Usefulness of CT angiography for characterizing cerebral arteriovenous malformations presenting as hemorrhage: Comparison with digital subtraction angiography

Comparison of Clinical Efficacy of Sodium Nitroprusside and Urapidil in the Treatment of Acute Hypertensive Cerebral Hemorrhage

This paper mainly studies the clinical efficacy of sodium nitroprusside and urapidil in the treatment of acute hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage and analyzes the brain CT image detection based on a deep learning algorithm. A total of 132 cases of acute hypertension admitted to XXX hospital from XX 2019 to XX 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The diseases of all patients were clinically confirmed, and patients were divided into groups according to the differences in treatment methods. Urapidil was used for group 1; sodium nitroprusside was used for group 2; and urapidil combined with sodium nitroprusside was used for group 3. A convolutional neural network in deep learning is used to construct intelligent processing to classify brain CT images of patients. The network performance of AlexNet, GoogLeNet, and CNN3 is predicted. The results show that GoogLeNet has the highest prediction accuracy of 0.83, followed by AlexNet with 0.80 and CNN3 with 0.74. The results of the performance parameter curve show that the GoogLeNet has the highest performance parameter of 0.89, followed by AlexNet and CNN3 network. The performance parameter curve of machine learning is above 0.80. After five weeks of drug treatment, the hematoma volume was (3.8 ± 2.6) mL in group1, (7.6 ± 2.8) mL in group 2, and (2.8 ± 1.5) mL in group 3. After 5 days of treatment, the patients' heart rate changed compared with before treatment. Compared with group 2, there were significant differences between groups 1 and 3 (P < 0.01), indicating that the therapeutic effect of the combination group was significantly better than that of the other groups alone. In summary, the combination of sodium nitroprusside and urapidil has a significantly better effect than that of urapidil alone. A convolutional neural network based on deep learning improves the recognition accuracy of medical images.

State of the Art and Future Direction in Diagnosis, Molecular Biology, Genetics, and Treatment of Brain Arteriovenous Malformations

Brain arteriovenous malformations (bAVMs) are uncommon and represent a heterogeneous group of lesions. Although these 2 facts have delayed research on this topic, knowledge about the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and treatment of bAVMs has evolved in recent years. We conducted a review of the literature to update the knowledge about diagnosis, molecular biology, genetic, pathology, and treatment by searching for the following terms: "Epidemiology AND Natural History," "risk of hemorrhage," "intracranial hemorrhage," "diagnosis," "angiogenesis," "molecular genetics," "VEGF," "KRAS," "radiosurgery," "endovascular," "microsurgery," or "surgical resection." Our understanding of bAVMs has significantly evolved in recent years. The latest investigations have helped in defining some molecular pathways involved in the pathology of bAVM. Although there is still more to learn and discover, describing these pathways will allow the creation of targeted treatments that could improve the prognosis of patients with bAVMs.