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Transplantation of Umbilical Cord-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells Attenuates Surgical Wound-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Dysfunction in Mice. Stem Cells Int 2023; 2023:8667045. [PMID: 36895785 PMCID: PMC9991482 DOI: 10.1155/2023/8667045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2023] [Indexed: 03/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Blood-brain barrier (BBB) is the most important component of central nervous system (CNS) to keep toxins and pathogens from CNS. Although our studies demonstrated that using interleukin-6 antibodies (IL-6-AB) reversed the increased permeability of BBB, IL-6-AB is limited in their application that only could be used a few hours before surgery and seemed delayed the surgical wounds healing process, which urges us to find another more effective method. In this study, we employed the C57BL/6J female mice to investigate the potential effects of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) transplantation on BBB dysfunction induced by surgical wound. Compared to IL-6-AB, the transplantation of UC-MSCs more effectively decreased the BBB permeability after surgical wound evaluated by dextran tracer (immunofluorescence imaging and luorescence quantification). In addition, UC-MSCs can largely decrease the ratio of proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 to the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 in both serum and brain tissue after surgical wound. Moreover, UC-MSCs successfully increased the levels of tight junction proteins (TJs) in BBB such as ZO-1, Occludin, and Claudin-5 and extremely decreased the level of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9). Interestingly, UC-MSCs treatment also had positive effects on wound healing while protecting the BBB dysfunction induced by surgical wound compared to IL-6-AB treatment. These findings suggest that UC-MSCs transplantation is a highly efficient and promising approach on protecting the integrity of BBB which caused by peripheral traumatic injuries.
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Yang J, Ma K, Zhang C, Liu Y, Liang F, Hu W, Bian X, Yang S, Fu X. Burns Impair Blood-Brain Barrier and Mesenchymal Stem Cells Can Reverse the Process in Mice. Front Immunol 2020; 11:578879. [PMID: 33240266 PMCID: PMC7677525 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.578879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurological syndromes are observed in numerous patients who suffer burns, which add to the economic burden of societies and families. Recent studies have implied that blood-brain barrier (BBB) dysfunction is the key factor that induces these central nervous system (CNS) syndromes in peripheral traumatic disease, e.g., surgery and burns. However, the effect of burns on BBB and the underlying mechanism remains, largely, to be determined. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of burns on BBB and the potential of umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs), which have strong anti-inflammatory and repairing ability, to protect the integrity of BBB. BBB permeability was evaluated using dextran tracer (immunohistochemistry imaging and spectrophotometric quantification) and western blot, interleukin (IL)-6, and IL-1β levels in blood and brain were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Furthermore, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to detect transcellular vesicular transport (transcytosis) in BBB. We found that burns increased mouse BBB permeability to both 10-kDa and 70-kDa dextran. IL-6 and IL-1β levels increased in peripheral blood and CNS after burns. In addition, burns decreased the level of tight junction proteins (TJs), including claudin-5, occludin, and ZO-1, which indicated increased BBB permeability due to paracellular pathway. Moreover, increased vesicular density after burns suggested increased transcytosis in brain microvascular endothelial cells. Finally, administering UC-MSCs at 1 h after burns effectively reversed these adverse effects and protected the integrity of BBB. These results suggest that burns increase BBB permeability through both paracellular pathway and transcytosis, the potential mechanism of which might be through increasing IL-6 and IL-1β levels and decreasing Mfsd2a level, and appropriate treatment with UC-MSCs can reverse these effects and protect the integrity of BBB after burns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Yang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Dermatology, Fourth Medical Center, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Kui Ma
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Cuiping Zhang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yufan Liu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Dermatology, Fourth Medical Center, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Liang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wenzhi Hu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaowei Bian
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China.,Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Siming Yang
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Dermatology, Fourth Medical Center, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaobing Fu
- Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration Affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital and PLA Medical College, Beijing, China.,Department of Dermatology, Fourth Medical Center, PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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