOS rat model. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 518:110973. [PMID: 32781251 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2020.110973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2020] [Revised: 07/30/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with hyperandrogenemia and uterine abnormalities. Our aim was to investigate the uterine effects of PCOS that are mediated through the androgen receptor (AR). After weaning, female rats were treated with sesame oil (Control), dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), or DHEA + flutamide (FLU, an AR antagonist) for 20 consecutive days. On postnatal day 41, serum, ovarian and uterine tissues were collected. DHEA and DHEA + FLU rats showed increased testosterone levels. DHEA rats showed increased epithelial height, glandular density, subepithelial stroma and myometrial thickness, associated with decreased nuclei density. These rats also showed increased uterine water content, with decreased aquaporin (AQP) 3, 7 and 8 expression in the uterine epithelium and increased AQP8 expression in the myometrium. DHEA rats also showed decreased uterine collagen remodeling, decreased cell proliferation in the subepithelial stroma, and increased apoptosis in the luminal and glandular epithelium and in the myometrium. They also showed an increase in insulin-like growth factor-1 and a decrease in phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-trisphosphate 3-phosphatase. The uterine stroma of DHEA rats showed no changes in progesterone receptor or estrogen receptor alpha (ERα) and increased AR expression. DHEA + FLU rats showed a smaller increase in the myometrial thickness, an increase in the uterine water content without AQP8 induction and a smaller decrease in collagen remodeling. These rats also showed no apoptosis induction and decreased proliferation in the myometrium, decreased ERα in the subepithelial stroma and myometrium and no modifications in AR. Our results demonstrate that the uterine cell turnover and collagen remodeling in DHEA rats are regulated through AR, directly or indirectly associated with ERα expression.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bracho Gisela S
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Acosta M Virginia
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Altamirano Gabriela A
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Cátedra de Patología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Tschopp M Virginia
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Luque Enrique H
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Cátedra de Patología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Kass Laura
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Cátedra de Patología Humana, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Bosquiazzo Véronica L
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL UNL-CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina; Departamento de Bioquímica Clínica y Cuantitativa, Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Mu Y, Cheng D, Yin TL, Yang J. Vitamin D and Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: a Narrative Review. Reprod Sci 2020; 28:2110-2117. [PMID: 33113105 DOI: 10.1007/s43032-020-00369-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine disorders of reproductive age women and contributes to metabolic dysfunctions including insulin resistance (IR) and dyslipidemia. Vitamin D is a steroid hormone, which is involved in calcium metabolism and bone structure and has a potential role in the prevention of many illnesses, including cancers, autoimmune disorders, hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. Recently, it has been reported that vitamin D deficiency was a common complication of PCOS and vitamin D status was associated with reproductive ability, metabolic alterations, and mental health of PCOS patients. This review summarizes the advances between vitamin D status and the pathophysiological process of PCOS. Vitamin D level was negatively associated with serum androgen level. Vitamin D treatment could reduce serum androgen and anti-MüllerianHormone (AMH) levels, and decrease endometrial thickness, which resulted in improvement of menstrual cycle and folliculogenesis of PCOS patients. Moreover, vitamin D concentrations were negatively correlated with parameters of IR and body fat mass. Vitamin D supplementation has beneficial effects on IR and lipid metabolism. In addition, a positive of vitamin D on mental health of PCOS patients was proposed. Understanding the relationship between vitamin D status and the symptoms of PCOS patients is of great clinical significance to treat and prevent the progression of PCOS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Mu
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Dan Cheng
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, China
| | - Tai-Lang Yin
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| | - Jing Yang
- Reproductive Medicine Center, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Hubei Clinic Research Center for Assisted Reproductive Technology and Embryonic Development, Wuhan University, Jiefang Road 238, Wuhan, 430060, China.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
High-refined carbohydrate diet leads to polycystic ovary syndrome-like features and reduced ovarian reserve in female rats. Toxicol Lett 2020; 332:42-55. [PMID: 32629074 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2020.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 06/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Obesity is associated with several female reproductive complications, such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). The exact mechanism of this relationship remains unclear. Few previous studies using diet containing refined carbohydrate (HCD) leading to obesity have been performed and it is unclear if HCD is linked with reproductive dysfunctions. In this investigation, we assessed whether subchronic HCD exposure results in reproductive and other irregularities. Female rats were fed with HCD for 15 days and metabolic outcomes and reproductive tract morphophysiology were assessed. We further assessed reproductive tract inflammation, oxidative stress (OS) and fibrosis. HCD rats displayed metabolic impairments, such as an increase in body weight/adiposity, adipocyte hypertrophic, abnormal lipid profile, glucose tolerance and insulin resistance (IR) and hyperleptinemia. Improper functioning of the HCD reproductive tract was observed. Specifically, irregular estrous cyclicity, high LH levels and abnormal ovarian morphology coupled with reduction in primordial and primary follicle numbers was observed, suggesting ovarian reserve depletion. Improper follicular development and a reduction in antral follicles, corpora lutea and granulosa layer area together with an increase in cystic follicles were apparent. Uterine atrophy and reduction in endometrial gland (GE) number was observed in HCD rats. Reproductive tract inflammation, OS and fibrosis were seen in HCD rats. Further, strong positive correlations were observed between body weight/adiposity and IR with estrous cycle length, cystic follicles, ovarian reserve, GE and other abnormalities. Thus, these data suggest that the subchronic HCD exposure led to PCOS-like features, impaired ovarian reserve, GE number, and other reproductive abnormalities in female rats.
Collapse
|
17
|
Kole E, Ozkan SO, Eraldemir C, Akar FY, Ozbek SK, Kole MC, Kum T, Filiz PC. Effects of melatonin on ovarian reserve in cigarette smoking: an experimental study. Arch Med Sci 2020; 16:1376-1386. [PMID: 33224337 PMCID: PMC7667435 DOI: 10.5114/aoms.2019.89409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 10/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The aim of the study was to investigate whether melatonin has a protective effect against diminished ovarian reserve induced by smoking. MATERIAL AND METHODS Seventy-two female Wistar-Albino rats were divided into 6 groups: group I (room air), group II (chronic cigarette smoking), group III (room air + 10 mg/kg subcutaneous melatonin), group IV (room air + 20 mg/kg subcutaneous melatonin), group V (chronic cigarette smoking + 10 mg/kg subcutaneous melatonin), group VI (chronic cigarette smoking + 20 mg/kg subcutaneous melatonin). For 45 days, rats were exposed to cigarette smoke through a smoking machine, then subcutaneous melatonin was administered. Apoptotic index, immunohistochemical scoring, ovarian follicle counting, ovarian tissue and serum malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and catalase (CAT) analyses were carried out. RESULTS All of the primordial, primary, secondary and mature follicle numbers were found to be significantly lowered in study groups. Increased HSCORE with anti-caspase-3 staining and a high follicular apoptotic index were demonstrated in the smoking group. Serum and ovarian tissue levels of MDA were found to be elevated with smoke exposure whereas lower MDA levels were determined in melatonin treated groups. Serum and tissue levels of SOD, GPx and CAT were shown to be reduced in the smoking group in comparison with melatonin treated and control groups. 20 mg/kg melatonin administration in the smoking group revealed significantly decreased HSCOREs and apoptotic indices. CONCLUSIONS Cigarette smoking has been definitely shown to be associated with impaired ovarian reserve with respect to significantly diminished numbers of primordial, primary, secondary and mature follicles. Dose-related treatment of melatonin in smokers may provide an evidently reduced apoptotic index and improved antioxidant activity in tissue.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emre Kole
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Sebiha Ozdemir Ozkan
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Ceyla Eraldemir
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Furuzan Yildiz Akar
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Sema Kurnaz Ozbek
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Merve Cakir Kole
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | - Tugba Kum
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Hu M, Zhang Y, Egecioglu E, Li X, Shao LR, Billig H. Uterine glycolytic enzyme expression is affected by knockout of different estrogen receptor subtypes. Biomed Rep 2019; 11:135-144. [PMID: 31565219 PMCID: PMC6759582 DOI: 10.3892/br.2019.1234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The estrogen signaling pathway via nuclear estrogen receptors (ER) α and β is considered to be the master regulator of the cellular glucose metabolism in the uterus. While in vivo animal studies have demonstrated that 17β-estradiol (E2) treatment increases the expression levels and activities of several glycolytic enzymes in the uterus, the specific ER subtype-dependent regulation of key glycolytic enzymes in the uterus has not been experimentally verified. In this study, the localization of ERα and ERβ in human and mouse endometria were evaluated using immunohistology. Given that ERα and ERβ are not functionally equivalent, ERα, ERβ and ERαβ knockout (ERα-/-, ERβ-/- and ERαβ-/-) mice were utilized to determine the expression pattern of glycolytic enzymes in the uterus. It was found that the level of ERα was higher than that of ERβ in the human and mouse endometrial epithelial and stromal cells, and both receptors were downregulated by E2 treatment in the mouse uterus. The expression of the hexokinase 1 and GAPDH was increased in ERα-/- and ERβ-/- mice compared with wild-type controls. Increased phosphofructokinase expression was observed in ERα-/- and ERαβ-/- mice, whereas increased pyruvate kinase isozyme M2 and pyruvate dehydrogenase expression was observed in ERβ-/- and ERαβ-/- mice. The findings indicated for the first time that while estrogen regulates ERα and ERβ expression in the uterus, ERα and ERβ selectively regulate uterine glycolytic enzyme expression during glycolysis. Additionally, the link between endometrial ER subtypes and glycolysis in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is discussed. The findings suggested that the E2-dependent ER-mediated regulation of glycolysis may be involved in the disturbance of the glucose metabolism in patients with PCOS with endometrial dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Hu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, P.R. China.,Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yuehui Zhang
- Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150040, P.R. China
| | - Emil Egecioglu
- Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, P.R. China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases, Fudan University, Shanghai 200011, P.R. China
| | - Linus R Shao
- Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Håkan Billig
- Department of Physiology/Endocrinology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 40530 Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Zhao H, Song X, Zhang L, Xu Y, Wang X. Comparison of Androgen Levels, Endocrine and Metabolic Indices, and Clinical Findings in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Uygur and Han Ethnic Groups from Xinjiang Province in China. Med Sci Monit 2018; 24:6774-6780. [PMID: 30252834 PMCID: PMC6180942 DOI: 10.12659/msm.909715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare androgen levels, endocrine and metabolic indices, and clinical findings in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in Uygur and Han ethnic groups from Xinjiang Province, China. MATERIAL AND METHODS Between January 2016 to May 2017 clinical data were collected from Uygur (N=82) and Han (N=100) women diagnosed with PCOS, including age, body mass index (BMI), the Ferriman-Gallwey (mFG) hirsutism score, and waist-to-hip ratio (WHR). Blood samples obtained from all study participants were used to measure androgenic steroid levels, including androgen, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), dihydrotestosterone (DHT), and the free androgen index (FAI). Endocrine indices measured included sex-hormone binding globulin (SHBG), luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2), and prolactin (PL). Metabolic indices measured included insulin, glucose, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). RESULTS The FAI in Uygur women with PCOS (4.89) was significantly increased compared with Han women with PCOS (2.78) (p<0.05); androgen levels were significantly correlated with the FAI, glucose, insulin, TC, HDL, and LDL (p<0.05); androstenedione levels were positively correlated with glucose and insulin levels (p<0.05). In Han women with PCOS, androgen levels were negatively correlated with TG levels and positively correlated with TC levels (p<0.05); the FAI was positively correlated with glucose and insulin levels (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS There were significant differences in androgen levels, endocrine, and metabolic indices in women with PCOS between the Uygur and Han ethnic groups from Xinjiang Province in China.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hongli Zhao
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Xiangxin Song
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Li Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Xinjiang Altay Region People's Hospital, Altay, Xinjiang, China (mainland)
| | - Yancheng Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, Zhongnan Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei, China (mainland)
| | - Xinling Wang
- Department of Endocrinology, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China (mainland)
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Aydemir I, Özkut M, Fırat F, Gümürüdü A, Sal D, Erdoğan K, Göker A, Tuğlu M. Effects of stem cells applications on oxidative stress and apoptosis during implantation. ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTION 2018. [DOI: 10.4103/2305-0500.241207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
|