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Maqsood R, Schofield S, Bennett AN, Khattab A, Bull AMJ, Fear NT, Boos CJ. Exploratory analysis of spontaneous versus paced breathing on heart rate variability in veterans with combat-related traumatic injury. PM R 2024. [PMID: 38634349 DOI: 10.1002/pmrj.13164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiration is a crucial determinant of autonomic balance and heart rate variability (HRV). The comparative effect of spontaneous versus paced breathing on HRV has been almost exclusively explored in healthy adults and never been investigated in an injured military cohort. OBJECTIVE To examine the effect of spontaneous versus paced breathing on HRV in veterans with combat-related traumatic injury (CRTI). DESIGN Observational cohort study. SETTING ArmeD serVices trAuma rehabilitatioN outComE (ADVANCE) study, Stanford Hall, UK. PARTICIPANTS The sample consisted of 100 randomly selected participants who sustained CRTI (eg, amputation) during their deployment (Afghanistan 2003-2014) and were recruited into the ongoing ADVANCE prospective cohort study. INTERVENTION Not applicable. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE HRV was recorded using a single-lead ECG. HRV data were acquired during a sequential protocol of 5-minute spontaneous breathing followed immediately by 5 minutes of paced breathing (six cycles/minute) among fully rested and supine participants. HRV was reported using time domain (root mean square of successive differences), frequency domain (low frequency and high frequency) and nonlinear (sample entropy) measures. The agreement between HRV during spontaneous versus paced breathing was examined using the Bland-Altman analysis. RESULTS The mean age of participants was 36.5 ± 4.6 years. Resting respiratory rate was significantly higher with spontaneous versus paced breathing (13.4 ± 3.4 vs. 7.6 ± 2.0 breaths/minute; p < .001), respectively. Resting mean heart rate and root mean square of successive differences were significantly higher with paced breathing than spontaneous breathing (p < .001). Paced breathing significantly increased median low frequency power than spontaneous breathing (p < .001). No significant difference was found in the absolute power of high frequency between the two breathing protocols. The Bland-Altman analysis revealed poor agreement between HRV values during spontaneous and paced breathing conditions with wide limits of agreement. CONCLUSION Slow-paced breathing leads to higher HRV than spontaneous breathing and could overestimate resting "natural-state" HRV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabeea Maqsood
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Health & Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, UK
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Susie Schofield
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Alexander N Bennett
- National Heart and Lung Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
- Academic Department of Military Rehabilitation, Defence Medical Rehabilitation Centre, Stanford Hall Estate, Loughborough, UK
| | - Ahmed Khattab
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Health & Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, UK
| | - Anthony M J Bull
- Centre for Blast Injury Studies, Department of Bioengineering, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Nicola T Fear
- The Academic Department of Military Mental Health, King's College London, London, UK
| | - Christopher J Boos
- Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Health & Social Sciences, Bournemouth University, Bournemouth, UK
- Department of Cardiology, University Hospitals Dorset, Poole Hospital, Poole, UK
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Yu Y, Chen T, Zheng Z, Jia F, Liao Y, Ren Y, Liu X, Liu Y. The role of the autonomic nervous system in polycystic ovary syndrome. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1295061. [PMID: 38313837 PMCID: PMC10834786 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1295061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
This article reviewed the relationship between the autonomic nervous system and the development of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). PCOS is the most common reproductive endocrine disorder among women of reproductive age. Its primary characteristics include persistent anovulation, hyperandrogenism, and polycystic ovarian morphology, often accompanied by disturbances in glucose and lipid metabolism. The body's functions are regulated by the autonomic nervous system, which consists mainly of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. The autonomic nervous system helps maintain homeostasis in the body. Research indicates that ovarian function in mammals is under autonomic neural control. The ovaries receive central nervous system information through the ovarian plexus nerves and the superior ovarian nerves. Neurotransmitters mediate neural function, with acetylcholine and norepinephrine being the predominant autonomic neurotransmitters. They influence the secretion of ovarian steroids and follicular development. In animal experiments, estrogen, androgens, and stress-induced rat models have been used to explore the relationship between PCOS and the autonomic nervous system. Results have shown that the activation of the autonomic nervous system contributes to the development of PCOS in rat. In clinical practice, assessments of autonomic nervous system function in PCOS patients have been gradually employed. These assessments include heart rate variability testing, measurement of muscle sympathetic nerve activity, skin sympathetic response testing, and post-exercise heart rate recovery evaluation. PCOS patients exhibit autonomic nervous system dysfunction, characterized by increased sympathetic nervous system activity and decreased vagal nerve activity. Abnormal metabolic indicators in PCOS women can also impact autonomic nervous system activity. Clinical studies have shown that various effective methods for managing PCOS regulate patients' autonomic nervous system activity during the treatment process. This suggests that improving autonomic nervous system activity may be an effective approach in treating PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Yu
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Tong Chen
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zheng Zheng
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Fan Jia
- Wuxi Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi, China
| | - Yan Liao
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuehan Ren
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xinmin Liu
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Guang’anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Fan Z, Suzuki Y, Jiang L, Okabe S, Honda S, Endo J, Watanabe T, Abe T. Peripheral blood flow estimated by laser doppler flowmetry provides additional information about sleep state beyond that provided by pulse rate variability. Front Physiol 2023; 14:1040425. [PMID: 36776965 PMCID: PMC9908953 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1040425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulse rate variability (PRV), derived from Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) or photoplethysmography, has recently become widely used for sleep state assessment, although it cannot identify all the sleep stages. Peripheral blood flow (BF), also estimated by LDF, may be modulated by sleep stages; however, few studies have explored its potential for assessing sleep state. Thus, we aimed to investigate whether peripheral BF could provide information about sleep stages, and thus improve sleep state assessment. We performed electrocardiography and simultaneously recorded BF signals by LDF from the right-index finger and ear concha of 45 healthy participants (13 women; mean age, 22.5 ± 3.4 years) during one night of polysomnographic recording. Time- and frequency-domain parameters of peripheral BF, and time-domain, frequency-domain, and non-linear indices of PRV and heart rate variability (HRV) were calculated. Finger-BF parameters in the time and frequency domains provided information about different sleep stages, some of which (such as the difference between N1 and rapid eye movement sleep) were not revealed by finger-PRV. In addition, finger-PRV patterns and HRV patterns were similar for most parameters. Further, both finger- and ear-BF results showed 0.2-0.3 Hz oscillations that varied with sleep stages, with a significant increase in N3, suggesting a modulation of respiration within this frequency band. These results showed that peripheral BF could provide information for different sleep stages, some of which was complementary to the information provided by PRV. Furthermore, the combination of peripheral BF and PRV may be more advantageous than HRV alone in assessing sleep states and related autonomic nervous activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Fan
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- The Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) Foreign Researcher, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Suzuki
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Like Jiang
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - Satomi Okabe
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
- Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Science, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Takashi Abe
- International Institute for Integrative Sleep Medicine (WPI-IIIS), University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan
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Mizeva I, Potapova E, Dremin V, Kozlov I, Dunaev A. Spatial heterogeneity of cutaneous blood flow respiratory-related oscillations quantified via laser speckle contrast imaging. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0252296. [PMID: 34043720 PMCID: PMC8158914 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0252296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
LSCI technique provides experimental data which can be considered in the context of spatial blood flow coherency. Analysis of vascular tone oscillations gives additional information to ensure a better understanding of the mechanisms affecting microvascular physiology. The oscillations with different frequencies are due to different physiological mechanisms. The reasons for the generation of peripheral blood flow oscillations in the 0.14-0.6 Hz frequency band are as follows: cardio-respiratory interactions, pressure variations in the venous part of the circulatory system, and the effect of the sympathetic nervous system on the vascular tone. Earlier, we described the spatial heterogeneity of around 0.3 Hz oscillations and this motivated us to continue the research to find the conditions for the occurrence of spatial phase synchronization. For this purpose, a number of physiological tests (controlled respiration, breath holder, and venous occlusion tests) which influence the blood flow oscillations of 0.14-0.6 Hz were considered, an appropriate measurement system and the required data processing algorithms were developed. At spontaneous respiration, the oscillations with frequencies around 0.3 Hz were stochastic, whereas all the performed tests induced an increase in spatial coherence. The protocols and methods proposed here can help to clarify whether the heterogeneity of respiratory-related blood flow oscillations exists on the skin surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Mizeva
- Institute of Continuous Media Mechanics UrB RAS, Perm, Russia
- Research & Development Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, Orel, Russia
- * E-mail:
| | - Elena Potapova
- Research & Development Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, Orel, Russia
| | - Viktor Dremin
- Research & Development Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, Orel, Russia
- College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham, United Kingdom
| | - Igor Kozlov
- Research & Development Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, Orel, Russia
| | - Andrey Dunaev
- Research & Development Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, Orel, Russia
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Cardiac Autonomic Nervous System Activity during Slow Breathing in Supine Position. Rehabil Res Pract 2021; 2021:6619571. [PMID: 33728068 PMCID: PMC7936890 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6619571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 02/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to clarify cardiac autonomic nervous system activity during slow breathing exercises in a supine position. Eighteen healthy young males were participated. Heart rate variability was measured for 5 minutes at rest, 5 minutes at slow breathing, and then 5 minutes at rest. As a result, the LF/HF ratio increased with slow breathing, but HF value did not change. We suggest that the increased LF/HF ratio may be due to increased airway resistance. Cardiac autonomic nervous system activity during slow breathing in the supine position was revealed.
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Saha M, Dremin V, Rafailov I, Dunaev A, Sokolovski S, Rafailov E. Wearable Laser Doppler Flowmetry Sensor: A Feasibility Study with Smoker and Non-Smoker Volunteers. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2020; 10:bios10120201. [PMID: 33297337 PMCID: PMC7762214 DOI: 10.3390/bios10120201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 12/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Novel, non-invasive wearable laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) devices measure real-time blood circulation of the left middle fingertip and the topside of the wrist of the left hand. The LDF signals are simultaneously recorded for fingertip and wrist. The amplitude of blood flow signals and wavelet analysis of the signal are used for the analysis of blood perfusion parameters. The aim of this pilot study is to validate the accuracy of blood circulation measurements recorded by one such non-invasive wearable LDF device for healthy young non-smokers and smokers. This study reveals a higher level of blood perfusion in the non-smoker group compared to the smoker group and vice-versa for the variation of pulse frequency. This result can be useful to assess the sensitivity of the wearable LDF sensor in determining the effect of nicotine for smokers as compared to non-smokers and also the blood microcirculation in smokers with different pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mou Saha
- Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; (S.S.); (E.R.)
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (V.D.)
| | - Viktor Dremin
- Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; (S.S.); (E.R.)
- Research & Development Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, 302026 Orel, Russia;
- Correspondence: (M.S.); (V.D.)
| | - Ilya Rafailov
- Aston Medical Technology Ltd., Birmingham B7 4BB, UK;
| | - Andrey Dunaev
- Research & Development Center of Biomedical Photonics, Orel State University, 302026 Orel, Russia;
| | - Sergei Sokolovski
- Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; (S.S.); (E.R.)
| | - Edik Rafailov
- Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK; (S.S.); (E.R.)
- Saratov State University, 410012 Saratov, Russia
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A pilot study: Wavelet cross-correlation of cardiovascular oscillations under controlled respiration in humans. Microvasc Res 2020; 130:103993. [PMID: 32194083 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2020.103993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The influence of deep controlled respiration on cardiovascular oscillations in 13 healthy young volunteers was studied. A measurement system comprising electrocardiography, laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) and photoplethysmography (PPG) was used to estimate heart rate variability (HRV), tissue blood volume and skin blood perfusion at spontaneous respiration and during three tests at controlled conditions. In the latter case, respiration was controlled in both rate (0.04, 0.1 and 0.25 Hz) and depth. During respiration at 0.04 and 0.1 Hz, the amplification of a respiratory-related component in the spectra of HRV and PPG signals turned out to be more significant than that at spontaneous respiration, and at 0.25 Hz this component remained unchanged. Controlled respiration caused a significant increase in correlation in HRV-PPG, HRV-LDF and PPG-LDF pairs of signals compared to spontaneous one. At 0.25 Hz controlled respiration, no significant increase in correlation in these pairs of signals was found. The differences observed in this study can be attributed to the effects of the sympathetic nerve activity on vascular tone regulation.
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8
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Traktirskaya OA, Popova EV, Lashch NY, Adasheva TV, Boyko AN. [Comorbid pathology of the cardiovascular system in young patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2020; 119:72-80. [PMID: 31934991 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro20191191072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
AIM To study the state of the cardiovascular system and peripheral microcirculation in young patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS). MATERIAL AND METHODS The study included 45 MS patients (17 men and 28 women, age 28 [24; 32] years, disease duration 5.5 [2; 7] years). The control group included healthy controls (age 30 [25; 33] years). Neurological and cardiologic examinations included 24-hour Holter ECG monitoring and 24-hour blood pressure monitoring with determination of the daily arterial vascular stiffness, echocardiography, laser doppler flowmetry followed by an occlusive test to assess the state of microvasculation, levels of serum vascular cellular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1). RESULTS In MS group, the results of 24-hour blood pressure monitoring showed that the variability of systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure during daytime hours was reduced compared to the control group (p<0.026 and p<0.002, respectively). The indicators of daily arterial stiffness in MS group were significantly increased (p<0.001). According to the results of Holter ECG monitoring, no heart rhythm disorder was detected in both groups, except an increase in the number of supraventricular extrasystoles in MS patients compared to the control group (p<0.005). There were no between group differences in echocardiography indicators. The level of VCAM-1 was significantly increased in MS group compared to controls (p<0.001). CONCLUSION Young MS patients are at risk of cardiovascular diseases associated with the variability of blood pressure and indexes of daily arterial vascular stiffness.
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Affiliation(s)
- O A Traktirskaya
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov, Moscow, Russia
| | - E V Popova
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Interdistrict Division of Multiple Sclerosis, the 24th City Hospital of Moscow, Moscow, Russia
| | - N Yu Lashch
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - T V Adasheva
- Moscow State University of Medicine and Dentistry named after A.I. Evdokimov, Moscow, Russia
| | - A N Boyko
- Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Department of Neuroimmunology of the Federal Center of Cerebrovascular Pathology and Stroke, Moscow, Russia
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Hodges GJ, Mallette MM, Cheung SS. The reliability of cutaneous low-frequency oscillations in young healthy males. Microcirculation 2019; 26:e12546. [PMID: 30932285 DOI: 10.1111/micc.12546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2019] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Spectral analyses of laser-Doppler flowmetry measures enable a simple and non-invasive method to investigate mechanisms regulating skin blood flow. We assessed within-day and day-to-day variability of cutaneous spectral analyses. METHODS Eleven young, healthy males were tested twice in three identical sessions, with 19 to 24 days between visits, for a total of six tests. Wavelet data were analyzed at rest, in response to local skin heating to 42 and 44°C, and during 5-minutes PORH. We did this for six frequency bands commonly associated with physiological functions. To assess reliability, we calculated CV and ICC scores. RESULTS At rest, mean CV for the wavelet data ranged from 21% to 24% and ICC scores ranged from 0.67 to 0.91. During local heating, mean CV scores ranged from 17% to 22% and mean ICC scores ranged from 0.71 to 0.95. For peak PORH, CV ranged from 14% to 23% and the ICC range was 0.88 to 0.97. For the area under the curve of the PORH, CV range was 12% to 21% and ICC range was 0.81 to 0.92. CONCLUSIONS These analyses indicate good-to-excellent reliability of the wavelet data in healthy young males.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gary J Hodges
- Environmental Ergonomics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matthew M Mallette
- Environmental Ergonomics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
| | - Stephen S Cheung
- Environmental Ergonomics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Ontario, Canada
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Reducing bedtime physiological arousal levels using immersive audio-visual respiratory bio-feedback: a pilot study in women with insomnia symptoms. J Behav Med 2019; 42:973-983. [PMID: 30790211 DOI: 10.1007/s10865-019-00020-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 02/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Hyperarousal is a critical component of insomnia, particularly at bedtime when individuals are trying to fall asleep. The current study evaluated the effect of a novel, acute behavioral experimental manipulation (combined immersive audio-visual relaxation and biofeedback) in reducing bedtime physiological hyperarousal in women with insomnia symptoms. After a clinical/adaptation polysomnographic (PSG) night, sixteen women with insomnia symptoms had two random-order PSG nights: immersive audio-visual respiratory bio-feedback across the falling asleep period (manipulation night), and no pre-sleep arousal manipulation (control night). While using immersive audio-visual respiratory bio-feedback, overall heart rate variability was increased and heart rate (HR) was reduced (by ~ 5 bpm; p < 0.01), reflecting downregulation of autonomic pre-sleep arousal, relative to no-manipulation. HR continued to be lower during sleep, and participants had fewer awakenings and sleep stage transitions on the manipulation night relative to the control night (p < 0.05). The manipulation did not affect sleep onset latency or other PSG parameters. Overall, this novel behavioral approach targeting the falling asleep process emphasizes the importance of pre-sleep hyperarousal as a potential target for improving sleep and nocturnal autonomic function during sleep in insomnia.
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Grinevich AA, Tankanag AV, Chemeris NK. The Impact of Stochastic Perturbations upon the Hydrodynamic Relationship between the Activity of Human Cardiac Ventricles and Low-Frequency Blood Flow Oscillations in the Microcirculatory Bed. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s000635091901007x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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12
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De Souza LA, Ferreira JB, Schein ASDO, Dartora DR, Casali AG, Scassola CMC, Tobaldini E, Montano N, Guzzetti S, Porta A, Irigoyen MC, Casali KR. Optimization of Vagal Stimulation Protocol Based on Spontaneous Breathing Rate. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1341. [PMID: 30319449 PMCID: PMC6168675 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Controlled breathing maneuver is being widely applied for cardiovascular autonomic control evaluation and cardiac vagal activation through reduction of breathing rate (BR). However, this maneuver presented contradictory results depending on the protocol and the chosen BR. These variations may be related to the individual intrinsic profile baseline sympathetic tonus, as described before by others. In this study, we evaluated the effect of controlled breathing maneuver on cardiovascular autonomic control in 26 healthy subjects allocated into two protocols: (1) controlled breathing in three different rates (10, 15, and 20 breaths/min) and (2) controlled breathing in rates normalized by the individual spontaneous breathing rate (SBR) at 100, 80, 70, and 50%. Our results showed autonomic responses favorable to vagal modulation with the lower BR maneuvers. Nevertheless, while this activation was variable using the standard protocol, all participants of the normalized protocol demonstrated an increase of vagal modulation at 80% BR (HFnu 80 = 67.5% vs. 48.2%, p < 0.0001). These results suggest that controlled breathing protocols to induce vagal activation should consider the SBR, being limited to values moderately lower than the baseline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liliane Appratto De Souza
- Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul, University Foundation of Cardiology, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | | | | | - Daniela Ravizzoni Dartora
- Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul, University Foundation of Cardiology, Porto Alegre, Brazil
| | - Adenauer Girardi Casali
- Department of Science and Technology, Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Catharina M Carvalho Scassola
- Department of Science and Technology, Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos, Brazil
| | - Eleonora Tobaldini
- Department of Clinical Science, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Nicola Montano
- Department of Clinical Science, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Stefano Guzzetti
- Department of Clinical Science, Luigi Sacco Hospital, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Porta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.,Department of Cardiothoracic, Vascular Anesthesia and Intensive Care, IRCCS Policlinico San Donato, San Donato Milanese, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Claudia Irigoyen
- Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul, University Foundation of Cardiology, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Hypertension Division, Medicine School, Heart Institute, São Paulo University, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Karina Rabello Casali
- Institute of Cardiology of Rio Grande do Sul, University Foundation of Cardiology, Porto Alegre, Brazil.,Department of Science and Technology, Institute of Science and Technology, Federal University of São Paulo, São José dos Campos, Brazil
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Cheng KS, Han RP, Lee PF. Neurophysiological study on the effect of various short durations of deep breathing: A randomized controlled trial. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2018; 249:23-31. [DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2017.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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14
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Tankanag AV, Grinevich AA, Tikhonova IV, Chaplygina AV, Chemeris NK. Phase synchronization of skin blood flow oscillations in humans under asymmetric local heating. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350917040212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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15
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Mallette MM, Hodges GJ, McGarr GW, Gabriel DA, Cheung SS. Spectral analysis of reflex cutaneous vasodilatation during passive heat stress. Microvasc Res 2017; 111:42-48. [PMID: 28065673 DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2016.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Revised: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Previous work has demonstrated that spectral analysis is a useful tool to non-invasively ascertain the mechanisms of control of the cutaneous circulation. The majority of work using spectral analysis has focused on local control mechanisms, with none examining reflex control. Skin blood flow was analysed using spectral analysis on the dorsal aspect of the forearm of 7 males and 7 females during passive heat stress, with mean forearm and local temperature at the site of measurement maintained at thermoneutral (33°C) to minimize the effect of local control mechanisms. Participants were passively heated to ~1.2±0.1°C above baseline rectal temperature (d=4.0, P<0.001) using a water-perfused, tube lined suit, with skin blood flow assessed using a laser-Doppler probe with an integrated temperature monitor. Spectral analysis was performed using a Morlet wavelet on the entire data set, with median power extracted during 20min of data during baseline (normothermia) and hyperthermia. Passive heat stress significantly increased laser-Doppler flux above baseline (d=4.7, P<0.001). Spectral power of the endothelial nitric oxide-independent (0.005-0.01Hz; d=1.1, P=0.004), neurogenic (0.2-0.05Hz; d=0.6, P=0.025), myogenic (0.05-0.15Hz; d=1.5, P=0.002), respiratory (0.15-0.4Hz; d=1.4 P=0.002), and cardiac (0.4-2.0Hz; d=1.1, P=0.012) frequency intervals increased with passive heat stress. In contrast, the endothelial nitric oxide-dependent frequency interval did not change (0.01-0.02Hz; d=0.3, P=0.09) with passive heat stress. These data suggest that cutaneous reflex vasodilatation is neurogenic in origin and not mediated by endothelial-nitric oxide synthase, and are congruent with invasive examinations of reflex cutaneous vasodilatation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew M Mallette
- Environmental Ergonomics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada
| | - Gary J Hodges
- Environmental Ergonomics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada
| | - Gregory W McGarr
- Environmental Ergonomics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada
| | - David A Gabriel
- Electromyographic Kinesiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada
| | - Stephen S Cheung
- Environmental Ergonomics Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Brock University, St. Catharines, Canada.
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Tankanag AV, Grinevich AA, Kirilina TV, Krasnikov GV, Piskunova GM, Chemeris NK. Wavelet phase coherence analysis of the skin blood flow oscillations in human. Microvasc Res 2014; 95:53-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mvr.2014.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2014] [Revised: 07/04/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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