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Wu J, Nan W, Peng G, Hu H, Xu C, Huang J, Xiao Z. Screening of linear B-cell epitopes and its proinflammatory activities of Haemophilus parasuis outer membrane protein P2. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1192651. [PMID: 37207184 PMCID: PMC10189045 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1192651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Haemophilus parasuis is a commensal organism of the upper respiratory tract of pigs, but virulent strains can cause Glässer's disease, resulting in significant economic losses to the swine industry. OmpP2 is an outer membrane protein of this organism that shows considerable heterogeneity between virulent and non-virulent strains, with classification into genotypes I and II. It also acts as a dominant antigen and is involved in the inflammatory response. In this study, 32 monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against recombinant OmpP2 (rOmpP2) of different genotypes were tested for reactivity to a panel of OmpP2 peptides. Nine linear B cell epitopes were screened, including five common genotype epitopes (Pt1a, Pt7/Pt7a, Pt9a, Pt17, and Pt19/Pt19a) and two groups of genotype-specific epitopes (Pt5 and Pt5-II, Pt11/Pt11a, and Pt11a-II). In addition, we used positive sera from mice and pigs to screen for five linear B-cell epitopes (Pt4, Pt14, Pt15, Pt21, and Pt22). After porcine alveolar macrophages (PAMs) were stimulated with overlapping OmpP2 peptides, we found that the epitope peptides Pt1 and Pt9, and the loop peptide Pt20 which was adjacent epitopes could all significantly upregulated the mRNA expression levels of IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α. Additionally, we identified epitope peptides Pt7, Pt11/Pt11a, Pt17, Pt19, and Pt21 and loop peptides Pt13 and Pt18 which adjacent epitopes could also upregulate the mRNA expression levels of most proinflammatory cytokines. This suggested that these peptides may be the virulence-related sites of the OmpP2 protein, with proinflammatory activity. Further study revealed differences in the mRNA expression levels of proinflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β and IL-6, between genotype-specific epitopes, which may be responsible for pathogenic differences between different genotype strains. Here, we profiled a linear B-cell epitope map of the OmpP2 protein and preliminarily analyzed the proinflammatory activities and effects of these epitopes on bacterial virulence, providing a reliable theoretical basis for establishing a method to distinguish strain pathogenicity and to screen candidate peptides for subunit vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingbo Wu
- Henry Fok College of Yingdong Biology and Agricultural, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
- North Guangdong Collaborative Innovation and Development Center of Pig Farming and Disease Control, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
- North Guangdong Pig Breeding Waste Reduction Engineering Technology Center, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Wenjin Nan
- Henry Fok College of Yingdong Biology and Agricultural, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
- North Guangdong Pig Breeding Waste Reduction Engineering Technology Center, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
- *Correspondence: Wenjin Nan,
| | - Guoliang Peng
- Henry Fok College of Yingdong Biology and Agricultural, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
- North Guangdong Pig Breeding Waste Reduction Engineering Technology Center, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Honghui Hu
- Henry Fok College of Yingdong Biology and Agricultural, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
- North Guangdong Pig Breeding Waste Reduction Engineering Technology Center, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Chongbo Xu
- Henry Fok College of Yingdong Biology and Agricultural, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
- North Guangdong Collaborative Innovation and Development Center of Pig Farming and Disease Control, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Jianqiang Huang
- Henry Fok College of Yingdong Biology and Agricultural, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
- North Guangdong Collaborative Innovation and Development Center of Pig Farming and Disease Control, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
| | - Zhengzhong Xiao
- Henry Fok College of Yingdong Biology and Agricultural, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
- North Guangdong Collaborative Innovation and Development Center of Pig Farming and Disease Control, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan, China
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Sialidase of Glaesserella parasuis Augments Inflammatory Response via Desialylation and Abrogation of Negative Regulation of Siglec-5. Infect Immun 2021; 89:IAI.00696-20. [PMID: 33526563 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00696-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Siglecs are sialic acid-binding immunoglobulin-like lectins that play an important role in tissue homeostasis, immune response, and pathogen infection. Bacterial sialidases act on natural ligands of Siglecs, interfering with the Siglec-mediated immune response. Glaesserella parasuis is a porcine bacterial pathogen that secretes sialidase. However, little is known about the sialidase of G. parasuis and its impact on immune regulation. Here, we used wild-type G. parasuis, a sialidase-deficient mutant, and complementary strains to investigate the role of sialidase in porcine alveolar macrophage infection. Sialidase induced the release of proinflammatory cytokines, such as interleukin-1α (IL-1α), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha, from porcine alveolar macrophages. Moreover, sialidase desialylated the surface of porcine alveolar macrophages and altered the expression of Siglecs (the expression of Siglec-5 was reduced). Furthermore, sialidase led to a reduction in endogenous SH2 domain-containing protein tyrosine phosphatase (SHP-2) recruitment to Siglec-5 and simultaneously activated the inflammatory response via the mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor kappa light chain enhancer of activated B cell signaling pathways. This desialylation occurred before the release of proinflammatory cytokines, suggesting that the sialidase-induced inflammatory response was followed by reduced recruitment of SHP-2 to Siglec-5. Thus, this study is the first to demonstrate the role of sialidase in the inflammatory response of G. parasuis. This role resulted from the abrogation of negative regulation of Siglec-5 on proinflammatory cytokine release. This study helps to understand the molecular mechanism underlying the inflammatory response induced by sialidase secreted by G. parasuis and the acute inflammation caused by G. parasuis.
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He C, Yang P, Wang L, Jiang X, Zhang W, Liang X, Yin L, Yin Z, Geng Y, Zhong Z, Song X, Zou Y, Li L, Lv C. Antibacterial effect of Blumea balsamifera DC. essential oil against Haemophilus parasuis. Arch Microbiol 2020; 202:2499-2508. [PMID: 32638056 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-020-01946-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Haemophilus parasuis (H. parasuis), the cause of the Glasser's disease, is a potentially pathogenic gram-negative organism that colonizes the upper respiratory tract of pigs. The extraction of Blumea balsamifera DC., as a traditional Chinese herb, has shown great bacteriostatic effect against several common bacteria. To study the antibacterial effect on H. parasuis in vitro, this study evaluated the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) of Blumea balsamifera DC. essential oil (BBO) as well as morphological changes in H. parasuis treated with it. Furthermore, changes in expression of total protein and key virulence factors were also assessed. Results showed that the MIC and MBC were 0.625 and 1.25 μg/mL, respectively. As the concentration of BBO increased, the growth curve inhibition became stronger. H. parasuis cells were damaged severely after treatment with BBO for 4 h, demonstrating plasmolysis and enlarged vacuoles, along with broken cell walls and membranes. Total protein and virulence factor expression in H. parasuis was significantly downregulated by BBO. Taken together, these results indicated a substantial antibacterial effect of BBO on H. parasuis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changliang He
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road No. 211, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China. .,Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Peiyi Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road No. 211, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lu Wang
- Engineering Research Center of the Utilization for Characteristic Bio-Pharmaceutical Resources in Southwest, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolin Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road No. 211, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road No. 211, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxia Liang
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road No. 211, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lizi Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road No. 211, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongqiong Yin
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road No. 211, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Geng
- Department of Basic Veterinary, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- Sichuan Province Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health, Key Laboratory of Environmental Hazard and Human Health of Sichuan Province, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Song
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road No. 211, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuanfeng Zou
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road No. 211, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lixia Li
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road No. 211, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Lv
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Huimin Road No. 211, Wenjiang District, Chengdu, Sichuan, People's Republic of China.,Natural Medicine Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, People's Republic of China
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Costa-Hurtado M, Barba-Vidal E, Maldonado J, Aragon V. Update on Glässer's disease: How to control the disease under restrictive use of antimicrobials. Vet Microbiol 2020; 242:108595. [PMID: 32122599 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2020.108595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobials have been commonly used to control bacterial diseases in farm animals. The efficacy of these drugs deterred the development of other control measures, such as vaccines, which are currently getting more attention due to the increased concern about antimicrobial resistance. Glässer's disease is caused by Glaesserella (Haemophilus) parasuis and affects pork production around the world. Balance between colonization and immunity seems to be essential in disease control. Reduction in antimicrobial use in veterinary medicine requires the implementation of preventive measures, based on alternative tools such as vaccination and other strategies to guarantee a beneficial microbial colonization of the animals. The present review summarizes and discusses the current knowledge on diagnosis and control of Glässer's disease, including prospects on alternatives to antimicrobials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mar Costa-Hurtado
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain.
| | | | | | - Virginia Aragon
- IRTA, Centre de Recerca en Sanitat Animal (CReSA, IRTA-UAB), Campus de la Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Bellaterra, 08193, Spain; OIE Collaborating Centre for the Research and Control of Emerging and Re-emerging Swine Diseases in Europe (IRTA-CReSA), Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
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