A Systematic Review of Lymphangioleiomyomatosis on Diagnosis and Molecular Mechanism.
BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021;
2021:6612776. [PMID:
33628792 PMCID:
PMC7892222 DOI:
10.1155/2021/6612776]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare low-grade metastatic tumor; however, LAM patients were always found in young age with difficulty for diagnosis. Our study is aimed at observing the clinical characteristics of patients with lymphangiomatosis, including the clinical manifestations, imaging findings, histopathological features, and immunophenotype.
Methods
We did a systematic review on LAM/PLAM cases, especially on male cases, and collected the clinical features and molecular mechanisms of PLAM based on previous findings.
Results
Diagnosis criteria were summarized by combining CT scans, MRI, immunohistochemistry results, and gene sequencing results for effectively distinguishing between PLAM and similar diseases. Moreover, our study illustrated the molecular mechanism of PLAM as well as the signaling pathway involved in the disease initials. In addition, a male case was reported with differential diagnosis on the clinical manifestations, microscopic features, immunophenotypes, and genotypes.
Conclusion
Our review will definitely improve the understanding of diagnosis and treatment in PLAM cases.
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