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Kasai Y, Morino T, Nakayama T, Yamamoto K, Kojima H. Analysis of the potential of human cultured nasal epithelial cell sheets to differentiate into airway epithelium. FASEB Bioadv 2023; 5:89-100. [PMID: 36876298 PMCID: PMC9983074 DOI: 10.1096/fba.2022-00106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Understanding the expected efficacy and safety of a new regenerative therapy requires analysis of the fate of the transplanted cell graft. We have shown that transplantation of autologous cultured nasal epithelial cell sheets onto the middle ear mucosa can improve middle ear aeration and hearing. However, it remains unknown whether cultured nasal epithelial cell sheets have the potential to gain mucociliary function in the environment of the middle ear because sampling cell sheets after transplantation is challenging. The present study re-cultured cultured nasal epithelial cell sheets in different culture media and evaluated whether the sheets have the potential to differentiate into airway epithelium. Before re-cultivation, cultured nasal epithelial cell sheets fabricated in keratinocyte culture medium (KCM) contained no FOXJ1-positive and acetyl-α-tubulin-positive multiciliated cells or MUC5AC-positive mucus cells. Interestingly, multiciliated cells and mucus cells were observed when the cultured nasal epithelial cell sheets were re-cultured in conditions that promote differentiation of airway epithelium. However, multiciliated cells, mucus cells and CK1-positive keratinized cells were not observed when cultured nasal epithelial cell sheets were re-cultured in conditions that promote epithelial keratinization. These findings support the suggestion that cultured nasal epithelial cell sheets have the ability to differentiate and gain mucociliary function in response to an appropriate environment (possibly including the environment found in the middle ear) but are unable to develop into an epithelial type that differs from its origins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiyuki Kasai
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology The Jikei University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Tsunetaro Morino
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology The Jikei University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Tsuguhisa Nakayama
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology The Jikei University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan.,Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery Dokkyo Medical University Tochigi Japan
| | - Kazuhisa Yamamoto
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology The Jikei University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
| | - Hiromi Kojima
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology The Jikei University School of Medicine Tokyo Japan
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Ijichi C, Kondo K, Kobayashi M, Shirasawa A, Shimbo K, Nakata K, Maruyama Y, Ihara Y, Kawato Y, Mannen T, Takeshita R, Kikuchi Y, Saito Y, Yamasoba T. Lipocalin 15 in the olfactory mucus is a biomarker for Bowman's gland activity. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9984. [PMID: 35750866 PMCID: PMC9232505 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13464-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Olfactory mucus contributes to the specific functions of the olfactory mucosa, but the composition and source of mucus proteins have not been fully elucidated. In this study, we used comprehensive proteome analysis and identified lipocalin 15 (LCN15), a human-specific lipocalin family protein, as an abundant component of the olfactory mucus. Western blot analysis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using a newly generated anti-LCN15 antibody showed that LCN15 was concentrated in olfactory mucus samples, but not in respiratory mucus samples. Immunohistochemical staining using anti-LCN15 antibody revealed that LCN15 localized to the cytokeratin 18-positive Bowman's glands of the olfactory cleft mucosa. Quantitative image analysis revealed that the area of LCN15 immunoreactivity along the olfactory cleft mucosa significantly correlated with the area of neuron-specific Protein-Gene Product 9.5 (PGP9.5) immunoreactivity, suggesting that LCN15 is produced in non-degenerated areas of the olfactory neuroepithelium. ELISA demonstrated that the concentration of LCN15 in the mucus was lower in participants with normal olfaction (≥ 50 years) and also tended to be lower in patients with idiopathic olfactory loss (≥ 50 years) than in participants with normal olfaction (< 50 years). Thus, LCN15 may serve as a biomarker for the activity of the Bowman’s glands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiori Ijichi
- Food Products Division, Technology & Solution Development Center, Institute of Food Science and Technologies, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, 210-8681, Japan.
| | - Kenji Kondo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.
| | - Masayoshi Kobayashi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Ayaka Shirasawa
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Shimbo
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Kunio Nakata
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yutaka Maruyama
- Food Products Division, Technology & Solution Development Center, Institute of Food Science and Technologies, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, 210-8681, Japan
| | - Yusuke Ihara
- Food Products Division, Technology & Solution Development Center, Institute of Food Science and Technologies, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, 210-8681, Japan
| | - Yayoi Kawato
- Food Products Division, Technology & Solution Development Center, Institute of Food Science and Technologies, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, 210-8681, Japan
| | - Teruhisa Mannen
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Rie Takeshita
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Kikuchi
- Research Institute for Bioscience Products & Fine Chemicals, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Yuki Saito
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
| | - Tatsuya Yamasoba
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan
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Kasai Y, Morino T, Dobashi I, Mori E, Yamamoto K, Kojima H. Temporary Storage of the Human Nasal Tissue and Cell Sheet for Wound Repair. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:687946. [PMID: 34368095 PMCID: PMC8334733 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.687946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporary storage of nasal tissues and nasal cell sheets, which entails transportation between hospitals and cell culture facilities, is an important issue in regenerative medicine. Herein, we investigated the preservation of chilled and frozen nasal tissues and expiry dates of ready-to-use nasal cell sheets. Although the cell number in preserved tissues was lower than that in fresh tissue, nasal cell sheets could be fabricated from tissues that had been refrigerated for 5 days and frozen-thawed over 5 days. Moreover, the nasal mucosal cell sheets were preserved in a non-hazardous buffer. The cell number, viability, and structure were not maintained in saline containing E-cadherin for 2 days; however, these were maintained in Hank's balanced salt solution for 2 days, but not for 5 days. To assess the proliferation capacity of cells in the stored cell sheets, we performed cell sheet grafting assays in vitro. Cell sheets stored in Hank's balanced salt solution for 2 days adhered to collagen gel and expanded normally. Our results show that nasal tissues can be stored temporarily in refrigerators or deep freezers, and Hank's balanced salt solution can be used for preservation of ready-to-use cell sheets for a few days.
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ROCK inhibitor combined with Ca 2+ controls the myosin II activation and optimizes human nasal epithelial cell sheets. Sci Rep 2020; 10:16853. [PMID: 33033339 PMCID: PMC7544873 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-73817-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The proliferation and differentiation of cultured epithelial cells may be modified by Rho-associated kinase (ROCK) inhibition and extracellular Ca2+ concentration. However, it was not known whether a combination would influence the behavior of cultured epithelial cells through changes in the phosphorylation of non-muscle myosin light chain II (MLC). Here we show that the combination of ROCK inhibition with Ca2+ elevation regulated the phosphorylation of MLC and improved both cell expansion and cell–cell adhesion during the culture of human nasal mucosal epithelial cell sheets. During explant culture, Ca2+ enhanced the adhesion of nasal mucosal tissue, while ROCK inhibition downregulated MLC phosphorylation and promoted cell proliferation. During cell sheet culture, an elevation of extracellular Ca2+ promoted MLC phosphorylation and formation of cell–cell junctions, allowing the harvesting of cell sheets without collapse. Moreover, an in vitro grafting assay revealed that ROCK inhibition increased the expansion of cell sheets three-fold (an effect maintained when Ca2+ was also elevated), implying better wound healing potential. We suggest that combining ROCK inhibition with elevation of Ca2+ could facilitate the fabrication of many types of cell graft.
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Hanamura N, Ohashi H, Morimoto Y, Igarashi T, Tabata Y. Viability evaluation of layered cell sheets after ultraviolet light irradiation of 222 nm. Regen Ther 2020; 14:344-351. [PMID: 32490060 PMCID: PMC7260610 DOI: 10.1016/j.reth.2020.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction The objective of this study was to evaluate the cell viability of layered cell sheets, irradiated with 222 nm UV light. Methods UV transmittance of 222 nm and 254 nm was evaluated when the cell sheets of NCTC Clone 929 cells were irradiated UV light. Cell viability was evaluated after irradiation of 222 nm using 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Following irradiation of two layered cell sheets at 500 mJ/cm2, the cell damage of lower layers was evaluated by a colony formation and MTT assays. Results The UV transmittance of 222 nm was 10 times less than that of 254 nm. A MTT assay revealed that cells of cell sheets irradiated at 222 nm was less damaged than those at 254 nm, when irradiated at 5 mJ/cm2. Cell colonies were formed for cells of lower layers irradiated at 222 nm whereas no colony formation was observed for those irradiated at 254 nm. Significantly higher MTT activity was observed for cells of lower layers irradiated at 222 nm than at 254 nm. Conclusions It is concluded that 222 nm irradiation is biologically safe for cell viability. The cell viability of two-layered cell sheets was evaluated after irradiation of UV light at 222 nm. UV light at 222 nm is safer to the lower layer than the conventional UV light at 254 nm. The reason can be attributed to the lower transmission of UV light at 222 nm through cell sheets. UV light at 222 nm could be one of promising tools to be required for the sterilization in the field of regenerative therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nami Hanamura
- Ushio Inc., Marunouchi 1-6-5, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, Japan.,Laboratory of Biomaterials, Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
| | | | | | | | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Department of Regeneration Science and Engineering, Institute for Frontier Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, 53 Kawara-cho Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8507, Japan
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