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Mañá J, Rubio-Rivas M, Villalba N, Marcoval J, Iriarte A, Molina-Molina M, Llatjos R, García O, Martínez-Yélamos S, Vicens-Zygmunt V, Gámez C, Pujol R, Corbella X. Multidisciplinary approach and long-term follow-up in a series of 640 consecutive patients with sarcoidosis: Cohort study of a 40-year clinical experience at a tertiary referral center in Barcelona, Spain. Medicine (Baltimore) 2017; 96:e7595. [PMID: 28723801 PMCID: PMC5521941 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000007595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 06/09/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cohort studies of large series of patients with sarcoidosis over a long period of time are scarce. The aim of this study is to report a 40-year clinical experience of a large series of patients at Bellvitge University Hospital, a tertiary university hospital in Barcelona, Spain. Diagnosis of sarcoidosis required histological confirmation except in certain specific situations. All patients underwent a prospective study protocol. Clinical assessment and follow-up of patients were performed by a multidisciplinary team.From 1976 to 2015, 640 patients were diagnosed with sarcoidosis, 438 of them (68.4%) were female (sex ratio F/M 2:1). The mean age at diagnosis was 43.3 ± 13.8 years (range, 14-86 years), and 613 patients (95.8%) were Caucasian. At diagnosis, 584 patients (91.2%) showed intrathoracic involvement at chest radiograph, and most of the patients had normal pulmonary function. Erythema nodosum (39.8%) and specific cutaneous lesions (20.8%) were the most frequent extrapulmonary manifestations, but there was a wide range of organ involvement. A total of 492 patients (76.8%) had positive histology. Follow-up was carried out in 587 patients (91.7%), over a mean of 112.4 ± 98.3 months (range, 6.4-475 months). Corticosteroid treatment was administered in 255 patients (43.4%), and steroid-sparing agents in 49 patients (7.7%). Outcomes were as follows: 111 patients (18.9%) showed active disease at the time of closing this study, 250 (42.6%) presented spontaneous remission, 61 (10.4%) had remission under treatment, and 165 (28.1%) evolved to chronic sarcoidosis; among them, 115 (19.6%) with mild disease and 50 (8.5%) with moderate to severe organ damage. A multivariate analysis showed that at diagnosis, age more than 40 years, the presence of pulmonary involvement on chest radiograph, splenic involvement, and the need of treatment, was associated with chronic sarcoidosis, whereas Löfgren syndrome and mediastinal lymphadenopathy on chest radiograph were indicators of good outcome.Sarcoidosis is a multisystem disease with protean clinical-radiographic manifestations. Although almost half of patients follow a spontaneous resolution or under treatment, a significant number of them may have several degrees of organ damage. This study emphasizes the value of a multidisciplinary approach and long-term follow-up by specialized teams in sarcoidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Mañá
- Department of Internal Medicine
- University of Barcelona
- Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Manuel Rubio-Rivas
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nadia Villalba
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Joaquim Marcoval
- Department of Dermatology
- University of Barcelona
- Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Adriana Iriarte
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Molina-Molina
- Department of Pulmonary
- University of Barcelona
- Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roger Llatjos
- Department of Pathology
- University of Barcelona
- Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga García
- Department of Ophthalmology
- University of Barcelona
- Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sergio Martínez-Yélamos
- Department of Neurology
- University of Barcelona
- Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vanessa Vicens-Zygmunt
- Department of Pulmonary
- Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Cristina Gámez
- Department of PET Unit-Institut de Diagnòstic per la Imatge
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya
- Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ramón Pujol
- Department of Internal Medicine
- University of Barcelona
- Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Xavier Corbella
- Department of Internal Medicine
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universitat Internacional de Catalunya
- Bellvitge University Hospital, Bellvitge Biomedical Research Institute-IDIBELL, L’Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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