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Huang B, Liu J, Ding F, Li Y. Epidemiology, risk areas and macro determinants of gastric cancer: a study based on geospatial analysis. Int J Health Geogr 2023; 22:32. [PMID: 38007458 PMCID: PMC10675916 DOI: 10.1186/s12942-023-00356-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 11/27/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Both incidence and mortality of gastric cancer in Gansu rank first in china, this study aimed to describe the recent prevalence of gastric cancer and explore the social and environmental determinants of gastric cancer in Gansu Province. METHODS The incidence of gastric cancer in each city of Gansu Province was calculated by utilizing clinical data from patients with gastric cancer (2013-2021) sourced from the medical big data platform of the Gansu Province Health Commission, and demographic data provided by the Gansu Province Bureau of Statistics. Subsequently, we conducted joinpoint regression analysis, spatial auto-correlation analysis, space-time scanning analysis, as well as an exploration into the correlation between social and environmental factors and GC incidence in Gansu Province with Joinpoint_5.0, ArcGIS_10.8, GeoDa, SaTScanTM_10.1.1 and GeoDetector_2018. RESULTS A total of 75,522 cases of gastric cancer were included in this study. Our findings suggested a significant upward trend in the incidence of gastric cancer over the past nine years. Notably, Wuwei, Zhangye and Jinchang had the highest incidence rates while Longnan, Qingyang and Jiayuguan had the lowest. In spatial analysis, we have identified significant high-high cluster areas and delineated two high-risk regions as well as one low-risk region for gastric cancer in Gansu. Furthermore, our findings suggested that several social and environmental determinants such as medical resource allocation, regional economic development and climate conditions exerted significant influence on the incidence of gastric cancer. CONCLUSIONS Gastric cancer remains an enormous threat to people in Gansu Province, the significant risk areas, social and environmental determinants were observed in this study, which may improve our understanding of gastric cancer epidemiology and help guide public health interventions in Gansu Province.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binjie Huang
- Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Feifei Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yumin Li
- Department of General Surgery, Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
- Key Laboratory of the Digestive System Tumors of Gansu Province, Lanzhou, China.
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China.
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Wang Q, He Y, Long F, Li C, Shen Z, Guo D, Zhaxi D, Bumu L, Hua Z, Sun Z, Jiang N, Han X, Li J, Yan K, Bai S, Tao M, Xu X, Xiao Z. Cervical cancer screening in high-altitude areas in China: A large cross-section study of 25,173 women in northern Tibet. Front Oncol 2022; 12:841547. [PMID: 36091127 PMCID: PMC9452642 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.841547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Cervical cancer has become a worldwide concern owing to its high incidence and mortality rates. To date, high-altitude areas of Tibet have not benefited from any large-scale cervical cancer screening programs. Therefore, we initiated a screening program to investigate the prevalence of human papilloma virus (HPV) and HPV genotype distribution to reveal cervical cancer and its precursor which lead to morbidity among women in the city of Nagqu in northern Tib3et. Methods A total of 25,173 women were recruited to undergo HPV genotype tests between June and December 2019. Women infected with HPV 16 and/or 18 underwent colposcopy and histological examination. Women with other high-risk HPV type (hr-HPV) underwent cytological tests to determine whether to conduct further colposcopy and histological examination for diagnosis. HPV prevalence was calculated in the total population and further stratified according to various parameters, such as age group, area location (altitude level), and single or mixed infection status. The HPV genotype distribution was also investigated accordingly. Cervical lesions revealed by further colposcopic findings were also analyzed; high-grade and malignant lesion morbidities were calculated in total and in each county. Most data were collected and analyzed using descriptive and consistency check statistical methods, and a risk factor investigation for HPV infection was performed using logistic regression models. Results The total HPV infection rate among women in Nagqu was 13.42%. Of the 25,173 women in the study, 999 (3.97%) were HPV 16/18 positive, 2,379 (9.45%) were other hr-HPV-positive, and 21,795 (86.58%) were HPV-negative. The five most common HPV genotypes, accounting for more than 60% of all HPV infections in Nagqu people, were HPV 16, 58, 31, 18, and 52. Tibetan women younger than 20 years and older than 60 years were the two age groups with the highest rates of HPV infection, 26.7% and 19.8%, respectively. Among the HPV-positive women, 2,656 (78.33%) were infected with a single strain and 732 (21.67%) were infected with multiple strains (more than two genotypes). HPV prevalence increased in high-altitude areas (positive rate highest in Nyima with an altitude of 5,000 m, 23.9%) and decreased in relatively low-altitude areas (positive rate lowest in Lhari with an altitude of 4,000 m, 6.6%). Multiple analyses showed that age, parity, age at first delivery, and altitude of residence were independent factors facilitating HPV infection in Tibetan women. High-grade and malignant cervical lesions revealed by histological findings were different among living locations, with the highest rates in Xainza, Baingoin, and Nyainrong, these being 2.019%, 1.820%, and 1.116%, respectively, among women in these areas. Conclusion Our survey provides an overall perspective on HPV genotype infection and cervical lesions in women in northern Tibet. The data not only provide useful information for the treatment of cervical lesions but also has great value in terms of the primary and secondary prevention measures that can be taken for women living in these regions. Clinical Trial Registration www.chictr.org.cn, indentifier ChiCTR2000035061.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qimin Wang
- Institute of High Altitude Medicine, People’s Hospital of Nagqu affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Nagqu, China
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yingying He
- Institute of High Altitude Medicine, People’s Hospital of Nagqu affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Nagqu, China
- Department of Pathology, Dalian Maternal and Child Medical Group, Dalian, China
| | - Fang Long
- Institute of High Altitude Medicine, People’s Hospital of Nagqu affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Nagqu, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People’s Hospital of Nagqu affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Nagqu, China
| | - Chaoran Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Performance and Quality Management Department, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhuowei Shen
- Institute of High Altitude Medicine, People’s Hospital of Nagqu affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Nagqu, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Dongxing Guo
- Institute of High Altitude Medicine, People’s Hospital of Nagqu affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Nagqu, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People’s Hospital of Nagqu affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Nagqu, China
| | - Duoji Zhaxi
- Institute of High Altitude Medicine, People’s Hospital of Nagqu affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Nagqu, China
| | - Lamu Bumu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People’s Hospital of Nagqu affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Nagqu, China
| | - Zhengyu Hua
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Zhigang Sun
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Nan Jiang
- Department of Pathology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xu Han
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Jing Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Keqing Yan
- Department of Pathology, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Siqi Bai
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Muhan Tao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Xiaoguang Xu
- Institute of High Altitude Medicine, People’s Hospital of Nagqu affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Nagqu, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- *Correspondence: Zhen Xiao, ; Xiaoguang Xu,
| | - Zhen Xiao
- Institute of High Altitude Medicine, People’s Hospital of Nagqu affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Nagqu, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, People’s Hospital of Nagqu affiliated to Dalian Medical University, Nagqu, China
- *Correspondence: Zhen Xiao, ; Xiaoguang Xu,
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