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Silvus A, Mazur TR, Goddu SM, Memming E, Zoberi JE, Markovina S, Altman MB. Dosimetric evaluation of a novel modular cell irradiation platform for multi-modality in vitro studies including high dose rate brachytherapy. Brachytherapy 2024:S1538-4721(24)00069-2. [PMID: 38964977 DOI: 10.1016/j.brachy.2024.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE High dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy is integral for the treatment of numerous cancers. Preclinical studies involving HDR brachytherapy are limited. We aimed to describe a novel platform allowing multi-modality studies with clinical HDR brachytherapy and external beam irradiators, establish baseline dosimetry standard of a preclinical orthovoltage irradiator, to determine accurate dosimetric methods. METHODS A dosimetric assessment of a commercial preclinical irradiator was performed establishing the baseline dosimetry goals for clinical irradiators. A 3D printed platform was then constructed with 14 brachytherapy channels at 1cm spacing to accommodate a standard tissue culture plate at a source-to-cell distance (SCD) of 1 cm or 0.4 cm. 4-Gy CT-based treatment plans were created in clinical treatment planning software and delivered to 96-well tissue culture plates using an Ir192 source or a clinical linear accelerator. Standard calculation models for HDR brachytherapy and external beam were compared to corresponding deterministic model-based dose calculation algorithms (MBDCAs). Agreement between predicted and measured dose was assessed with 2D-gamma passing rates to determine the best planning methodology. RESULTS Mean (±standard deviation) and median dose measured across the plate for the preclinical irradiator was 423.7 ± 8.5 cGy and 430.0 cGy. Mean percentage differences between standard and MBDCA dose calculations were 9.4% (HDR, 1 cm SCD), 0.43% (HDR, 0.4 cm SCD), and 2.4% (EBRT). Predicted and measured dose agreement was highest for MBDCAs for all modalities. CONCLUSION A 3D-printed tissue culture platform can be used for multi-modality irradiation studies with great accuracy. This tool will facilitate preclinical studies to reveal biologic differences between clinically relevant radiation modalities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aaron Silvus
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO.
| | - Thomas R Mazur
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - S Murty Goddu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Ethan Memming
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Jacqueline E Zoberi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Stephanie Markovina
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
| | - Michael B Altman
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO
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2
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Ou Hadda H, Zerfaoui M, Bahhous K, Aboulbanine Z, Didi S, Rrhioua A, Bakari D. Impact of the anode tilt on photon emission spectrum and temperature rise in an x-ray tube. Biomed Phys Eng Express 2022; 9. [PMID: 36562508 DOI: 10.1088/2057-1976/acab6c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In radiology, the photon fluence and the energy spectrum generated from an x-ray tube may depend on the anode tilt angle. In this contribution, a Monte Carlo investigation is performed to quantify this effect by modeling an x-ray tube based on published data Bujila R.et al(2020Physica. Med.7544-54). The GATE simulation code is used for this purpose. The calculations have moreover confirmed this dependence; the tilt of the anode could be used to increase the photon fluence. The thermal analysis has shown that the hot spot size is dependent as well on the anode tilt angle. The thermal focus temperature (ΔT) decreases when the anode tilt angle increases. Finally, by moving the acquisition angle from 293°-337° to 248°-292° and changing the anode tilt angle from 8° to 28°, the photon fluence can be increased by 55%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Ou Hadda
- Laboratory of Physics of Radiation and Matter, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Mustapha Zerfaoui
- Laboratory of Physics of Radiation and Matter, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Karim Bahhous
- Équipe Sciences de la Matiére et du Rayonnement (ESMaR), Faculty of Science, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Zakaria Aboulbanine
- Équipe Sciences de la Matiére et du Rayonnement (ESMaR), Faculty of Science, University Mohammed V in Rabat, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Samir Didi
- Laboratory of Physics of Radiation and Matter, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, Oujda 60000, Morocco.,Department of Physics, Multidisciplinary Faculty of Nador, University Mohammed First, Morocco
| | - Abdeslem Rrhioua
- Laboratory of Physics of Radiation and Matter, Faculty of Sciences, University Mohammed First, Oujda 60000, Morocco
| | - Dikra Bakari
- National School of Applied Sciences, University Mohammed First, Oujda, Morocco
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3
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Chang CT, Chou MC. Comparison of Non-Uniform Image Quality Caused by Anode Heel Effect between Two Digital Radiographic Systems Using a Circular Step-Wedge Phantom and Mutual Information. ENTROPY (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 24:1781. [PMID: 36554186 PMCID: PMC9778271 DOI: 10.3390/e24121781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare non-uniform image quality caused by the anode heel effect between two radiographic systems using a circular step-wedge (CSW) phantom and the normalized mutual information (nMI) metric. Ten repeated radiographic images of the CSW and contrast-detail resolution (CDR) phantoms were acquired from two digital radiographic systems with 16- and 12-degree anode angles, respectively, using various kVp and mAs. To compare non-uniform image quality, the CDR phantom was physically rotated at different orientations, and the directional nMI metrics were calculated from the CSW images. The directional visible ratio (VR) metrics were calculated from the CDR images. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to understand whether the nMI metric significantly changed with kVp, mAs, and orientations with Bonferroni correction. Mann-Whitney's U test was performed to compare the metrics between the two systems. Contrary to the VR metrics, the nMI metrics significantly changed with orientations in both radiographic systems. In addition, the system with the 12-degree anode angle exhibited less uniform image quality compared to the system with the 16-degree anode angle. A CSW phantom using the directional nMI metric can be significantly helpful to compare non-uniform image quality between two digital radiographic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching-Ting Chang
- Department of Medical Imaging, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Radiology, Kaohsiung Medical University Gangshan Hospital, Kaohsiung 82060, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Chung Chou
- Department of Medical Imaging and Radiological Sciences, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Center for Big Data Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 80708, Taiwan
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4
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Elshami W, Tekin HO, Issa SAM, Abuzaid MM, Zakaly HMH, Issa B, Ene A. Impact of Eye and Breast Shielding on Organ Doses During Cervical Spine Radiography: Design and Validation of MIRD Computational Phantom. Front Public Health 2021; 9:751577. [PMID: 34746086 PMCID: PMC8569301 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.751577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: The study aimed to design and validate computational phantoms (MIRD) using the MCNPX code to assess the impact of shielding on organ doses. Method: To validate the optimized phantom, the obtained results were compared with experimental results. The validation of the optimized MIRD phantom was provided by using the results of a previous anthropomorphic phantom study. MIRD phantom was designed by considering the parameters used in the anthropomorphic phantom study. A test simulation was performed to compare the dose reduction percentages (%) between the experimental anthropomorphic phantom study and the MCNPX-MIRD phantom. The simulation was performed twice, with and without shielding materials, using the same number and locations of the detector. Results: The absorbed dose amounts were directly extracted from the required organ and tissue cell parts of output files. Dose reduction percentages between the simulation with shielding and simulation without shielding were compared. The highest dose reduction was noted in the thymus (95%) and breasts (88%). The obtained dose reduction percentages between the anthropomorphic phantom study and the MCNPX-MIRD phantom were highly consistent and correlated values with experimental anthropomorphic data. Both methods showed Relative Difference (%) ranges between 0.88 and 2.22. Moreover, the MCNPX-MIRD optimized phantom provides detailed dose analysis for target and non-target organs and can be used to assess the efficiency of shielding in radiological examination. Conclusion: Shielding breasts and eyes during cervical radiography reduced the radiation dose to many organs. The decision to not shield patients should be based on research evidence as this approach does not apply to all cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wiam Elshami
- Department of Medical Diagnostic Imaging, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Huseyin Ozan Tekin
- Department of Medical Diagnostic Imaging, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shams A. M. Issa
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M. Abuzaid
- Department of Medical Diagnostic Imaging, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hesham M. H. Zakaly
- Physics Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt
- Department of Experimental Physics, Institute of Physics and Technology, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia
| | - Bashar Issa
- Department of Medical Diagnostic Imaging, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Antoaneta Ene
- Department of Chemistry, Physics and Environment, Faculty of Sciences and Environment, INPOLDE Research Center, Dunarea de Jos University of Galati, Galati, Romania
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Evaluation of Non-Uniform Image Quality Caused by Anode Heel Effect in Digital Radiography Using Mutual Information. ENTROPY 2021; 23:e23050525. [PMID: 33922996 PMCID: PMC8145656 DOI: 10.3390/e23050525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 04/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Anode heel effects are known to cause non-uniform image quality, but no method has been proposed to evaluate the non-uniform image quality caused by the heel effect. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to evaluate non-uniform image quality in digital radiographs using a novel circular step-wedge (CSW) phantom and normalized mutual information (nMI). All X-ray images were acquired from a digital radiography system equipped with a CsI flat panel detector. A new acrylic CSW phantom was imaged ten times at various kVp and mAs to evaluate overall and non-uniform image quality with nMI metrics. For comparisons, a conventional contrast-detail resolution phantom was imaged ten times at identical exposure parameters to evaluate overall image quality with visible ratio (VR) metrics, and the phantom was placed in different orientations to assess non-uniform image quality. In addition, heel effect correction (HEC) was executed to elucidate the impact of its effect on image quality. The results showed that both nMI and VR metrics significantly changed with kVp and mAs, and had a significant positive correlation. The positive correlation is suggestive that the nMI metrics have a similar performance to the VR metrics in assessing the overall image quality of digital radiographs. The nMI metrics significantly changed with orientations and also significantly increased after HEC in the anode direction. However, the VR metrics did not change significantly with orientations or with HEC. The results indicate that the nMI metrics were more sensitive than the VR metrics with regards to non-uniform image quality caused by the anode heel effect. In conclusion, the proposed nMI metrics with a CSW phantom outperformed the conventional VR metrics in detecting non-uniform image quality caused by the heel effect, and thus are suitable for quantitatively evaluating non-uniform image quality in digital radiographs with and without HEC.
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Poirier Y, Prado C, Prado K, Draeger E, Jackson IL, Vujaskovic Z. Use of CT simulation and 3-D radiation therapy treatment planning system to develop and validate a total-body irradiation technique for the New Zealand White rabbit. Int J Radiat Biol 2020; 97:S10-S18. [DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2019.1665215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yannick Poirier
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Charlotte Prado
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Karl Prado
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Emily Draeger
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Human Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Isabel L Jackson
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Zeljko Vujaskovic
- Division of Translational Radiation Sciences, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
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7
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Boria AJ, Perez-Torres CJ. Influence of Dose Uniformity when Replicating a Gamma Knife Mouse Model of Radiation Necrosis with a Preclinical Irradiator. Radiat Res 2019; 191:352-359. [PMID: 30779692 DOI: 10.1667/rr15273.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
A common mouse model used for studying radiation necrosis is generated with the gamma knife, which has a non-uniform dose distribution. The goal of this study was to determine whether the lesion growth observed in this mouse model is a function of non-uniform dose distribution and/or lesion progression. Here, a model similar to the gamma knife mouse model was generated; using a preclinical irradiator, mice received single-fraction doses from 50 to 100 Gy to a sub-hemispheric portion of the brain. The development of necrosis was tracked for up to 26 weeks with a 7T Bruker magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scanner using T2 and post-contrast T1 imaging. MRI findings were validated with histology, specifically H&E staining. Single small beam 50 Gy irradiations failed to produce necrosis in a 26-week span, while doses from 60 to 100 Gy produced necrosis in a timeframe ranging from 16 weeks to 2 weeks, respectively. Postmortem histology confirmed pathological development in regions corresponding with those that showed abnormal signal on MRI. The growth of the necrotic lesion observed in this gamma knife model was due in part to a non-uniform dose distribution rather than to the increased severity of the lesion. Interpretation of results from the gamma knife model must take into consideration the potential effect of nonuniform dose distribution, particularly with regards to the timing of interventions. There are time points in this model at which pre-onset, onset and post-onset of radiation necrosis are all represented in the irradiated field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J Boria
- a Purdue University School of Health Sciences, West Lafayette, Indiana
| | - Carlos J Perez-Torres
- a Purdue University School of Health Sciences, West Lafayette, Indiana.,b Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana
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8
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Seo J, Son J, Cho Y, Park N, Kim DW, Kim J, Yoon M. Kilovoltage radiotherapy for companion animals: dosimetric comparison of 300 kV, 450 kV, and 6 MV X-ray beams. J Vet Sci 2018; 19:550-556. [PMID: 29649856 PMCID: PMC6070583 DOI: 10.4142/jvs.2018.19.4.550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2017] [Revised: 03/21/2018] [Accepted: 03/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Radiotherapy for the treatment of cancer in companion animals is currently administered by using megavoltage X-ray machines. Because these machines are expensive, most animal hospitals do not perform radiotherapy. This study evaluated the ability of relatively inexpensive kilovoltage X-ray machines to treat companion animals. A simulation study based on a commercial treatment-planning system was performed for tumors of the brain (non-infectious meningoencephalitis), nasal cavity (malignant nasal tumors), forefoot (malignant muscular tumors), and abdomen (malignant intestinal tumors). The results of kilovoltage (300 kV and 450 kV) and megavoltage (6 MV) X-ray beams were compared. Whereas the 300 kV and 6 MV X-ray beams provided optimal radiation dose homogeneity and conformity, respectively, for brain tumors, the 6 MV X-rays provided optimal homogeneity and radiation conformity for nasal cavity, forefoot, and abdominal tumors. Although megavoltage X-ray beams provided better radiation dose distribution in most treated animals, the differences between megavoltage and kilovoltage X-ray beams were relatively small. The similar therapeutic effects of the kilovoltage and 6 MV X-ray beams suggest that kilovoltage X-ray beams may be effective alternatives to megavoltage X-ray beams in treating cancers in companion animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaehyeon Seo
- Department of Bio-Convergence Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Jaeman Son
- Department of Bio-Convergence Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Yeona Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Nohwon Park
- Korea Animal Cancer Center, Seoul 01684, Korea
| | - Dong Wook Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul 05278, Korea
| | - Jinsung Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei Cancer Center, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Myonggeun Yoon
- Department of Bio-Convergence Engineering, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
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9
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SHIMIZU YASUYUKI, AKASAKA HIROAKI, MIYAWAKI DAISUKE, MUKUMOTO NARITOSHI, NAKAYAMA MASAO, WANG TIANYUAN, OSUGA SAKI, INUBUSHI SACHIKO, YADA RYUICHI, EJIMA YASUO, YOSHIDA KENJI, ISHIHARA TAKEAKI, SASAKI RYOHEI. Evaluation of a Small Animal Irradiation System for Animal Experiments Using EBT3 Model GAFCHROMIC™ Film. THE KOBE JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2018; 63:E84-E91. [PMID: 29434180 PMCID: PMC5826025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/04/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In cancer research, small animal models, for example, mice, rats, or rabbits, facilitate the in-depth study of biological processes and the effects of radiation treatment that can lead to breakthrough discoveries. However, the physical quality of small animal irradiation systems has not been previously evaluated. In this study, we evaluate the quality of a small animal irradiation system using GAFCHROMIC™ film and a Tough Water Phantom. The profiles and percentage depth dose curves for several irradiation conditions were measured to evaluate the quality of the irradiation system. The symmetry ratios when the table was rotated were 1.1 (no filter), 1.0 (0.5 mm Al filter), 1.0 (1.0 mm Al filter), 1.1 (2 mm Al filter), and 1.0 (filter consisting of 0.5 mm Al combined with 0.1 mm Cu). The results of measuring the percentage depth dose curve showed that the relative doses were 17.5% (10 mm depth), 12.4% (20 mm depth), 9.5% (30 mm depth), and 7.4% (40 mm filter) with no filters inserted, 78.0% (10 mm depth), 61.1% (20 mm depth), 46.9% (30 mm depth), and 35.3% (40 mm depth) when a 1.0 mm Al filter was inserted, and 94.4% (10 mm depth), 81.7% (20 mm depth), 68.1% (30 mm depth), and 54.7% (40 mm depth) when a filter consisting of 1.0 mm Al combined with 0.2 mm Cu was inserted. These physical assessments seem to be necessary especially in vivo experiments because those increase reliability of data obtained from small animal irradiation systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- YASUYUKI SHIMIZU
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunokicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - HIROAKI AKASAKA
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunokicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - DAISUKE MIYAWAKI
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunokicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunokicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - NARITOSHI MUKUMOTO
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunokicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - MASAO NAKAYAMA
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe Minimally Invasive Cancer Center, 8-5-1, Minatojima-nakamachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0046, Japan
| | - TIANYUAN WANG
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunokicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - SAKI OSUGA
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunokicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - SACHIKO INUBUSHI
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunokicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - RYUICHI YADA
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunokicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - YASUO EJIMA
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunokicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - KENJI YOSHIDA
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunokicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunokicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - TAKEAKI ISHIHARA
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunokicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunokicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
| | - RYOHEI SASAKI
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-2 Kusunokicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
- Division of Radiation Oncology, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2 Kusunokicho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, 650-0017, Japan
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10
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Jung S, Sung W, Ye SJ. Pinhole X-ray fluorescence imaging of gadolinium and gold nanoparticles using polychromatic X-rays: a Monte Carlo study. Int J Nanomedicine 2017; 12:5805-5817. [PMID: 28860750 PMCID: PMC5565259 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s141185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This work aims to develop a Monte Carlo (MC) model for pinhole K-shell X-ray fluorescence (XRF) imaging of metal nanoparticles using polychromatic X-rays. The MC model consisted of two-dimensional (2D) position-sensitive detectors and fan-beam X-rays used to stimulate the emission of XRF photons from gadolinium (Gd) or gold (Au) nanoparticles. Four cylindrical columns containing different concentrations of nanoparticles ranging from 0.01% to 0.09% by weight (wt%) were placed in a 5 cm diameter cylindrical water phantom. The images of the columns had detectable contrast-to-noise ratios (CNRs) of 5.7 and 4.3 for 0.01 wt% Gd and for 0.03 wt% Au, respectively. Higher concentrations of nanoparticles yielded higher CNR. For 1×1011 incident particles, the radiation dose to the phantom was 19.9 mGy for 110 kVp X-rays (Gd imaging) and 26.1 mGy for 140 kVp X-rays (Au imaging). The MC model of a pinhole XRF can acquire direct 2D slice images of the object without image reconstruction. The MC model demonstrated that the pinhole XRF imaging system could be a potential bioimaging modality for nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seongmoon Jung
- Department of Transdisciplinary Studies, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonmo Sung
- Department of Transdisciplinary Studies, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Joon Ye
- Department of Transdisciplinary Studies, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Biomedical Research Institute, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.,Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Seoul National University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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11
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Penchev P, Mäder U, Fiebich M, Zink K. Design and evaluation of a Monte Carlo based model of an orthovoltage treatment system. Z Med Phys 2015; 25:341-352. [PMID: 26119861 DOI: 10.1016/j.zemedi.2015.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2014] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 05/29/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop a flexible framework of an orthovoltage treatment system capable of calculating and visualizing dose distributions in different phantoms and CT datasets. The framework provides a complete set of various filters, applicators and x-ray energies and therefore can be adapted to varying studies or be used for educational purposes. A dedicated user friendly graphical interface was developed allowing for easy setup of the simulation parameters and visualization of the results. For the Monte Carlo simulations the EGSnrc Monte Carlo code package was used. Building the geometry was accomplished with the help of the EGSnrc C++ class library. The deposited dose was calculated according to the KERMA approximation using the track-length estimator. The validation against measurements showed a good agreement within 4-5% deviation, down to depths of 20% of the depth dose maximum. Furthermore, to show its capabilities, the validated model was used to calculate the dose distribution on two CT datasets. Typical Monte Carlo calculation time for these simulations was about 10 minutes achieving an average statistical uncertainty of 2% on a standard PC. However, this calculation time depends strongly on the used CT dataset, tube potential, filter material/thickness and applicator size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petar Penchev
- Institute of Medical Physics and Radiation Protection - IMPS University of Applied Sciences, Gießen, Germany.
| | - Ulf Mäder
- Institute of Medical Physics and Radiation Protection - IMPS University of Applied Sciences, Gießen, Germany
| | - Martin Fiebich
- Institute of Medical Physics and Radiation Protection - IMPS University of Applied Sciences, Gießen, Germany
| | - Klemens Zink
- Institute of Medical Physics and Radiation Protection - IMPS University of Applied Sciences, Gießen, Germany; University Hospital Marburg, Department of Radiotherapy and Radiation Oncology, Philipps-University, Marburg, Germany
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Hill R, Healy B, Holloway L, Kuncic Z, Thwaites D, Baldock C. Advances in kilovoltage x-ray beam dosimetry. Phys Med Biol 2014; 59:R183-231. [DOI: 10.1088/0031-9155/59/6/r183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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