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Yakut N, Kepenekli E, Ergenc Z, Baran E, Cerikcioglu N. Antifungal susceptibility, species distribution and risk factors associated with mortality of invasive candidiasis in children in Turkey: A six-year retrospective, single-centre study. J Mycol Med 2020; 31:101082. [PMID: 33249314 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2020.101082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Invasive candidiasis (IC) is a life-threatening fungal infection with high morbidity and mortality. In this study, we aimed to investigate the Candida species distribution and antifungal drug susceptibility and to identify the risk factors associated with IC mortality in children. We conducted a retrospective, single-centre study of paediatric IC in patients from a tertiary care hospital in Turkey between January 2013 and February 2019. A total of 56 Candida isolates underwent antifungal susceptibility testing performed by Sensititre YeastOne YO10 panel, and the demographic and clinical data of 65 patients were examined during the study period. The most commonly isolated species was Candida albicans in 30 patients (46%), followed by C. parapsilosis in 25 patients (38%) and C. tropicalis in three patients (5%). According to the antifungal drug susceptibility testing, C. albicans was fully susceptible to fluconazole and the other antifungal agents (100%). None of the isolates displayed resistance to anidulafungin, micafungin, flucytosine, posaconazole, voriconazole or itraconazole. There were low rates of resistance to fluconazole (1.8%), caspofungin (1.8%) and micafungin (1.8%). In addition, 5.3% of the Candida isolates were susceptible in a dose-dependent manner to itraconazole, 3.6% were susceptible to voriconazole and fluconazole and 1.8% were susceptible to anidulafungin. The mortality rate of IC was 15.4%. Thrombocytopenia after IC treatment was significantly associated with mortality in the multivariate analysis. These results, which help determine the species distribution, antifungal susceptibility patterns and risk factors for mortality, could make a significant contribution to the management of these challenging infections, including choosing appropriate empirical antifungal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Yakut
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - E Kepenekli
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Z Ergenc
- Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Marmara University School of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - E Baran
- Marmara University School of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - N Cerikcioglu
- Marmara University School of Medicine, Department of Medical Microbiology, Istanbul, Turkey
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2
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Andrade G, Orlando HCS, Scorzoni L, Pedroso RS, Abrão F, Carvalho MTM, Veneziani RCS, Ambrósio SR, Bastos JK, Mendes-Giannini MJS, Martins CHG, Pires RH. Brazilian Copaifera Species: Antifungal Activity against Clinically Relevant Candida Species, Cellular Target, and In Vivo Toxicity. J Fungi (Basel) 2020; 6:jof6030153. [PMID: 32872100 PMCID: PMC7560146 DOI: 10.3390/jof6030153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 08/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plants belonging to the genus Copaifera are widely used in Brazil due to their antimicrobial properties, among others. The re-emergence of classic fungal diseases as a consequence of antifungal resistance to available drugs has stimulated the search for plant-based compounds with antifungal activity, especially against Candida. The Candida-infected Caenorhabditis elegans model was used to evaluate the in vitro antifungal potential of Copaifera leaf extracts and trunk oleoresins against Candida species. The Copaifera leaf extracts exhibited good antifungal activity against all Candida species, with MIC values ranging from 5.86 to 93.75 µg/mL. Both the Copaifera paupera and Copaifera reticulata leaf extracts at 46.87 µg/mL inhibited Candida glabrata biofilm formation and showed no toxicity to C. elegans. The survival of C. glabrata-infected nematodes increased at all the tested extract concentrations. Exposure to Copaifera leaf extracts markedly increased C. glabrata cell vacuolization and cell membrane damage. Therefore, Copaifera leaf extracts are potential candidates for the development of new and safe antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Géssica Andrade
- University of Franca, Franca 14404-600, Brazil; (G.A.); (H.C.S.O.); (R.S.P.); (F.A.); (M.T.M.C.); (R.C.S.V.); (S.R.A.)
| | - Haniel Chadwick Silva Orlando
- University of Franca, Franca 14404-600, Brazil; (G.A.); (H.C.S.O.); (R.S.P.); (F.A.); (M.T.M.C.); (R.C.S.V.); (S.R.A.)
| | - Liliana Scorzoni
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Araraquara 14801-902, Brazil; (L.S.); (M.J.S.M.-G.)
- Science and Technology Institute of São José dos Campos (ICT), São Paulo State University (UNESP), São José dos Campos 12245-000, Brazil
| | - Reginaldo Santos Pedroso
- University of Franca, Franca 14404-600, Brazil; (G.A.); (H.C.S.O.); (R.S.P.); (F.A.); (M.T.M.C.); (R.C.S.V.); (S.R.A.)
- Health Technical School (ESTES), Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia 38400-732, Brazil
| | - Fariza Abrão
- University of Franca, Franca 14404-600, Brazil; (G.A.); (H.C.S.O.); (R.S.P.); (F.A.); (M.T.M.C.); (R.C.S.V.); (S.R.A.)
| | - Marco Túlio Menezes Carvalho
- University of Franca, Franca 14404-600, Brazil; (G.A.); (H.C.S.O.); (R.S.P.); (F.A.); (M.T.M.C.); (R.C.S.V.); (S.R.A.)
| | - Rodrigo Cassio Sola Veneziani
- University of Franca, Franca 14404-600, Brazil; (G.A.); (H.C.S.O.); (R.S.P.); (F.A.); (M.T.M.C.); (R.C.S.V.); (S.R.A.)
| | - Sérgio Ricardo Ambrósio
- University of Franca, Franca 14404-600, Brazil; (G.A.); (H.C.S.O.); (R.S.P.); (F.A.); (M.T.M.C.); (R.C.S.V.); (S.R.A.)
| | - Jairo Kenupp Bastos
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences of Ribeirao Preto, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-903, Brazil;
| | | | - Carlos Henrique Gomes Martins
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBIM), Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia 38400-902, Brazil
- Correspondence: (C.H.G.M.); (R.H.P.); Tel.: +55-(34)-3225-8670 (C.H.G.M.); +55-(16)-3711-8945 (R.H.P.)
| | - Regina Helena Pires
- University of Franca, Franca 14404-600, Brazil; (G.A.); (H.C.S.O.); (R.S.P.); (F.A.); (M.T.M.C.); (R.C.S.V.); (S.R.A.)
- Correspondence: (C.H.G.M.); (R.H.P.); Tel.: +55-(34)-3225-8670 (C.H.G.M.); +55-(16)-3711-8945 (R.H.P.)
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3
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Sriphannam C, Nuanmuang N, Saengsawang K, Amornthipayawong D, Kummasook A. Anti-fungal susceptibility and virulence factors of Candida spp. isolated from blood cultures. J Mycol Med 2019; 29:325-330. [PMID: 31447236 DOI: 10.1016/j.mycmed.2019.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Candidemia is one of the most common fungal nosocomial infections worldwide. It causes high mortality and morbidity rate with significant hospital costs due to increased length of hospital stay and costs for anti-fungal treatment. This study aims to investigate anti-fungal drug susceptibility, enzymatic activity and biofilm formation of the Candida spp. isolated from blood cultures. In 2016, a total of 84 clinical Candida isolates were analyzed for minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) against fluconazole and amphotericin B by agar diffusion E-test (E-strips). Three enzymatic activity tests for phospholipase, proteinase and esterase were performed by using egg yolk agar, bovine serum albumin medium and Tween 80 opacity medium, respectively. Biofilm formation was determined by crystal violet staining. To describing the various Candida distributions cultured, C. albicans was the most frequent species (n=37, 44.1%), followed by C. tropicalis (n=30, 35.7%), C. parapsilosis (n=8, 9.5%), C. glabrata (n=6, 7.1%) and C. guilliermondii (n=3, 3.6%). Regarding anti-fungal drug susceptibility, C. albicans was susceptible to fluconazole (100%). In addition, all clinical Candida isolates were fully susceptible to amphotericin B (100%). The predominant enzyme activity of C. albicans included medium to high levels of phospholipase, proteinase and esterase activities. C. tropicalis displayed esterase activity, while C. glabrata and C. guilliermondii had no phospholipase and proteinase activity. Non-albicans Candida (NAC) i.e. C. tropicalis formed a biofilm at a higher rate than C. albicans. This study revealed the production of virulent factors in Candida strains from candidemia patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Sriphannam
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medical Science, Naresuan University, 65000 Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - N Nuanmuang
- Division of Clinical Microbiology and Parasitology, Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, 56000 Phayao, Thailand
| | - K Saengsawang
- Clinical Pathology, Lampang Hospital, 280, Phahon Yothin Road, 52000 Muang Lampang, Thailand
| | - D Amornthipayawong
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Medical Technology Unit, Nan Hospital, 55000 Nan, Thailand
| | - A Kummasook
- Division of Clinical Microbiology and Parasitology, Department of Medical Technology, School of Allied Health Sciences, University of Phayao, 56000 Phayao, Thailand.
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Breda GL, Tuon FF, Meis JF, Herkert PF, Hagen F, de Oliveira LZ, Dias VDC, da Cunha CA, Queiroz-Telles F. Breakthrough candidemia after the introduction of broad spectrum antifungal agents: A 5-year retrospective study. Med Mycol 2019; 56:406-415. [PMID: 29420820 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myx077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Candidemia is the main invasive fungal disease among hospitalized patients. Several breakthrough candidemia (BrC) cases have been reported, but few studies evaluate the epidemiology, risk factors, molecular characterization, antifungal susceptibility profile and outcome of those patients, especially in developing countries and including patients using broad spectrum antifungals. We conducted a retrospective study from 2011 to 2016, including patients aged 12 years or older with candidemia. Epidemiological characteristics and risk factors for candidemia were evaluated and compared with patients with BrC using univariate and multivariate analysis. Sequential Candida isolates from BrC were identified by internal transcribed spacer sequencing, genotyped with amplified fragment length polymorphism fingerprinting (AFLP), and tested for antifungal susceptibility. From 148 candidemia episodes, 27 breakthrough episodes (18%) were identified, with neutropenia and mucositis being independent risk factors for BrC. Candida non-albicans was more frequent in the BrC group (P < .001). AFLP showed high correlation with conventional methods of identification among breakthrough isolates and a high genetic similarity among isolates from the same patient was observed. C. albicans was the most susceptible species with low MIC values for all antifungal agents tested. In contrast, we found isolates of C. glabrata, C. parapsilosis and C. tropicalis resistant to triazoles and echinocandins. In conclusion, BrC occurred mainly in severely immunosuppressed patients, with neutropenia and mucositis. Mortality did not differ between the groups. Candida non-albicans species were more recovered from BrC, with C. albicans being the most susceptible to antifungals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni L Breda
- Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 80060-900, Brazil
| | - Felipe F Tuon
- Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 80060-900, Brazil.,Department of Medicine, School of Health and Biosciences, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 80215-901, Brazil
| | - Jacques F Meis
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Centre of Expertise in Mycology Radboudumc/CWZ, N ijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Patricia F Herkert
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Postgraduate Program in Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology, Biological Sciences, Department of Basic Pathology, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR Brazil.,CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília - DF, 70.040-020
| | - Ferry Hagen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases, Canisius-Wilhelmina Hospital, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | | | | | - Clóvis Arns da Cunha
- Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 80060-900, Brazil.,Hospital Nossa Senhora das Graças, Curitiba, PR, 80810-040, Brazil
| | - Flávio Queiroz-Telles
- Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, 80060-900, Brazil.,Department of Public Health, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
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Kharazi M, Ahmadi B, Makimura K, Farhang A, Kianipour S, Motamedi M, Mirhendi H. Characterization of beta-tubulin DNA sequences within Candida parapsilosis complex. Curr Med Mycol 2018; 4:24-29. [PMID: 30186990 PMCID: PMC6101151 DOI: 10.18502/cmm.4.1.31] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Candida parapsilosis is a common cause of candidemia in children and patients with onco-hematological diseases, septic arthritis, peritonitis, vaginitis, and nail and skin infections. Regarding this, the present study was condcuted to evaluate intra- and inter-species variation within beta-tubulin DNA sequence of C. parapsilosis complex in order to establish the utilization of this gene in the identification and phylogenetic analysis of the species. Materials and Methods: A total of 23 isolates representing three different species of C. parapsilosis complex were used in this study, all of which were identifed by ITS-sequencing. For the successful amplification of beta-tubulin gene, a newly designed set of pan-Candida primers was used, followed by bilaterally sequence analysis for pairwise comparisons, determination of multiple alignments, evaluation of sequence identity levels, counting sequence difference, and construction of phylogenetic tree. Results: The multiple alignment of 623-629 bp-long nucleotide (nt) sequences reflecting the beta-tubulin gene indicated an inter-species divergence ranging within 0-68 nt in C. parapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis, and C. metapsilosis with a mean similarity of 84.7% among the species. Meanwhile, the intra-species differences of 0-20 and 0-6 nt were found between the strains of C. parapsilosis and C. orthopsilosis, respectively. The phylogenetic tree topology was characterized by a clade made up by C. parapsilosis and C. orthopsilosis, while C. metapsilosis formed a related but separate lineage. Conclusion: Our data provided the basis for further discoveries of the relationship between the species belonging to C. parapsilosis complex. Furthermore, the findigns of the prsent study revealed the efficiency of beta-tubulin DNA sequence data in the identification and taxonomy of C. parapsilosis and other pathogenic yeasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahboobeh Kharazi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, International Campus, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Bahram Ahmadi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Para-Medicine, Bushehr University of Medical Sciences, Bushehr, Iran
| | - Koichi Makimura
- Laboratory of Space and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Teikyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Armin Farhang
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Sahar Kianipour
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Marjan Motamedi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Hossein Mirhendi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
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6
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Motta FA, Dalla-Costa LM, Muro MD, Cardoso MN, Picharski GL, Jaeger G, Burger M. Risk factors for candidemia mortality in hospitalized children. J Pediatr (Rio J) 2017; 93:165-171. [PMID: 27712962 DOI: 10.1016/j.jped.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2016] [Revised: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 05/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate risk factors associated with death due to bloodstream infection caused by Candida spp. in pediatric patients and evaluate the resistance to the main anti-fungal used in clinical practice. METHODS This is a cross-sectional, observational, analytical study with retrospective collection that included 65 hospitalized pediatric patients with bloodstream infection by Candida spp. A univariate analysis was performed to estimate the association between the characteristics of the candidemia patients and death. RESULTS The incidence of candidemia was 0.23 cases per 1000patients/day, with a mortality rate of 32% (n=21). Clinical outcomes such as sepsis and septic shock (p=0.001), comorbidities such as acute renal insufficiency (p=0.01), and risks such as mechanical ventilation (p=0.02) and dialysis (p=0.03) are associated with increased mortality in pediatric patients. The resistance and dose-dependent susceptibility rates against fluconazole were 4.2% and 2.1%, respectively. No resistance to amphotericin B and echinocandin was identified. CONCLUSION Data from this study suggest that sepsis and septic shock, acute renal insufficiency, and risks like mechanical ventilation and dialysis are associated with increased mortality in pediatric patients. The mortality among patients with candidemia is high, and there is no species difference in mortality rates. Regarding the resistance rates, it is important to emphasize the presence of low resistance in this series.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Araujo Motta
- Hospital Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
| | - Libera Maria Dalla-Costa
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Hospital de Clínicas, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | - Marisol Dominguez Muro
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Hospital de Clínicas, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Gledson Luiz Picharski
- Faculdades Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; Instituto de Pesquisa Pelé Pequeno Príncipe, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
| | | | - Marion Burger
- Secretaria Municipal da Saúde de Curitiba, Curitiba, PR, Brazil
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Motta FA, Dalla‐Costa LM, Muro MD, Cardoso MN, Picharski GL, Jaeger G, Burger M. Risk factors for candidemia mortality in hospitalized children. JORNAL DE PEDIATRIA (VERSÃO EM PORTUGUÊS) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpedp.2016.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Alencar DDSOD, Tsujisaki RADS, Spositto FLE, Nunes MDO, Almeida AAD, Martins MDA, Melhem MDSC, Chang MR. Candidaemia due to Candida parapsilosis species complex at a hospital in Brazil: Clinical characteristics and antifungal susceptibility profile. Rev Iberoam Micol 2017; 34:106-108. [PMID: 28214273 DOI: 10.1016/j.riam.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Revised: 06/20/2016] [Accepted: 06/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent decades have seen a global emergence of candidaemia caused by non-Candida albicans Candida species, particularly the Candida parapsilosis complex. AIMS To evaluate the clinical features and antifungal susceptibility profiles of isolates belonging to the C. parapsilosis species complex in patients with candidaemia in a midwestern Brazilian tertiary-care teaching hospital. METHODS Yeast identification was performed using an automated Vitek 2 Compact system. PCR-RFLP was employed for species differentiation. RESULTS Five cases of infection by C. parapsilosis sensu stricto and two by Candida orthopsilosis were found. Of the seven cases, five were adult patients undergoing haemodialysis. The only isolate of C. parapsilosis sensu stricto resistant to fluconazole (MIC=8μg/ml) was obtained from a patient on a long-term regimen with this drug. This was the only patient who evolved to death. CONCLUSIONS Resistance to antifungal agents poses a therapeutic challenge, especially for non-C. albicans Candida species, and requires continuous monitoring using susceptibility tests because resistance in vitro can be predictive of treatment failure. In the present study, in vitro antifungal susceptibility proved consistent with clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Maína de Oliveira Nunes
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Microbiológicas, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | - Adriana Araújo de Almeida
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Microbiológicas, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil
| | | | | | - Marilene Rodrigues Chang
- Laboratório de Pesquisas Microbiológicas, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, MS, Brazil.
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Abastabar M, Hosseinpoor S, Hedayati MT, Shokohi T, Valadan R, Mirhendi H, Mohammadi R, Aghili SR, Rahimi N, Aslani N, Haghani I, Gholami S. Hyphal wall protein 1 gene: A potential marker for the identification of different Candida species and phylogenetic analysis. Curr Med Mycol 2016; 2:1-8. [PMID: 28959789 PMCID: PMC5611690 DOI: 10.18869/acadpub.cmm.2.4.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Hyphal wall protein 1 (HWP1) is an important adhesin which usually is expressed on the germ tube and hyphal surface produced by different Candida species. The hyphal wall protein-coding gene (HWP1) was evaluated as a novel identification and phylogenetic marker in Candida tropicalis, C. orthopsilosis, C. parapsilosis and C. glabrata. MATERIALS AND METHODS Initially, four specific primer pairs were designed, and the target was amplified and finally sequenced. A total of 77 Candida isolates from four different species were included in the study. Consensus sequences were used for the evaluation of phylogenetic tree using the CLC Genome Workbench, GENEIOUS, and MEGA softwares and the levels of nucleotide and amino acid polymorphism were assessed. RESULTS According to the results, the specific amplified fragments of HWP1 gene were useful for the differentiation of four species. Intra-species variation was observed only in C. tropicalis with two DNA types. The phylogenetic tree of Candida species based on the HWP1 gene showed consistency in topology with those inferred from other gene sequences. CONCLUSION We found that HWP1 gene was an excellent marker for the identification of non-albicansCandida species as well as the phylogenetic analysis of the most clinically significant Candida species.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Abastabar
- Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC), Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - S Hosseinpoor
- Student Research Committee, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - M T Hedayati
- Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC), Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - T Shokohi
- Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC), Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - R Valadan
- Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center (MCBRC), Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran.,Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Mazandaran, Iran
| | - H Mirhendi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - R Mohammadi
- Department of Medical Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - S R Aghili
- Invasive Fungi Research Center (IFRC), Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.,Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - N Rahimi
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - N Aslani
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - I Haghani
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - S Gholami
- Department of Medical Mycology and Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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