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Smolinska V, Harsanyi S, Bohac M, Danisovic L. Exploring the Three-Dimensional Frontier: Advancements in MSC Spheroids and Their Implications for Breast Cancer and Personalized Regenerative Therapies. Biomedicines 2023; 12:52. [PMID: 38255159 PMCID: PMC10813175 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12010052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
To more accurately replicate the in vivo three-dimensional (3D) mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) niche and enhance cellular phenotypes for superior in vivo treatments, MSC functionalization through in vitro 3D culture approaches has gained attention. The organization of MSCs in 3D spheroids results in altered cell shape, cytoskeleton rearrangement, and polarization. Investigations have revealed that the survival and secretory capability of MSCs are positively impacted by moderate hypoxia within the inner zones of MSC spheroids. The spheroid hypoxic microenvironment enhances the production of angiogenic and anti-apoptotic molecules, including HGF, VEGF, and FGF-2. Furthermore, it upregulates the expression of hypoxia-adaptive molecules such as CXCL12 and HIF-1, inhibiting MSC death. The current review focuses on the latest developments in fundamental and translational research concerning three-dimensional MSC systems. This emphasis extends to the primary benefits and potential applications of MSC spheroids, particularly in the context of breast cancer and customized regenerative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Smolinska
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.S.); (M.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Stefan Harsanyi
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.S.); (M.B.); (L.D.)
| | - Martin Bohac
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.S.); (M.B.); (L.D.)
- Regenmed Ltd., Medena 29, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lubos Danisovic
- Institute of Medical Biology, Genetics and Clinical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, Sasinkova 4, 811 08 Bratislava, Slovakia; (V.S.); (M.B.); (L.D.)
- Regenmed Ltd., Medena 29, 811 02 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Liu Y, Liu R, Liu H, Lyu T, Chen K, Jin K, Tian Y. Breast tumor-on-chip: from the tumor microenvironment to medical applications. Analyst 2023; 148:5822-5842. [PMID: 37850340 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01295f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
With the development of microfluidic technology, tumor-on-chip models have gradually become a new tool for the study of breast cancer because they can simulate more key factors of the tumor microenvironment compared with traditional models in vitro. Here, we review up-to-date advancements in breast tumor-on-chip models. We summarize and analyze the breast tumor microenvironment (TME), preclinical breast cancer models for TME simulation, fabrication methods of tumor-on-chip models, tumor-on-chip models for TME reconstruction, and applications of breast tumor-on-chip models and provide a perspective on breast tumor-on-chip models. This review will contribute to the construction and design of microenvironments for breast tumor-on-chip models, even the development of the pharmaceutical field, personalized/precision therapy, and clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiying Liu
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China.
- Foshan Graduate School of Innovation, Northeastern University, Foshan, 528300, China
| | - Ruonan Liu
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China.
| | - He Liu
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China.
| | - Tong Lyu
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China.
| | - Kun Chen
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China.
| | - Kaiming Jin
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China.
| | - Ye Tian
- College of Medicine and Biological Information Engineering, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110169, China.
- Foshan Graduate School of Innovation, Northeastern University, Foshan, 528300, China
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Yang W, Jo JI, Tabata Y. A Reverse Transfection System with Cationized Gelatin Nanospheres Incorporating Molecular Beacon as a Tool to Visualize Cell Function. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2023; 6:3363-3375. [PMID: 36640270 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this research is to design a reverse transfection system with cationized gelatin nanospheres (cGNS) incorporating a molecular beacon (MB) to visualize a cell function. The cGNS were prepared by the conventional coacervation method. The MB as an imaging probe was incorporated into the cGNS to prepare imaging complexes (cGNSMB). The conventional transfection of 2D culture was performed by incubating MC3T3 cells in the medium containing cGNSMB. The reverse transfection was done by incubating cells on the substrate which had been precoated with both gelatin and cGNSMB. Significantly higher internalization efficiency and fluorescence intensity of cGNSMB were observed in the reverse transfection system than in the conventional one. To apply this system for visualization of 3D cell aggregate, gelatin microspheres (GMS) were prepared, while cGNSMB were bound on the GMS to prepare the GMS-cGNSMB of a cell scaffold. Then the cells were incubated with GMS-cGNSMB to form 3D cell aggregates. On the other hand, as a control, the conventional transfection of 3D culture was performed by incubating the cell aggregates formed with the medium containing cGNSMB. Homogeneous fluorescence of MB from the inside to the outside of aggregates was observed for the reverse transfection group. However, for the conventional transfection, the fluorescence was observed only around the surface of cell aggregates. It is concluded that the reverse transfection system with cGNS incorporating MB is promising to visualize the cell function of a higher transfection efficiency for the 2D culture and in a homogeneous manner for the 3D culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenxuan Yang
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kawahara-cho Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto606-8507, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichiro Jo
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kawahara-cho Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto606-8507, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Tabata
- Laboratory of Biomaterials, Institute for Life and Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kawahara-cho Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto606-8507, Japan
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He X, Wang S, Yu X, Zhou X. Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells response on collagen/hyaluronan/chondroitin scaffold enriched with gentamicin -loaded gelatin microparticles for skin tissue engineering. J Biomater Appl 2023:8853282231180714. [PMID: 37276487 DOI: 10.1177/08853282231180714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The repair and functional reconstruction of large skin defects caused by burn remains an intractable clinical problem. Collagen type I (ColI) was extracted from carp scales and confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ultraviolet adsorption spectra and automatic amino acid analyzer. Then the scaffolds containing the purified ColI, hyaluronic acid (HA) and chondroitin sulfate (CS) were constructed and examined. The results showed that the scaffold (ColI:CS:HA=9:1:1) had larger pore diameter, porosity, water absorption, degradation rate and tensile strength. gentamycin sulphate (GS) - gelatin microspheres (GMSs) were prepared by emulsion cross-linking method. The drug release study of the ColI-CS-HA-GS/GMSs scaffold with antibacterial property showed a prolonged, continuous, and sustained release of GS. The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) were extracted from rat and inoculated into the ColI-HA-CS-GS/GMSs scaffold. The results performed that the scaffold could accelerate proliferation of the BMSCs and wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoliang He
- Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shuai Wang
- Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xinran Yu
- Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiaohui Zhou
- Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
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Merino-Gómez M, Gil J, Perez RA, Godoy-Gallardo M. Polydopamine Incorporation Enhances Cell Differentiation and Antibacterial Properties of 3D-Printed Guanosine-Borate Hydrogels for Functional Tissue Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24044224. [PMID: 36835636 PMCID: PMC9964593 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Tissue engineering focuses on the development of materials as biosubstitutes that can be used to regenerate, repair, or replace damaged tissues. Alongside this, 3D printing has emerged as a promising technique for producing implants tailored to specific defects, which in turn increased the demand for new inks and bioinks. Especially supramolecular hydrogels based on nucleosides such as guanosine have gained increasing attention due to their biocompatibility, good mechanical characteristics, tunable and reversible properties, and intrinsic self-healing capabilities. However, most existing formulations exhibit insufficient stability, biological activity, or printability. To address these limitations, we incorporated polydopamine (PDA) into guanosine-borate (GB) hydrogels and developed a PGB hydrogel with maximal PDA incorporation and good thixotropic and printability qualities. The resulting PGB hydrogels exhibited a well-defined nanofibrillar network, and we found that PDA incorporation increased the hydrogel's osteogenic activity while having no negative effect on mammalian cell survival or migration. In contrast, antimicrobial activity was observed against the Gram-positive bacteria Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis. Thus, our findings suggest that our PGB hydrogel represents a significantly improved candidate as a 3D-printed scaffold capable of sustaining living cells, which may be further functionalized by incorporating other bioactive molecules for enhanced tissue integration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Merino-Gómez
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology (BIT), International University of Catalonia (UIC), Carrer de Josep Trueta, Sant Cugat del Vallès, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Gil
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology (BIT), International University of Catalonia (UIC), Carrer de Josep Trueta, Sant Cugat del Vallès, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, International University of Catalonia (UIC), Carrer de Josep Trueta, Sant Cugat del Vallès, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roman A. Perez
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology (BIT), International University of Catalonia (UIC), Carrer de Josep Trueta, Sant Cugat del Vallès, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.A.P.); (M.G.-G.); Tel.: +34-935-042-000 (ext. 5826) (R.A.P. & M.G.-G.)
| | - Maria Godoy-Gallardo
- Bioengineering Institute of Technology (BIT), International University of Catalonia (UIC), Carrer de Josep Trueta, Sant Cugat del Vallès, 08195 Barcelona, Spain
- Correspondence: (R.A.P.); (M.G.-G.); Tel.: +34-935-042-000 (ext. 5826) (R.A.P. & M.G.-G.)
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A Simple 3D Cell Culture Method for Studying the Interactions between Human Mesenchymal Stromal/Stem Cells and Patients Derived Glioblastoma. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15041304. [PMID: 36831643 PMCID: PMC9954562 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15041304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
We have developed a 3D biosphere model using patient-derived cells (PDCs) from glioblastoma (GBM), the major form of primary brain tumors in adult, plus cancer-activated fibroblasts (CAFs), obtained by culturing mesenchymal stem cells with GBM conditioned media. The effect of MSC/CAFs on the proliferation, cell-cell interactions, and response to treatment of PDCs was evaluated. Proliferation in the presence of CAFs was statistically lower but the spheroids formed within the 3D-biosphere were larger. A treatment for 5 days with Temozolomide (TMZ) and irradiation, the standard therapy for GBM, had a marked effect on cell number in monocultures compared to co-cultures and influenced cancer stem cells composition, similar to that observed in GBM patients. Mathematical analyses of spheroids growth and morphology confirm the similarity with GBM patients. We, thus, provide a simple and reproducible method to obtain 3D cultures from patient-derived biopsies and co-cultures with MSC with a near 100% success. This method provides the basis for relevant in vitro functional models for a better comprehension of the role of tumor microenvironment and, for precision and/or personalized medicine, potentially to predict the response to treatments for each GBM patient.
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Alka, Verma A, Mishra N, Singh N, Singh P, Nisha R, Pal RR, Saraf SA. Polymeric Gel Scaffolds and Biomimetic Environments for Wound Healing. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:3221-3239. [PMID: 37584354 DOI: 10.2174/1381612829666230816100631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 06/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Infected wounds that do not heal are a worldwide problem that is worsening, with more people dying and more money being spent on care. For any disease to be managed effectively, its root cause must be addressed. Effective wound care becomes a bigger problem when various traditional wound healing methods and products may not only fail to promote good healing. Still, it may also hinder the healing process, causing wounds to stay open longer. Progress in tissue regeneration has led to developing three-dimensional scaffolds (3D) or constructs that can be leveraged to facilitate cell growth and regeneration while preventing infection and accelerating wound healing. Tissue regeneration uses natural and fabricated biomaterials that encourage the growth of tissues or organs. Even though the clinical need is urgent, the demand for polymer-based therapeutic techniques for skin tissue abnormalities has grown quickly. Hydrogel scaffolds have become one of the most imperative 3D cross-linked scaffolds for tissue regeneration because they can hold water perfectly and are porous, biocompatible, biodegradable, and biomimetic. For damaged organs or tissues to heal well, the porosity topography of the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) should be imitated. This review details the scaffolds that heal wounds and helps skin tissue to develop. After a brief overview of the bioactive and drug-loaded polymeric hydrogels, the discussion moves on to how the scaffolds are made and what they are made of. It highlights the present uses of in vitro and in-vivo employed biomimetic scaffolds. The prospects of how well bioactiveloaded hydrogels heal wounds and how nanotechnology assists in healing and regeneration have been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alka
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow (A Central University), Uttar Pradesh, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Abhishek Verma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow (A Central University), Uttar Pradesh, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Nidhi Mishra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow (A Central University), Uttar Pradesh, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neelu Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow (A Central University), Uttar Pradesh, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Priya Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow (A Central University), Uttar Pradesh, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Raquibun Nisha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow (A Central University), Uttar Pradesh, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi Raj Pal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow (A Central University), Uttar Pradesh, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Shubhini A Saraf
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University Lucknow (A Central University), Uttar Pradesh, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, 226025, Uttar Pradesh, India
- National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), Raebareli, Bijnor-Sisendi Road, Sarojini Nagar, Lucknow, 226002, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Marín-Payá JC, Clara-Trujillo S, Cordón L, Gallego Ferrer G, Sempere A, Gómez Ribelles JL. Protein-Functionalized Microgel for Multiple Myeloma Cells’ 3D Culture. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10112797. [PMID: 36359316 PMCID: PMC9687145 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10112797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple myeloma is a hematologic neoplasm caused by an uncontrolled clonal proliferation of neoplastic plasma cells (nPCs) in the bone marrow. The development and survival of this disease is tightly related to the bone marrow environment. Proliferation and viability of nPCs depend on their interaction with the stromal cells and the extracellular matrix components, which also influences the appearance of drug resistance. Recapitulating these interactions in an in vitro culture requires 3D environments that incorporate the biomolecules of interest. In this work, we studied the proliferation and viability of three multiple myeloma cell lines in a microgel consisting of biostable microspheres with fibronectin (FN) on their surfaces. We also showed that the interaction of the RPMI8226 cell line with FN induced cell arrest in the G0/G1 cell cycle phase. RPMI8226 cells developed a significant resistance to dexamethasone, which was reduced when they were treated with dexamethasone and bortezomib in combination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Marín-Payá
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, CBIT, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Sandra Clara-Trujillo
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, CBIT, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Valencia, Spain
| | - Lourdes Cordón
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto Carlos III, 20029 Madrid, Spain
- Hematology Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IISLAFE), 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - Gloria Gallego Ferrer
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, CBIT, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Valencia, Spain
| | - Amparo Sempere
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto Carlos III, 20029 Madrid, Spain
- Haematology Department, Hospital Universitari i Politècnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain
| | - José Luis Gómez Ribelles
- Centre for Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, CBIT, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain
- Biomedical Research Networking Center on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine (CIBER-BBN), 28029 Valencia, Spain
- Correspondence:
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