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Wu Y, Duffey M, Alex SE, Suarez-Reyes C, Clark EH, Weatherhead JE. The role of helminths in the development of non-communicable diseases. Front Immunol 2022; 13:941977. [PMID: 36119098 PMCID: PMC9473640 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.941977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) like cardiovascular disease, chronic respiratory diseases, cancers, diabetes, and neuropsychiatric diseases cause significant global morbidity and mortality which disproportionately affect those living in low resource regions including low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). In order to reduce NCD morbidity and mortality in LMIC it is imperative to understand risk factors associated with the development of NCDs. Certain infections are known risk factors for many NCDs. Several parasitic helminth infections, which occur most commonly in LMICs, have been identified as potential drivers of NCDs in parasite-endemic regions. Though understudied, the impact of helminth infections on the development of NCDs is likely related to helminth-specific factors, including species, developmental stage and disease burden. Mechanical and chemical damage induced by the helminth in combination with pathologic host immune responses contribute to the long-term inflammation that increases risk for NCD development. Robust studies from animal models and human clinical trials are needed to understand the immunologic mechanisms of helminth-induced NCDs. Understanding the complex connection between helminths and NCDs will aid in targeted public health programs to reduce helminth-induced NCDs and reduce the high rates of morbidity that affects millions of people living in parasite-endemic, LMICs globally.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Wu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Megan Duffey
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States,Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Saira Elizabeth Alex
- National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Charlie Suarez-Reyes
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Eva H. Clark
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States,Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States,National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Jill E. Weatherhead
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States,Department of Medicine, Section of Infectious Diseases, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States,National School of Tropical Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States,*Correspondence: Jill E. Weatherhead,
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Akimniyazova B, Kausova G, Yeshmuratov T, Toksanbayev D, Esetova G. Practice of Surgical Treatment for Patients with Combined Echinococcosis of Chest and Abdominal Organs. TANAFFOS 2021; 20:140-149. [PMID: 34976085 PMCID: PMC8710214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2021] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epidemiological significance of echinococcosis is determined by the severe clinical progression leading to disability, incapacitation and death, a wide range of hosts, and formation of synanthropic and mixed lesions. The aim of the work was to analyze cases of combined echinococcosis of the chest and abdominal organs and the results of its surgical treatment in clinics of Almaty (Kazakhstan) from 1997 to 2019. MATERIALS AND METHODS In 413 patients, 534 lesions of echinococcosis were revealed: single and multiple cysts. Concurrent echinococcectomy of 2-3 organs was performed in 261 patients; meanwhile phased echinococcectomy was performed in several organs in 152 patients. RESULTS Performed surgical interventions in more than 70% of cases had a favorable outcome. CONCLUSION The choice of rational surgical tactics for combined echinococcosis should be based on an individual approach, taking into account the general condition of the patient, risk analysis and the likelihood of complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bekdaulet Akimniyazova
- Kazakhstan’s School of Public Health, Public Health Department, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan,,Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarova, Pulmonology Department, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan,,Modern Medicine Center «MEDITERRA», Department of Thoracic Surgery and Pulmonology, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan,,Correspondence to: Akimniyazova B, Address: Kazakhstan’s School of Public Health, Public Health Department, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan,
| | - Galina Kausova
- Kazakhstan’s School of Public Health, Public Health Department, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Temur Yeshmuratov
- Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarova, Pulmonology Department, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan,,Modern Medicine Center «MEDITERRA», Department of Thoracic Surgery and Pulmonology, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan,,Kazakh-Russian Medical University, Department of Surgery, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Daniyar Toksanbayev
- Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarova, Department of Surgical Diseases with a Course of Clinical Anatomy, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan,, Modern Medicine Center «MEDITERRA», Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery and Gastroenterology, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
| | - Gulstan Esetova
- Kazakh National Medical University named after S.D. Asfendiyarova, Pulmonology Department, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
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