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Maniaki E, Pineda C, Hibbert A, Finch N. Exploring the relationship between calcitonin, ionized calcium, and bone turnover in cats with and without naturally occurring hypercalcemia. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1399942. [PMID: 38887540 PMCID: PMC11182001 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1399942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives This case-control study aimed to evaluate calcitonin response in naturally occurring hypercalcemia in cats and assess the relationships between calcitonin and ionized calcium (iCa) and examine relationships between calcitonin, iCa and bone turnover. Methods Hypercalcemic cats (persistently increased iCa concentration [>1.40 mmol/l]) were identified retrospectively via a medical database search; additional hypercalcemic and normocalcemic cats were recruited prospectively. Data regarding routine biochemical and urine testing, diagnostic imaging and additional blood testing were obtained. Serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was used as a marker of bone turnover. Serum calcitonin concentration was analyzed using a previously validated immunoradiometric assay. Hypercalcemic cats with an increased calcitonin concentration (>0.9 ng/L) were termed responders. Group comparisons were performed using a Mann-Whitney test for continuous variables and a χ2 test for categorical variables. Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to examine the relationships between calcitonin, iCa and ALP. Results Twenty-six hypercalcemic and 25 normocalcemic cats were recruited. Only 5/26 (19.2%) of the hypercalcemic cats were identified as responders, and all were diagnosed with idiopathic hypercalcemia. There was no significant correlation between the concentrations of calcitonin and iCa (p = 0.929), calcitonin and ALP (p = 0.917) or iCa and ALP (p = 0.678) in hypercalcemic cats, however, a significant negative correlation was observed between calcitonin and ALP (p = 0.037) when normocalcemic and hypercalcemic cats with an elevated calcitonin concentration were analyzed together. Discussion The expected increase in calcitonin concentration was present in only a small subset of hypercalcemic cats; no correlation was found between iCa and calcitonin concentration. The inverse relationship between calcitonin and ALP in cats with increased calcitonin concentrations suggests that the ability of calcitonin to correct hypercalcemia may be related to the degree of bone turnover.
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Affiliation(s)
- Evangelia Maniaki
- Bristol Veterinary School, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Carmen Pineda
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Angie Hibbert
- The Feline Centre, Langford Vets, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - Natalie Finch
- The Feline Centre, Langford Vets, University of Bristol, Langford, Bristol, United Kingdom
- Bristol Renal, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
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Vasileva R, Chaprazov T, Milanova A. Effects of Erythropoietin-Promoted Fracture Healing on Bone Turnover Markers in Cats. J Funct Biomater 2024; 15:106. [PMID: 38667563 PMCID: PMC11051391 DOI: 10.3390/jfb15040106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In orthopaedics, erythropoietin (EPO) is applied in the preoperative management of anaemic patients, but also as a stimulating factor to assist bone regeneration due to its angiogenic and osteoinductive potential. Since orthopaedists mainly rely on their clinical experience to assess bone healing, additional and more objective methods such as studying the dynamics of bone markers are needed. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the plasma activity of bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BALP), the N-terminal propeptide of type I collagen (PINP), the C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX), and deoxypyridinoline (DPD) during the first 2 months of healing of comminuted fractures in cats, either non-stimulated or locally stimulated with recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO). The study included twelve cats of mixed breeds, aged 7.2 ± 4 months, weighing 2.11 ± 1.1 kg, with comminuted diaphyseal fractures of the femur. Surgical treatment with plate osteosynthesis was performed in all animals. The cats were randomly divided into two groups-a control (n = 6) and an EPO group (n = 6). The locally applied EPO leads to the increased activity of bone formation markers (BALP and PINP) during the second week after the osteosynthesis, preceding the peaks in the control group by two weeks. The studied bone resorption markers (DPD, CTX) varied insignificantly during the studied period. In conclusion, erythropoietin could serve as a promoter of bone healing in comminuted fractures in cats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radina Vasileva
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria;
| | - Tsvetan Chaprazov
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria;
| | - Aneliya Milanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria;
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Lundberg AP, Tran Hoang C, Billhymer A, Selting KA. Combining radiation therapy with zoledronate for the treatment of osteo-invasive feline oral squamous cell carcinoma. Vet Comp Oncol 2022; 20:788-796. [PMID: 35561080 PMCID: PMC9796441 DOI: 10.1111/vco.12830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Feline oral squamous cell carcinoma (FOSCC) is the most common oral tumour diagnosed in pet cats and carries a poor prognosis with <10% one-year survival despite multi-modal therapies. Tumours of the mandible or maxilla are frequently osteo-invasive and pain can result from osteolysis. Zoledronate is a bisphosphonate that inhibits osteoclasts and reduces bone resorption. Radiation therapy (RT) is used to treat FOSCC due to anti-cancer activity and ability to improve quality of life. We hypothesized RT can be safely combined with zoledronate, and that this combinatory therapy would be efficacious, well tolerated, and result in decreased bone resorption in cats with FOSCC. SCCF1 cell line was treated with zoledronate before, concurrently, or after RT, and clonogenic assays were performed to determine if an optimal dosing schedule would be identified. Nine cats with osteoinvasive FOSCC were recruited for treatment with 4 weekly doses of 8 Gy RT combined with zoledronate administered at the first and fourth treatments. Serial CT scans were performed to assess tumour response. Safety and tolerability were monitored with hematologic and biochemical parameters, and acute radiation effects were characterized. Serum c-telopeptide (CTx) and relative bone mineral density (rBMD) by dual -energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) quantified bone resorption. In vitro studies showed no clear benefit to timing of zoledronate with RT, therefore all zoledronate was administered concurrently with RT in FOSCC patients. Based on tumour volume, 4/9 (44.4%) cats achieved partial remission, 4/9 (44.4%) stable disease and 1/9 (11.1%) had progressive disease. The combinatory therapy was well-tolerated based on biochemical measurements, and all patients experienced decreased serum CTx. Combining RT with zoledronate in tumour-bearing cats is safe, well-tolerated, results in a partial remission rate of up to 44%, and decreases serum CTx, a marker of bone resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alycen P. Lundberg
- Veterinary Clinical MedicineUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Christine Tran Hoang
- Veterinary Clinical MedicineUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA,Veterinary Health Center‐WentzvilleUniversity of Missouri‐ColumbiaWentzvilleMissouriUSA
| | - Audrey Billhymer
- Veterinary Clinical MedicineUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
| | - Kim A. Selting
- Veterinary Clinical MedicineUniversity of Illinois at Urbana‐ChampaignUrbanaIllinoisUSA
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Growth and reproductive performance responses to post-weaning supplementation of early and normally-weaned Brahman crossbred heifers raised in tropical rangelands. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0263786. [PMID: 35143577 PMCID: PMC8830633 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0263786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effect of five post-weaning supplementation strategies and two weaning weight groups on long-term growth, puberty and pregnancy percentage of Brahman crossbred heifers. Early-weaned (118 ± 6 kg liveweight) and normally-weaned (183 ± 6 kg liveweight) heifers were allocated to group pens (n = 4 and n = 5/pen for early- and normally-weaned respectively) and offered one of five levels of post-weaning protein supplementation: 0, 1, 2.5, 5 and 10 g of supplement/kg liveweight.day with ad libitum access to a low quality sabi grass (Urochloa mosambicensis) hay during the first dry season (169 days) after weaning. After the post-weaning supplementation period, all heifers grazed the same pastures as a single mob until the end of the experiment and were exposed to fertile bulls from January to May 2016. During the first dry season, supplement intake had a positive linear effect on liveweight gain and hip width gain with no difference in the response between weaning groups. Overall, heifers with higher supplement intakes (i.e. 5 and 10 g/kg) had higher hip height gain (P < 0.005), hip width gain (P < 0.001), body condition score (P < 0.001), and concentration of insulin-like growth factor-1 (P = 0.001), triiodothyronine (P = 0.04) and insulin (P = 0.05) in plasma compared to unsupplemented heifers. These changes resulted in thicker proliferative and hypertrophic zones (both P = 0.03) of the tuber coxae growth plate, larger diameter of terminal hypertrophic chondrocytes (both P = 0.004) at the end of the post-weaning supplementation period when comparing the highest level of supplementation with unsupplemented group. Unsupplemented heifers from both weaning weight groups demonstrated compensatory liveweight gain over the first wet season while evidence of catch-up growth in skeletal dimensions was observed in the second wet season. The main determining factor for pregnancy status of two-year-old Brahman crossbred heifers was pre-mating liveweight (P < 0.001), the pre-mating liveweight was in turn affected by post-weaning supplementation (P = 0.02) or weaning weight group (P < 0.001). This study further demonstrated the positive relationship between premating weight and the occurrence of pregnancy, with an approximate 300 kg pre-mating liveweight required to achieve approximately 80% (67.1–90.3% for a 95% confidence interval) probability of pregnancy in two-year-old Brahman crossbred heifers mated for 4 months.
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Coltherd JC, Alexander JE, Pink C, Rawlings J, Elliott J, Haydock R, Carvell-Miller LJ, Biourge VC, Molina L, Butterwick R, Logan DW, Watson P, Bakke AM. Towards establishing no observed adverse effect levels (NOAEL) for different sources of dietary phosphorus in feline adult diets: results from a 7-month feeding study. Br J Nutr 2021; 126:1626-1641. [PMID: 33550999 DOI: 10.1017/s0007114521000477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
High dietary phosphorus (P), particularly soluble salts, may contribute to chronic kidney disease development in cats. The aim of the present study was to assess the safety of P supplied at 1 g/1000 kcal (4184kJ) from a highly soluble P salt in P-rich dry format feline diets. Seventy-five healthy adult cats (n 25/group) were fed either a low P control (1·4 g/1000 kcal [4184kJ]; Ca:P ratio 0·97) or one of two test diets with 4 g/1000 kcal (4184 kJ); Ca:P 1·04 or 5 g/1000 kcal (4184kJ); Ca:P 1·27, both incorporating 1 g/1000 kcal (4184 kJ) sodium tripolyphosphate (STPP) - for a period of 30 weeks in a randomised parallel-group study. Health markers in blood and urine, glomerular filtration rate, renal ultrasound and bone density were assessed at baseline and at regular time points. At the end of the test period, responses following transition to a commercial diet (total P - 2·34 g/1000 kcal [4184kJ], Ca:P 1·3) for a 4-week washout period were also assessed. No adverse effects on general, kidney or bone (skeletal) function and health were observed. P and Ca balance, some serum biochemistry parameters and regulatory hormones were increased in cats fed test diets from week 2 onwards (P ≤ 0·05). Data from the washout period suggest that increased serum creatinine and urea values observed in the two test diet groups were influenced by dietary differences during the test period, and not indicative of changes in renal function. The present data suggest no observed adverse effect level for feline diets containing 1 g P/1000 kcal (4184 kJ) from STPP and total P level of up to 5 g/1000 kcal (4184 kJ) when fed for 30 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer C Coltherd
- Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Melton Mowbray, LeicestershireLE14 4RT, UK
| | - Janet E Alexander
- Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Melton Mowbray, LeicestershireLE14 4RT, UK
| | - Claire Pink
- Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Melton Mowbray, LeicestershireLE14 4RT, UK
| | - John Rawlings
- Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Melton Mowbray, LeicestershireLE14 4RT, UK
| | - Jonathan Elliott
- Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Royal Veterinary College, University of London, LondonNW1 0TU, UK
| | - Richard Haydock
- Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Melton Mowbray, LeicestershireLE14 4RT, UK
| | | | | | | | - Richard Butterwick
- Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Melton Mowbray, LeicestershireLE14 4RT, UK
| | - Darren W Logan
- Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Melton Mowbray, LeicestershireLE14 4RT, UK
| | - Phillip Watson
- Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Melton Mowbray, LeicestershireLE14 4RT, UK
| | - Anne Marie Bakke
- Waltham Petcare Science Institute, Melton Mowbray, LeicestershireLE14 4RT, UK
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McNulty MA, Prevatt PB, Nussbaum ER, Randle AN, Johnson AK, Hudson JA, Gray-Edwards HL, Sena-Esteves M, Martin DR, Carlson CS. Abnormal epiphyseal development in a feline model of Sandhoff disease. J Orthop Res 2020; 38:2580-2591. [PMID: 32678923 PMCID: PMC8241401 DOI: 10.1002/jor.24803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2019] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Sandhoff disease (SD) is caused by decreased function of the enzyme β-N-acetylhexosaminidase, resulting in accumulation of GM2 ganglioside in tissues. Neural tissue is primarily affected and individuals with the infantile form of the disease generally do not survive beyond 4 years of age. Current treatments address neurometabolic deficits to improve lifespan, however, this extended lifespan allows clinical disease to become manifest in other tissues, including the musculoskeletal system. The impact of SD on bone and joint tissues has yet to be fully determined. In a feline model of infantile SD, animals were treated by intracranial injection of adeno-associated virus vectors to supply the central nervous system with corrective levels of hexosaminidase, resulting in a twofold to threefold increase in lifespan. As treated animals aged, signs of musculoskeletal disease were identified. The present study characterized bone and joint lesions from affected cats using micro-computed tomography and histology. All affected cats had similar lesions, whether or not they were treated. SD cats displayed a significant reduction in metaphyseal trabecular bone and markedly abnormal size and shape of epiphyses. Abnormalities increased in severity with age and appear to be due to alteration in the function of chondrocytes within epiphyseal cartilage, particularly the articular-epiphyseal complex. Older cats developed secondary osteoarthritic changes. The changes identified are similar to those seen in humans with mucopolysaccharidoses. Statement of clinical significance: the lesions identified will have significant implications on the quality of life of individuals whose lifespans are extended due to treatments for the primary neurological effects of SD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret A. McNulty
- Department of Anatomy, Cell Biology, and Physiology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana,Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, Louisiana State University School of Veterinary Medicine, Baton Rouge, Louisiana
| | - Patricia B. Prevatt
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, Alabama,Scott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Elizabeth R. Nussbaum
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, St Paul, Minnesota
| | - Ashley N. Randle
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Aime K. Johnson
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, Alabama,Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Judith A. Hudson
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Heather L. Gray-Edwards
- Scott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Miguel Sena-Esteves
- Department of Neurology and Gene Therapy Center, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worchester, Massachusetts
| | - Douglas R. Martin
- Department of Anatomy, Physiology, and Pharmacology, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, Alabama,Scott-Ritchey Research Center, Auburn University College of Veterinary Medicine, Auburn, Alabama
| | - Cathy S. Carlson
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine, St Paul, Minnesota
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Serum Concentration of Bone Metabolism Biomarkers in Goats during the Transition Period. Vet Med Int 2020; 2020:4064209. [PMID: 32099639 PMCID: PMC7013289 DOI: 10.1155/2020/4064209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective During the transition period, the animal experiences a series of nutritional, physiological, and social changes. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the influence of the periparturient period in goats on the serum concentrations of the bone biomarkers osteocalcin (OC), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (b-ALP), and pyridinoline cross-links (PYD). Method Blood samples were collected from fifteen female goats during the periparturient period 3 wk before expected parturition (T -3), within 12 h of parturition (T -3), within 12 h of parturition (T -3), within 12 h of parturition (. Results Compared to a value of 77.67 ± 47.6 ng/mL at T -3), within 12 h of parturition (T -3), within 12 h of parturition (T -3), within 12 h of parturition (T -3), within 12 h of parturition (T -3), within 12 h of parturition (T -3), within 12 h of parturition (P > 0.05). Compared to a value of 42.00 ± 19.50 U/L at T -3), within 12 h of parturition (T -3), within 12 h of parturition (T -3), within 12 h of parturition (T -3), within 12 h of parturition (T -3), within 12 h of parturition (T -3), within 12 h of parturition (P > 0.05). Compared to a value of 42.00 ± 19.50 U/L at T -3), within 12 h of parturition (T -3), within 12 h of parturition (P > 0.05). Compared to a value of 42.00 ± 19.50 U/L at T -3), within 12 h of parturition (T -3), within 12 h of parturition (P > 0.05). Compared to a value of 42.00 ± 19.50 U/L at. Conclusion The results of this study showed that the bone formation biomarkers (OC and b-ALP) did not change significantly during the periparturient period, while the bone resorption biomarker decreased significantly at parturition compared to 3 wk before and 3 wk after parturition. The significantly increased serum estrogen around parturition may have had a role in the increased bone resorption at this time.
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Tharwat M, Al-Sobayil F. Influence of electro-ejaculator on serum concentrations of acute phase proteins and bone metabolism biomarkers in male dromedary camels (Camelus dromedarius). JOURNAL OF APPLIED ANIMAL RESEARCH 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/09712119.2018.1490299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Tharwat
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Fahd Al-Sobayil
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Qassim, Buraydah, Saudi Arabia
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Liu N, Zhang T, Cao BR, Luan FY, Liu RX, Yin HR, Wang WB. Icariin possesses chondroprotective efficacy in a rat model of dexamethasone-induced cartilage injury through the activation of miR-206 targeting of cathepsin K. Int J Mol Med 2017; 41:1039-1047. [PMID: 29207029 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2017.3289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Accepted: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the articular cartilage and chondrocytes of dexamethasone (DXM)-induced cartilage injuries in rats in response to treatment with icariin, as well as the implicated molecular mechanism. Effects of icariin on bone metabolism and articular cartilage in experimental rats were investigated. Subsequently, the present study assessed dysregulated microRNA (miRNA) in the articular cartilage of experimental rats, and validated the significant miRNA and their targets. Finally, the effects of icariin on chondrocytes in experimental rats and the implicated molecular mechanism were explored. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction demonstrated that icariin significantly reversed DXM-induced bone degradation and stimulated bone regeneration. In addition, some notable changes in articular cartilage were also observed following continuous administration of icariin to DXM-treated rats, including enhanced cartilage area (revealed by safranin-O staining), substantial decrements in serum concentrations of deoxypyridinoline and C-terminal telopeptide of type II collagen, reduced expression of collagen type I and matrix metalloproteinase-13, as well as elevated expression of transforming growth factor-β. Furthermore, miR-206 was determined to be significantly upregulated in the icariin group compared with the DXM-treated group. A luciferase assay further validated cathepsin K as the target RNA of miR-206. Additionally, icariin (100 µM) facilitated the viability of chondrocytes and reduced apoptotic chondrocytes. More importantly, icariin (100 µM) not only abolished the inhibition effect of DXM on miR-206 expression in chondrocytes, but also eliminated the enhancing effect of DXM on cathepsin K expression. Overall, the present study identified icariin as a novel therapeutic agent in DXM-induced cartilage injury in rats, and revealed that the activation of miR-206 targeting of cathepsin K may be responsible for the chondroprotective efficacy of icariin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Tao Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Bo-Ran Cao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Fei-Yu Luan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Rui-Xuan Liu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Hao-Rong Yin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Bo Wang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150001, P.R. China
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Uçmak M, Yılmaz ÖT, Gündüz MC, Uçmak ZG, Duzgun O, Eskiyurt N, Oruç CU, Genç S, Erzengin ÖM, Karaçam E. Osteoporotic risk and physeal closure in prepubertal ovariohysterectomized cats. Anim Reprod Sci 2015; 161:146-51. [PMID: 26386680 DOI: 10.1016/j.anireprosci.2015.09.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2015] [Revised: 08/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/01/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to examine the early effects of prepubertal ovariohysterectomy (P-OHE) on bone loss and proximal physeal closure in cats. Fourteen kittens randomly underwent P-OHE or sham operations (S-OP) at three months (mo) of age and were allocated to group I and group II. Each mo between four and nine mo of age, dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scans were performed to determine the total body bone mineral density (BMD) and bone mineral content (BMC). Proximal radial physeal closure and radial length were determined by radiography. Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP), carboxy-terminal collagen teleopeptide (CTX), 17-β estradiol, progesterone, calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) were measured in the serum samples. No significant differences were observed between the groups in terms of BMD, BMC, BAP, BAP/CTX, P, progesterone and body weight (BW) (between 4 and 9mo) and for Ca (between 5 and 9mo) and for CTX levels (between 4 and 8mo). The 17-β estradiol was significantly higher at 6, 8 and 9mo of age in the S-OP group due to puberty (P=0.02, P=0.03 and P=0.02 respectively). Although there was a significant difference (P=0.0002) between the P-OHE and S-OP groups in terms of the proximal radial physeal closure times (7.43±0.20mo and 6.14±0.14mo, respectively), no significant difference was observed for the mean radius length (10.59±0.10cm and 10.06±0.27cm, respectively) at the last evaluation time. In conclusion, prepubertal ovariohysterectomized cats do not have any osteoporotic risks until nine mo of age and exhibit a delayed physeal closure time without a change in radius length.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melih Uçmak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University, 34320 Avcılar, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Özge Turna Yılmaz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University, 34320 Avcılar, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Mehmet Can Gündüz
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University, 34320 Avcılar, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Zeynep Günay Uçmak
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University, 34320 Avcılar, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Oktay Duzgun
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Istanbul University, 34320 Avcılar, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Nurten Eskiyurt
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, 34093 Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Coşkun Umut Oruç
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, 34093 Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Sema Genç
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, 34093 Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ömer Mehmet Erzengin
- Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul University, 34303 Kocamustafapaşa, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Esra Karaçam
- Institute of Health Sciences, Istanbul University, 34303 Kocamustafapaşa, Istanbul, Turkey.
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Arya N, Moonarmart W, Cheewamongkolnimit N, Keratikul N, Poon-Iam S, Routh A, Bumpenpol P, Angkawanish T. Osteocalcin and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) at different ages. Vet J 2015; 206:239-40. [PMID: 26361748 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2015.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/23/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Bone turnover markers could offer a potential alternative means for the early diagnosis of metabolic bone disease in young growing elephants although the baseline of bone turnover markers in elephant is not well established. The aim of this study was to determine any relationship between the age of captive Asian elephants (Elephas maximus) and markers of bone formation. Serum samples from 24 female Asian elephants were collected to evaluate levels of two bone formation markers, namely, osteocalcin (OC) and bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (BAP). Both intact and N-terminal midfragment OC and BAP were negatively correlated with age. The findings demonstrate that younger elephants have a higher rate of bone turnover than older elephants. Use of these and additional bone markers could lead to the establishment of validated protocols for the monitoring of bone disease in elephants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nlin Arya
- Department of Pre-clinic and Applied Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
| | - Walasinee Moonarmart
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Public Health, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Nareerat Cheewamongkolnimit
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Nutcha Keratikul
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Sawinee Poon-Iam
- Faculty of Veterinary Science, Mahidol University, Phuttamonthon 4 Road, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Andrew Routh
- Durrell Wildlife Conservation Trust, Les Augrès Manor, Trinity, Jersey JE3 5BP, Channel Island, UK
| | - Pitikarn Bumpenpol
- Thai Elephant Conservation Center under Royal Patronage, Lampang, Thailand
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12
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Borgeat K, Dudhia J, Luis Fuentes V, Connolly DJ. Circulating concentrations of a marker of type I collagen metabolism are associated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy mutation status in ragdoll cats. J Small Anim Pract 2015; 56:360-5. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12332] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2014] [Revised: 12/03/2014] [Accepted: 12/08/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Borgeat
- Clinical Science and Services; Royal Veterinary College; Hatfield AL9 7TA
- Highcroft Veterinary Referrals; Bristol BS14 9BE
| | - J. Dudhia
- Clinical Science and Services; Royal Veterinary College; Hatfield AL9 7TA
| | - V. Luis Fuentes
- Clinical Science and Services; Royal Veterinary College; Hatfield AL9 7TA
| | - D. J. Connolly
- Clinical Science and Services; Royal Veterinary College; Hatfield AL9 7TA
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13
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Tharwat M, Al-Sobayil F, Buczinski S. Influence of racing on the serum concentrations of acute-phase proteins and bone metabolism biomarkers in racing greyhounds. Vet J 2014; 202:372-7. [PMID: 25294662 DOI: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2014.08.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2014] [Revised: 08/25/2014] [Accepted: 08/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to evaluate the influence of racing on the serum concentrations of the acute-phase proteins (APPs) C-reactive protein (CRP), haptoglobin (Hp) and serum amyloid A (SAA) in 32 endurance-racing greyhounds. The study also aimed to investigate the effect of a 7 km race on the bone biomarkers osteocalcin (OC), bone-specific alkaline phosphatase (b-ALP) and pyridinoline cross-links (PYD). Total white blood cell (WBC) count, and the serum concentrations of cortisol, tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), vitamin D and testosterone were also determined. Blood samples were collected 24 h prior to (T0) and within 2 h of completion of the race (T1). Compared to baseline values, WBC count did not change significantly (P = 0.2300), serum cortisol, Hp and SAA increased, while TNF-α and CRP decreased (P <0.0001 for each). There were no significant differences between the pre- and post-race serum concentrations of OC and PYD (P = 0.9500 and P = 0.2600, respectively), but serum b-ALP increased significantly (P = 0.0004). Serum concentrations of vitamin D and testosterone increased after racing (P = 0.0100 and P <0.0001, respectively). In this study, a 7 km race stimulated an acute-phase response, demonstrated by significant increases in the serum concentrations Hp and SAA in racing greyhounds. Increased serum b-ALP post-race probably indicates a change in bone metabolism and deserves further study.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tharwat
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia; Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - F Al-Sobayil
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Qassim University, Saudi Arabia
| | - S Buczinski
- Bovine Ambulatory Clinic, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Canada.
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14
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The influence of sex on biochemical markers of bone turnover in dogs. Res Vet Sci 2012; 93:918-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2012.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2011] [Revised: 11/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/09/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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15
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Zotti A, Gianesella M, Ceccato C, Morgante M. Physiological values and factors affecting the metacarpal bone density of healthy feedlot beef cattle as measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2011; 94:615-22. [PMID: 19906131 DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0396.2009.00946.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The metacarpal bone mineral density of 136 healthy feedlot beef cattle of four different breeds (Charolaise, Limousine, Irish Crossbreed and Slovakian Crossbreed) raised and fed on standard conditions was measured by means of a dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry technique in an ex vivo study design. The average reference values (mean ± SD) of bone mineral density (BMD) for animals aged between 12 and 22 months and weighing between 236 and 546 kg have been reported and the effects of (i) breed, (ii) gender, (iii) age and (iv) body weight on bone mineral density have been considered. A significant difference (i) among different breeds and (ii) between genders resulted, whereas a high correlation between bone density and (iii) age and (iv) body weight was detected within the same breed and gender, with body weight being the most important factor affecting BMD. A modern new technological insight into the study of bovine bone physio-pathology is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Zotti
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Radiology Unit, University of Padua, Viale dell'Università, Legnaro (Padua), Italy.
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17
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Analysis of biochemical markers of bone metabolism in Asian elephants (Elephas maximus). J Zoo Wildl Med 2008; 39:527-36. [PMID: 19110692 DOI: 10.1638/2006-0024.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Two human enzyme immunoassays (EIA) and one radioimmunoassay (RIA) were validated and used to measure osteocalcin (OC), bone alkaline phosphatase (BAP), and the cross-linked telopeptide domain of type I collagen (ICTP), in serum from Asian elephants (Elephas maximus). Sera from four adult females sampled on 7 consecutive days were also analyzed to assess the existence and magnitude of intraindividual day-to-day variability of the serum concentration of these markers. Sample dilution curves were parallel with assay standard curves, which demonstrated that excellent cross reactivity existed between assay antibodies and elephants marker antigens. Statistically significant inverse correlations were found between age and concentrations of all three markers: BAP, r = -0.862 (P < 0.01); OC, r = -0.788 (P < 0.002); and ICTP, r = -0.848 (P < 0.01). Strong positive correlations were found between BAP and OC (r = 0.797, P < 0.01), OC and ICTP (r = 0.860, P < 0.01), and between BAP and ICTP (r = 0.958, P < 0.01). No statistically significant intraindividual variability was found over 7 days in the four adult females for any of the markers assessed (OC: P = 0.089; ICTP: P = 0.642; BAP: P = 0.146; n=4 in each case). The overall coefficient of variability observed in this group of animals was 10.3%, 7.4%, and 5.5% for OC, BAP, and ICTP, respectively. These results suggest a potential role for biochemical markers of bone turnover in monitoring skeletal health and bone disease in Asian elephants.
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18
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Hintermeister JG, Jones PD, Hoffmann WE, Siegel AM, Dervisis NG, Kitchell BE. Measurement of serum carboxyterminal cross-linked telopeptide of type I collagen concentration in dogs with osteosarcoma. Am J Vet Res 2008; 69:1481-6. [DOI: 10.2460/ajvr.69.11.1481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
A 1-year-old neutered male domestic shorthair cat presented with a 4-week history of polydipsia that began immediately after an 8 m fall. Trauma-induced central diabetes insipidus was suspected on the basis of the identification of hyposthenuria, normal haematology and serum biochemistry profile and unremarkable abdominal ultrasound examination. Failure to concentrate urine with water deprivation followed by production of hypersthenuric urine with administration of the synthetic antidiuretic hormone, Damino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP), confirmed the diagnosis of central diabetes insipidus. Treatment via conjunctival administration of DDAVP failed to attenuate the polydipsia, however, resolution of polydipsia was achieved with subcutaneous administration of DDAVP and the cat remains eudipsic with twice daily subcutaneous DDAVP administration 17 months after diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F E Campbell
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Queensland, St Lucia QLD 4072, Australia.
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20
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Bone-specific alkaline phosphatase as a good indicator of bone formation in sheepdogs. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [DOI: 10.1007/s00580-007-0692-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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21
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Abstract
A 1-year-old neutered male domestic shorthair cat presented with a 4-week history of polydipsia that began immediately after an 8 metre fall. Trauma-induced central diabetes insipidus was suspected on the basis of the identification of hyposthenuria, normal haematology and serum biochemistry profile and unremarkable abdominal ultrasound examination. Failure to concentrate urine with water deprivation followed by production of hypersthenuric urine with administration of the synthetic antidiuretic hormone, Deamino-8-D-arginine vasopressin (DDAVP), confirmed the diagnosis of central diabetes insipidus. Treatment via conjunctival administration of DDAVP failed to attenuate the polydipsia, however, resolution of polydipsia was achieved with subcutaneous administration of DDAVP and the cat remains eudipsic with twice daily subcutaneous DDAVP administration 17 months after diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- F E Campbell
- Veterinary Teaching Hospital, University of Queensland, St Lucia, Queensland 4072
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22
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Lacoste H, Fan TM, Lorimier LP, Charney SC. Urine N-Telopeptide Excretion in Dogs with Appendicular Osteosarcoma. J Vet Intern Med 2006. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2006.tb02865.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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