The stakeholder value proposition of digital platforms in an urban ecosystem

Ecosystem social responsibility in international digital commerce

Despite the surge of interest in digital globalization, its social dimensions have received far less attention than deserved. The lack of conversation between the two prominent areas of IB research, digitalization, and corporate social responsibility, presents a valuable opportunity for extending the agenda Ioannou and Serafeim (J Int Bus Stud 43(9):834-864, 2012) pioneered a decade earlier. We briefly depict the organizational differences between multinational enterprises (MNEs) and multinational platforms (MNPs), followed by a closer look at how social responsibility of digital platforms might depart from our conventional understanding derived from MNEs. We then propose the notion of ecosystem social responsibility emphasizing social value co-creation before categorizing the main areas of social issues specific to MNPs. Based on these ideas, we derive several new insights into the social challenges faced by firms governing global platforms versus multidomestic platforms, respectively, as they serve international markets. Lastly, we discuss future research directions and, in particular, the implications for ecosystem sustainability.

Interactions and Co-Governance Policies of Stakeholders in the Carbon Emission Reduction

Stakeholders need to participate in the carbon abatement activities to achieve carbon peak and carbon neutralization. This paper developed a system of evaluation indices on carbon emission reduction of stakeholders to elucidate the interplaying relationships among stakeholders in carbon emission reduction by using the structural equation model. The analysis showed that (1) the five stakeholders affecting carbon-reduction intensity are ranked in the following descending order: manufacturing enterprises, government, energy supply industry, R&D organizations, and financial institutions, while (2) stakeholders positively affect manufacturing enterprises and government. Notably, manufacturing enterprises exhibit the greater positive influence on carbon-reduction intensity. Finally, (3) the study results indicated how to build the co-governance mechanism by stakeholders to reduce carbon emissions. Overall, this study provided a theoretical support for the stakeholders of carbon emission reduction to clarify their roles, cooperation, and participation in carbon emission reduction, thereby realizing their own interests, while guiding stakeholders toward the carbon emission reduction.