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Reychler G, Audag N, Prieur G, Poncin W, Contal O. [Guidelines for the management of airway mucus secretions by airway clearance techniques]. Rev Mal Respir 2024; 41:512-537. [PMID: 39025771 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2024.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/23/2024] [Indexed: 07/20/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- G Reychler
- Institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique (IREC), pôle de pneumologie, ORL et dermatologie, université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgique; Service de pneumologie, cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgique; Secteur de kinésithérapie et ergothérapie, cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgique.
| | - N Audag
- Institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique (IREC), pôle de pneumologie, ORL et dermatologie, université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgique; Service de pneumologie, cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgique; Secteur de kinésithérapie et ergothérapie, cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgique
| | - G Prieur
- Physiotherapy Department, Le Havre Hospital, 76600 Le Havre, France
| | - W Poncin
- Institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique (IREC), pôle de pneumologie, ORL et dermatologie, université catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgique; Service de pneumologie, cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, avenue Hippocrate 10, 1200 Brussels, Belgique; Secteur de kinésithérapie et ergothérapie, cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc, Brussels, Belgique
| | - O Contal
- School of Health Sciences (HESAV), HES-SO University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Western Switzerland, 1005 Lausanne, Suisse
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Duprez F, Crombin M, Daubechies I, Devries N, Durant V, El Khalil M, Audag N. [Update on manual bronchial clearance techniques (adults and adolescents)]. Rev Mal Respir 2024; 41:43-50. [PMID: 38057240 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2023.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
In adults and teenagers, airway clearance physiotherapy techniques (ACPT) are various and numerous. However, they for still awaiting scientific validation. Among ACPTs, Slow Expiration with the Glottis Opened in the Lateral Posture (ELTGOL), Autogenic Drainage (DA), and Active Cycling Breathing Technique (ACBT) present a Grade B level of evidence with weak recommendations. Even though these maneuvers are widely applied, precise description of chest physiotherapy (CP) is largely absent from the scientific literature; it is difficult to standardize its implementation and reproduce the results; scientific validation and faithful execution of the techniques are consequently problematic. In this paper, the authors aim to depict each of the three CP techniques as precisely as possible; with this in mind, graphic modeling of the different respiratory exercises is presented in such a way that they can be easily learned, applied and reproduced by physiotherapists.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Duprez
- Unité de recherche et d'innovation Condorcet-Epicura (URICE), hôpital Epicura, 63, rue de Mons, 7301 Tournai-Hornu, Belgique; Haute école master en sciences de la motricité, groupe kinésithérapie respiratoire, Condorcet, Tournai, Belgique.
| | - M Crombin
- Haute école master en sciences de la motricité, groupe kinésithérapie respiratoire, Condorcet, Tournai, Belgique
| | - I Daubechies
- Haute école master en sciences de la motricité, groupe kinésithérapie respiratoire, Condorcet, Tournai, Belgique
| | - N Devries
- Haute école master en sciences de la motricité, groupe kinésithérapie respiratoire, Condorcet, Tournai, Belgique
| | - V Durant
- Haute école master en sciences de la motricité, groupe kinésithérapie respiratoire, Condorcet, Tournai, Belgique
| | - M El Khalil
- Haute école master en sciences de la motricité, groupe kinésithérapie respiratoire, Condorcet, Tournai, Belgique
| | - N Audag
- Service de kinésithérapie et ergothérapie, cliniques universitaires Saint-Luc. Bruxelles, Belgique; Institut de recherche expérimentale et clinique (IREC), pôle de pneumologie, ORL et dermatologie, groupe de recherche en kinésithérapie respiratoire, université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgique
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Utility of High Flow Nasal Cannula during Pulmonary Rehabilitation in COVID-19 Patients in Acute Respiratory Failure. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12094637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has often been used in the treatment of acute respiratory failure during pulmonary rehabilitation setting. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the utility of HCFN during the early rehabilitation in COVID-19 pneumonia. Twenty-two patients (10 males and 12 females, mean age 64.5 ± 5.9 years) with COVID-19 pneumonia were considered. Medical data and rehabilitative scales were used to evaluate acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (PaO2/FiO2 < 300), treated with HFNC three times during evaluation. Overall clinical outcomes from the evaluation of the synergy between HFNC strategy and rehabilitation were evaluated. A statistically significant improvement was observed at T2 (and of treatment) in 1 minute sit to stand test (1STST) (4 ± 3 vs. 17 ± 5, p < 0.05), short physical performance battery (SPPB) (4.3 ± 2.81 vs. 9.15 ± 2.39, p < 0.05), SpO2% post effort (93 ± 1.26 vs. 98 ± 1.01, p < 0.05), respiratory rate post effort (RR) (24 ± 3.91 vs. 20 ± 3.13, p < 0.05), heart rate (HR) (97 ± 11.9 vs. 87 ± 9.17, p < 0.05), P/F rate (235 ± 7.35 vs. 331 ± 10.91, p < 0.05), SpO2 (86 ± 4.54 vs. 97 ± 1.01 p < 0.05), RR (20 ± 4 vs. 12 ± 1.39, p < 0.05). Then, treated HFNC patients showed a good improvement in physical performance at T2 and a good compliance with treatments proved to be extremely useful in the control and reduction of dyspnea and fatigue symptoms.
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Pestelli MT, D'Abrosca F, Tognetti P, Grecchi B, Nicolini A, Solidoro P. Do not forget the lungs: I/E mode physiotherapy for people recovering from COVID-19. Preliminary feasibility study. Panminerva Med 2021; 64:208-214. [PMID: 34664483 DOI: 10.23736/s0031-0808.21.04510-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Early chest physiotherapy is recommended for patients with post-COVID syndrome to improve dyspnea, relieve anxiety, minimize disability, preserve lung function and improve quality of life. However, there is still no consensus on the best treatments to manage respiratory symptoms. We aimed to test a method based on a guided in/expiratory (I/E) modulation to treat the lung inhomogeneity. METHODS Twenty patients with post-COVID syndrome and mild-to-moderate obstructive syndrome performed 3 15-min sessions/day using the I/E mode of the T-PEP®4 device, for 15 consecutive days. Lung function parameters, dyspnea and quality of life scores, as well as exercise capacity were assessed before and after treatment. RESULTS All patients concluded the treatment and showed significant improvements in symptoms (chest pain during deep inspiration, chest tightness, inability to yawn, fatigue during activities of daily living [ADL], desaturation ≥4% during ADL) and in health status (BCSS -1.75, p=0.0003; CAT -5.2, p=0.0001). Lung function (FVC +10.9%, p=0.0002; FEV1 +8%, p=0.0001) and respiratory muscle strength (MIP +13.8%, p<0.0001; SNIP +13.6%, p=0.0122; MEP +7.6%, p=0.0045) improved. Exercise capacity also improved (6MWT +14.2%, p=0.005). At the end of treatment, only 2 patients reported symptoms and ADL-induced desaturation, while 14 still had fatigue during ADL. CONCLUSIONS This study shows that chest physiotherapy using an I/E device to actively recruit peripheral lungs in COVID-19 patients early after hospital discharge improved lung function tests as well as respiratory muscle strength, exercise capacity and quality of life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Pestelli
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hospital of Sestri Levante, Sestri Levante, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco D'Abrosca
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Eastern Piedmont, Alessandria, Italy
| | - Paola Tognetti
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hospital of Sestri Levante, Sestri Levante, Genoa, Italy
| | - Bruna Grecchi
- Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Hospital of Sestri Levante, Sestri Levante, Genoa, Italy
| | - Antonello Nicolini
- Respiratory Diseases Unit, Hospital of Sestri Levante, Sestri Levante, Genoa, Italy -
| | - Paolo Solidoro
- Division of Pulmonology, Cardiovascular and Thoracic Department, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Città Della Salute e Della Scienza di Torino, Turin, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy
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Rehman A, Ganai J, Aggarwal R, Alghadir AH, Iqbal ZA. Effect of Passive Stretching of Respiratory Muscles on Chest Expansion and 6-Minute Walk Distance in COPD Patients. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17186480. [PMID: 32899902 PMCID: PMC7559714 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17186480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Hyperinflation of the lungs leads to a remodeling of the inspiratory muscles that causes postural deformities and more labored breathing. Postural changes include elevated, protracted, or abducted scapulae with medially rotated humerus, and kyphosis that leads to further tightening of respiratory muscles. As the severity of the disease progresses, use of the upper limbs for functional tasks becomes difficult due to muscle stiffness. There are various studies that suggest different rehabilitation programs for COPD patients; however, to the best of our knowledge none recommends passive stretching techniques. The aim of this study was to assess the effect of respiratory muscle passive stretching on chest expansion and 6-min walk distance (6MWD) in patients with moderate to severe COPD. METHODS Thirty patients were divided into two groups, experimental (n = 15) and control (n = 15). The experimental group received a hot pack followed by stretching of the respiratory muscles and relaxed passive movements of the shoulder joints. The control group received a hot pack followed by relaxed passive movements of the shoulder joints. RESULTS In the control group, there was no difference in chest expansion at the levels of both the axilla and the xiphisternum or in 6MWD between baseline and post treatment (p > 0.05). In the experimental group, chest expansion at the level of the axilla (p < 0.05) and 6MWD (p < 0.001) were significantly higher post treatment, while there was no difference in chest expansion at the level of the xiphisternum (p > 0.05). A comparison between control and experimental groups showed that chest expansion at the level of the axilla (p < 0.05) and 6MWD (p < 0.01) were significantly higher in the experimental group, while there was no difference in chest expansion at the level of the xiphisternum (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Although COPD is an irreversible disease, results of this study indicate that passive stretching of respiratory muscles can clinically improve the condition of such patients, especially in terms of chest expansion and 6MWD. Given the good effects of muscle stretching and the fact that such an exercise is harmless, clinicians and physiotherapists should consider including passive stretching of respiratory muscles in the rehabilitation plan of COPD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Rehman
- Al Hosn One Day Surgery Center LLC, Al Sahel Tower Building, Post Box 37384, Abu Dhabi, UAE;
| | - Jyoti Ganai
- Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India;
| | - Rajeev Aggarwal
- Neuro-Physiotherapy Unit, NSC, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi 110029, India;
| | - Ahmad H. Alghadir
- Rehabilitation Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Zaheen A. Iqbal
- Rehabilitation Research Chair, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11433, Saudi Arabia;
- Correspondence: or
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Marques A, Pinho C, De Francesco S, Martins P, Neves J, Oliveira A. A randomized controlled trial of respiratory physiotherapy in lower respiratory tract infections. Respir Med 2020; 162:105861. [PMID: 31916533 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2019.105861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Physiotherapy may play a role in the recovery of signs, symptoms and function of patients with lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) but its effectiveness is still controversial. OBJECTIVES To assess the effects of respiratory physiotherapy compared with standard pharmacological care on symptoms and function in outpatients with LRTI. DESIGN Single-blind, randomised controlled trial. SETTING Outpatients were recruited from the casualties of a central hospital. PARTICIPANTS Outpatients with LRTI were recruited and randomly allocated to the control (pharmacological) or experimental (pharmacological and respiratory physiotherapy) group. INTERVENTION The intervention consisted of conventional pharmacological treatment and conventional pharmacological treatment plus respiratory physiotherapy. Respiratory physiotherapy included breathing and airway clearance techniques, exercise training and education during 3-weeks, 3 times per week. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE Primary outcome measures - occupation rate of wheezes Wh%; Secondary outcome measures - number of crackles, peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2) modified Borg scale (mBorg), modified Medical Research Council scale (mMRC), 6-min walk test (6MWT), forced expiratory volume in 1 s and forced vital capacity, and volume and density of the lung and bronchial tree volume. RESULTS Ninety-seven patients (53 controls and 44 experimental) completed the intervention. After the intervention, both groups improved significantly in all variables (0.0001 < p < 0.04; 0.001<ƞ2<0.092), with the exception of the mBorg. The magnitude of improvement of the experimental group exceeded the control group in the number of crackles, SpO2 levels, mMRC and 6MWT (0.002 < p < 0.032; 0.002<ƞ2<0.092). CONCLUSION Adding respiratory physiotherapy to the pharmacological treatment of outpatients with LRTI results in greater recovery of symptoms and function parameters. TRIAL REGISTRATION NCT02053870.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alda Marques
- School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro (ESSUA), Aveiro, Portugal; Lab 3R - Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro (ESSUA), Aveiro, Portugal; Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Cátia Pinho
- Instituto de Telecomunicações (IT) and Department of Electronics, Telecommunications and Informatics (DETI), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Silvia De Francesco
- School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro (ESSUA), Aveiro, Portugal; Institute of Electronics and Informatics Engineering of Aveiro (IEETA), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Paula Martins
- School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro (ESSUA), Aveiro, Portugal; Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal; Institute of Electronics and Informatics Engineering of Aveiro (IEETA), University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Joana Neves
- Centro Hospital Do Baixo Vouga, Internal Medicine Department, Aveiro, Portugal.
| | - Ana Oliveira
- School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro (ESSUA), Aveiro, Portugal; Lab 3R - Respiratory Research and Rehabilitation Laboratory, School of Health Sciences, University of Aveiro (ESSUA), Aveiro, Portugal; Institute of Biomedicine (iBiMED), Department of Medical Sciences, University of Aveiro, Aveiro, Portugal.
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Postiaux G, Maffei P, Villiot-Danger JC, Dubus JC. [Respiratory physiotherapy in acute viral bronchiolitis in the newborn. Pro/con arguments]. Rev Mal Respir 2018; 35:403-415. [PMID: 29754840 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2017.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
This article reports an exchange of unbiased arguments between Mr Guy Postiaux speaking in favour of respiratory physiotherapy in acute viral bronchiolitis in the newborn and Prof. Jean-Christoph Dubus arguing against. A review of the literature suggests that traditional methods of physiotherapy should be abandoned because they are not validated and because they have harmful side effects. The latest Cochrane revue (2016) suggests the use of slow expiration techniques that have some validated elements and cause no harmful side effects. Large multicentre studies should be undertaken to confirm or refute the results of the five studies in the Cochrane review. Their analysis would allow extraction of objective evidence for the efficacy of slow expiration techniques on the relief of bronchopulmonary obstruction and the reduction of the degree of severity in the short and medium term. Studies of the effect of ambulatory respiratory physiotherapy for bronchiolitis of a moderate degree not requiring hospitalisation are not available. An evaluation is needed which is based on the pathophysiology of multifactorial bronchial obstruction and on the physical signs, of which auscultation is the cornerstone.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Postiaux
- Groupe d'étude pluridisciplinaire stéthacoustique, services des soins intensifs, de médecine interne et de pédiatrie, grand hôpital de Charleroi (GHDC), 6000 Charleroi, Belgique.
| | - P Maffei
- Pôle de médecine physique et de réadaptation, hôpital de la Conception, Assistance publique des Hôpitaux de Marseille, 147, boulevard Baille, 13385 Marseille cedex 5, France
| | | | - J-C Dubus
- Médecine infantile, pneumo-allergologie et CRCM & CNRS, URMITE 6236, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Marseille, 13385 Marseille cedex 5, France
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Reychler G. Quelle kinésithérapie de désencombrement pour demain ? Rev Mal Respir 2014; 31:691-2. [PMID: 25391503 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2014.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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