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Akashi N, Murahata Y, Hosokawa M, Hikasa Y, Okamoto Y, Imagawa T. Cardiovascular and renal effects of constant rate infusions of remifentanil, dexmedetomidine and their combination in dogs anesthetized with sevoflurane. J Vet Med Sci 2020; 83:285-296. [PMID: 33310997 PMCID: PMC7972892 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.20-0457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated changes in cardiovascular and renal functions as well as arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion, with remifentanil and dexmedetomidine administration alone or in combination in sevoflurane-anesthetized dogs. Six healthy adult Beagle dogs received one of the following four treatments in a randomized crossover study: saline (C), remifentanil alone at successively increasing doses (R; 0.15, 0.60, and 2.40 µg/kg/min), dexmedetomidine alone (D; 0.5 µg/kg intravenously for initial 10 min followed by a constant rate infusion at 0.5 µg/kg/hr), and a combination of remifentanil and dexmedetomidine at the above-mentioned doses (RD). Sevoflurane doses were adjusted to 1.5 times of minimum alveolar concentration (MAC) equivalent according to MAC-sparing effects with remifentanil and dexmedetomidine as previously reported. Cardiovascular measurements, renal function data, and plasma AVP concentrations were determined before and every 60 min until 180 min after drug administration as per each treatment. In the R, D and RD, heart rate significantly decreased and mean arterial pressure significantly increased from baseline or with C. Cardiac index significantly decreased and systemic vascular resistance index increased with D and RD. Oxygen extraction ratio, renal blood flow, and glomerular filtration rate were not affected. The plasma AVP concentrations significantly decreased in D and RD, but increased in R. Only in D, the natriuresis was elicited. The combination of remifentanil and dexmedetomidine in sevoflurane-anesthetized dogs was acceptable in terms of the hemodynamics, oxygenation, and renal function. Remifentanil may interfere with dexmedetomidine-induced diuresis and inhibition of AVP secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natsuki Akashi
- Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Yusuke Murahata
- Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Masahumi Hosokawa
- Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Hikasa
- Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Yoshiharu Okamoto
- Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Imagawa
- Joint Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, Tottori University, 4-101 Koyama-Minami, Tottori, Tottori 680-8553, Japan
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Gupta N, Jangid AK, Pooja D, Kulhari H. Inulin: A novel and stretchy polysaccharide tool for biomedical and nutritional applications. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 132:852-863. [PMID: 30926495 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.03.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2019] [Revised: 03/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Inulin (INU) is a flexible, fructan type polysaccharide carbohydrate, mainly obtained from the root of chicory. It is a water-soluble dietary fibre and has been recently approved by the Food and Drug Administration for improving the nutritional values of food products. INU is not digested or fermented in the initial portion of the human digestive system and directly reaches on the distal portion of the colon. Owing to this superior property, INU is specially applied to develop specific carrier systems for localized delivery of drugs related to colon diseases. Several studies proved that the fermented bi-products of INU help the growth and stimulating activity of colon bacteria e.g. Bifidobacterium and Lactobacilli. INU also has several inherent therapeutic effects like reduction of tumor risks, help in calcium ion absorption, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant properties etc. Apart from these, INU has been used for different pharmaceutical applications as a drug carrier, stabilizing agent, cryoprotectant, and an alternative to fats and sugars. Here, we review the applications of INU in different areas of biomedical science, look back into the nutritional effects of INU and outline various routes of administration of INU-based formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nitin Gupta
- School of Nano Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar 382030, Gujarat, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Jangid
- School of Nano Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar 382030, Gujarat, India
| | - Deep Pooja
- Applied Biology Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad 500007, Telangana, India.
| | - Hitesh Kulhari
- School of Nano Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar 382030, Gujarat, India.
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Mandracchia D, Rosato A, Trapani A, Chlapanidas T, Montagner IM, Perteghella S, Di Franco C, Torre ML, Trapani G, Tripodo G. Design, synthesis and evaluation of biotin decorated inulin-based polymeric micelles as long-circulating nanocarriers for targeted drug delivery. NANOMEDICINE-NANOTECHNOLOGY BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE 2017; 13:1245-1254. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nano.2017.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2016] [Revised: 12/07/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Nakamura T, Fujita T, Kishimura M, Suita K, Hidaka Y, Cai W, Umemura M, Yokoyama U, Uechi M, Ishikawa Y. Vidarabine, an Anti-Herpes Virus Agent, Protects Against the Development of Heart Failure With Relatively Mild Side-Effects on Cardiac Function in a Canine Model of Pacing-Induced Dilated Cardiomyopathy. Circ J 2016; 80:2496-2505. [PMID: 27818454 DOI: 10.1253/circj.cj-16-0736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In heart failure patients, chronic hyperactivation of sympathetic signaling is known to exacerbate cardiac dysfunction. In this study, the cardioprotective effect of vidarabine, an anti-herpes virus agent, which we identified as a cardiac adenylyl cyclase inhibitor, in dogs with pacing-induced dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) was evaluated. In addition, the adverse effects of vidarabine on basal cardiac function was compared to those of the β-blocker, carvedilol.Methods and Results:Vidarabine and carvedilol attenuated the development of pacing-induced systolic dysfunction significantly and with equal effectiveness. Both agents also inhibited the development of cardiac apoptosis and fibrosis and reduced the Na+-Ca2+exchanger-1 protein level in the heart. Importantly, carvedilol significantly enlarged the left ventricle and atrium; vidarabine, in contrast, did not. Vidarabine-treated dogs maintained cardiac response to β-AR stimulation better than carvedilol-treated dogs did. CONCLUSIONS Vidarabine may protect against pacing-induced DCM with less suppression of basal cardiac function than carvedilol in a dog model. (Circ J 2016; 80: 2496-2505).
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Nakamura
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine
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