1
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Felion C, Lopez-Gonzalez R, Sewell AL, Marquez R, Gauchotte-Lindsay C. BODIPY-Labeled Estrogens for Fluorescence Analysis of Environmental Microbial Degradation. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:41284-41295. [PMID: 36406552 PMCID: PMC9670910 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Biodegradation of estrogen hormone micropollutants is a well-established approach toward their remediation. Fluorescently labeled substrates are used extensively for rapid, near-real-time analysis of biological processes and are a potential tool for studying biodegradation processes faster and more efficiently than conventional approaches. However, it is important to understand how the fluorescently tagged surrogates compare with the natural substrate in terms of chemical analysis and the intended application. We derivatized three natural estrogens with BODIPY fluorophores by azide-alkyne cycloaddition click reaction and developed an analytical workflow based on simple liquid-liquid extraction and HPLC-PDA analysis. The developed methods allow for concurrent analysis of both fluorescent and natural estrogens with comparable recovery, accuracy, and precision. We then evaluated the use of BODIPY-labeled estrogens as surrogate substrates for studying biodegradation using a model bacterium for estrogen metabolism. The developed analytical methods were successfully employed to compare the biological transformation of 17β-estradiol (E2), with and without the BODIPY fluorescent tag. Through measuring the complete degradation of E2 and the transformation of BODIPY-estradiol to BODIPY-estrone in the presence of a co-substrate, we found that BODIPY-labeled estrogens are biologically viable surrogates for investigating biodegradation in environmental bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Celeste Felion
- James
Watt School of Engineering, University of
Glasgow, GlasgowG12 6EW, U.K.
| | - Ricardo Lopez-Gonzalez
- School
of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, GlasgowG12 8QQ, U.K.
- School
of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University
of Canterbury, Christchurch8140, New Zealand
| | - Alan L. Sewell
- School
of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, GlasgowG12 8QQ, U.K.
| | - Rodolfo Marquez
- School
of Chemistry, University of Glasgow, GlasgowG12 8QQ, U.K.
- School
of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University
of Canterbury, Christchurch8140, New Zealand
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2
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Waly SM, Karlsson JKG, Waddell PG, Benniston AC, Harriman A. Light-Harvesting Crystals Formed from BODIPY-Proline Biohybrid Conjugates: Antenna Effects and Excitonic Coupling. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:1530-1541. [PMID: 35230124 PMCID: PMC9097531 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
![]()
A boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) derivative
bearing a cis-proline residue at the meso-position crystallizes
in the form of platelets with strong (i.e., ΦF =
0.34) red fluorescence, but the absorption and emission spectra differ
markedly from those for dilute solutions. A key building block for
the crystal is a pseudo-dimer where hydrogen bonding
aligns the proline groups and separates the terminal chromophores
by ca. 25 Å. Comparison with a covalently linked bichromophore
suggests that one-dimensional (1D) excitonic coupling between the
terminals is too small to perturb the optical properties. However,
accretion of the pseudo-dimer forms narrow channels
possessing a high density of chromophores. The resultant absorption
spectrum exhibits strong excitonic splitting, which can be explained
quantitatively using the extended dipole approach and allowing for
coupling between ca. 30 BODIPY units. Fluorescence, which decays with
a lifetime of 2.2 ns, is assigned to a delocalized and (slightly)
super-radiant BODIPY dimer situated at the interface and populated
via electronic energy transfer from the interior.
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3
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Single-molecule localization microscopy and tracking with red-shifted states of conventional BODIPY conjugates in living cells. Nat Commun 2019; 10:3400. [PMID: 31363088 PMCID: PMC6667493 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-11384-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) is a rapidly evolving technique to resolve subcellular structures and single-molecule dynamics at the nanoscale. Here, we employ conventional BODIPY conjugates for live-cell SMLM via their previously reported red-shifted ground-state dimers (DII), which transiently form through bi-molecular encounters and emit bright single-molecule fluorescence. We employ the versatility of DII-state SMLM to resolve the nanoscopic spatial regulation and dynamics of single fatty acid analogs (FAas) and lipid droplets (LDs) in living yeast and mammalian cells with two colors. In fed cells, FAas localize to the endoplasmic reticulum and LDs of ~125 nm diameter. Upon fasting, however, FAas form dense, non-LD clusters of ~100 nm diameter at the plasma membrane and transition from free diffusion to confined immobilization. Our reported SMLM capability of conventional BODIPY conjugates is further demonstrated by imaging lysosomes in mammalian cells and enables simple and versatile live-cell imaging of sub-cellular structures at the nanoscale. Single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) requires the use of fluorophores with specific sets of properties. Here the authors employ conventional BODIPY dyes as SMLM fluorophores by making use of rarely reported red-shifted ground state BODIPY dimers to image fatty acids, lipid droplets and lysosomes at single-molecule resolution.
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4
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Martinez Espinoza MI, Sori L, Pizzi A, Terraneo G, Moggio I, Arias E, Pozzi G, Orlandi S, Dichiarante V, Metrangolo P, Cavazzini M, Baldelli Bombelli F. BODIPY Dyes Bearing Multibranched Fluorinated Chains: Synthesis, Structural, and Spectroscopic Studies. Chemistry 2019; 25:9078-9087. [PMID: 31184410 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201901259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A small series of boron-dipyrromethene (BODIPY) dyes, characterized by the presence of multibranched fluorinated residues, were designed and synthesized. The dyes differ in both the position (para-perfluoroalkoxy-substituted phenyl ring or boron functionalization) and number of magnetically equivalent fluorine atoms (27 or 54 fluorine atoms per molecule). Photophysical and crystallographic characterization of the synthesized BODIPYs was carried out to evaluate the effect of the presence of highly fluorinated moieties on the optical and morphological properties of such compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria I Martinez Espinoza
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials, (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Sori
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials, (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Andrea Pizzi
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials, (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Giancarlo Terraneo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials, (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Ivana Moggio
- Departamento de Materiales Avanzados, Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, 25294, Saltillo, México
| | - Eduardo Arias
- Departamento de Materiales Avanzados, Centro de Investigación en Química Aplicada, 25294, Saltillo, México
| | - Gianluca Pozzi
- Institute of Molecular Science and Technologies (ISTM), National Research Council (CNR), 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Simonetta Orlandi
- Institute of Molecular Science and Technologies (ISTM), National Research Council (CNR), 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Valentina Dichiarante
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials, (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Pierangelo Metrangolo
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials, (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
| | - Marco Cavazzini
- Institute of Molecular Science and Technologies (ISTM), National Research Council (CNR), 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Francesca Baldelli Bombelli
- Laboratory of Supramolecular and Bio-Nanomaterials, (SupraBioNanoLab), Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering "Giulio Natta", Politecnico di Milano, 20131, Milan, Italy
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Blázquez-Moraleja A, Cerdán L, García-Moreno I, Avellanal-Zaballa E, Bañuelos J, Jimeno ML, López-Arbeloa I, Chiara JL. Stereochemical and Steric Control of Photophysical and Chiroptical Properties in Bichromophoric Systems. Chemistry 2018; 24:3802-3815. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Luis Cerdán
- Instituto Química-Física “Rocasolano”; IQFR-CSIC; Serrano 119 28006 Madrid Spain
| | | | - Edurne Avellanal-Zaballa
- Departamento de Química Física; Universidad del País Vasco-EHU, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnología; Apartado 644 48080 Bilbao Spain
| | - Jorge Bañuelos
- Departamento de Química Física; Universidad del País Vasco-EHU, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnología; Apartado 644 48080 Bilbao Spain
| | - M. Luisa Jimeno
- Centro Nacional de Química Orgánica “Manuel Lora Tamayo”; CENQUIOR-CSIC; Juan de la Cierva 3 28006 Madrid Spain
| | - Iñigo López-Arbeloa
- Departamento de Química Física; Universidad del País Vasco-EHU, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnología; Apartado 644 48080 Bilbao Spain
| | - Jose Luis Chiara
- Instituto de Química Orgánica General; IQOG-CSIC; Juan de la Cierva 3 28006 Madrid Spain
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6
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Wang DG, Zhang LN, Li Q, Yang Y, Wu Y, Fan X, Song M, Kuang GC. Dimeric BODIPYs with different linkages: A systematic investigation on structure-properties relationship. Tetrahedron 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2017.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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7
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Tang S, Donaphon B, Levitus M, Raymo FM. Structural Implications on the Properties of Self-Assembling Supramolecular Hosts for Fluorescent Guests. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:8676-8687. [PMID: 27490893 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Nine amphiphilic macromolecules with decyl and oligo(ethylene glycol) side chains, randomly distributed along a common poly(methacrylate) backbone, were synthesized from the radical copolymerization of appropriate methacrylate monomers. The resulting amphiphilic constructs differ in (1) the ratio between their hydrophobic and hydrophilic components, (2) the length of their oligo(ethylene glycol) chains, and/or (3) the molecular weight. When the ratio between hydrophobic and hydrophilic segments is comprised between 6:1 and 1:2, the macromolecules assemble spontaneously into particles with nanoscaled dimensions in neutral buffer and capture hydrophobic borondipyrromethene chromophores in their interior. However, the critical concentration required for the assembly of these supramolecular hosts as well as their hydrodynamic diameter, supramolecular weight, and number of constituent macromolecular building blocks all vary monotonically with the ratio between hydrophobic and hydrophilic components. Specifically, the critical concentration decreases and the other three parameters increase as the relative hydrophobic content raises. Furthermore, an increase in the relative hydrophobic content also discourages interchromophoric interactions between entrapped guests in both ground and excited states as well as delays access of potential quenchers. In fact, these observations demonstrate that the hydrophobic components must be in excess over their hydrophilic counterparts for optimal supramolecular hosts to assemble. Indeed, a ratio of 6:1 between the numbers of decyl and oligo(ethylene glycol) side chains appears to be ideal for this particular structural design. Under these conditions, supramolecular hosts assemble spontaneously even at relatively low polymer concentrations and their fluorescent guests do not escape into the bulk aqueous solution, despite the reversibility of the noncovalent interactions holding the supramolecular container together. Thus, these systematic investigations provide invaluable structural guidelines to design self-assembling supramolecular hosts with optimal composition for the effective encapsulation of fluorescent guests and can lead to ideal delivery vehicles for the transport of imaging probes to target locations in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sicheng Tang
- Laboratory for Molecular Photonics, Department of Chemistry, University of Miami , 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146-0431, United States
| | - Bryan Donaphon
- School of Molecular Sciences and The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287-5601, United States
| | - Marcia Levitus
- School of Molecular Sciences and The Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University , Tempe, Arizona 85287-5601, United States
| | - Françisco M Raymo
- Laboratory for Molecular Photonics, Department of Chemistry, University of Miami , 1301 Memorial Drive, Coral Gables, Florida 33146-0431, United States
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8
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Doulain PE, Goze C, Bodio E, Richard P, Decréau RA. BODIPY atropisomer interconversion, face discrimination, and superstructure appending. Chem Commun (Camb) 2016; 52:4474-7. [DOI: 10.1039/c5cc10526a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Atropisomerism and atropisomer interconversion in the BODIPY series are presented. It was used to synthesize a picket-fence-like BODIPY and to examine the BODIPY face discrimination. Pickets are aimed at preventing π-stacking of the BODIPY platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pierre-Emmanuel Doulain
- ICMUB Institute – Department of Chemistry
- University of Burgundy – Franche Comté
- 21078 Dijon
- France
| | - Christine Goze
- ICMUB Institute – Department of Chemistry
- University of Burgundy – Franche Comté
- 21078 Dijon
- France
| | - Ewen Bodio
- ICMUB Institute – Department of Chemistry
- University of Burgundy – Franche Comté
- 21078 Dijon
- France
| | - Philippe Richard
- ICMUB Institute – Department of Chemistry
- University of Burgundy – Franche Comté
- 21078 Dijon
- France
| | - Richard A. Decréau
- ICMUB Institute – Department of Chemistry
- University of Burgundy – Franche Comté
- 21078 Dijon
- France
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9
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Kursunlu AN. Synthesis and photophysical properties of modifiable single, dual, and triple-boron dipyrromethene (Bodipy) complexes. Tetrahedron Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2015.02.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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10
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Orofino-Pena C, Cortizo-Lacalle D, Cameron J, Sajjad MT, Manousiadis PP, Findlay NJ, Kanibolotsky AL, Amarasinghe D, Skabara PJ, Tuttle T, Turnbull GA, Samuel IDW. Synthesis and properties of novel star-shaped oligofluorene conjugated systems with BODIPY cores. Beilstein J Org Chem 2015; 10:2704-14. [PMID: 25550734 PMCID: PMC4273294 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.10.285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Accepted: 11/10/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Star-shaped conjugated systems with varying oligofluorene arm length and substitution patterns of the central BODIPY core have been synthesised, leading to two families of compounds, T-B1–T-B4 and Y-B1–Y-B4, with T- and Y-shaped motifs, respectively. Thermal stability, cyclic voltammetry, absorption and photoluminescence spectroscopy of each member of these two families were studied in order to determine their suitability as emissive materials in photonic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara Orofino-Pena
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Diego Cortizo-Lacalle
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Joseph Cameron
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Muhammad T Sajjad
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics & Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Pavlos P Manousiadis
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics & Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Neil J Findlay
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Alexander L Kanibolotsky
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK ; Institute of Physical-Organic Chemistry and Coal Chemistry, 83114 Donetsk, Ukraine
| | - Dimali Amarasinghe
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics & Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Peter J Skabara
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Tell Tuttle
- WestCHEM, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G1 1XL, UK
| | - Graham A Turnbull
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics & Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
| | - Ifor D W Samuel
- Organic Semiconductor Centre, SUPA, School of Physics & Astronomy, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, KY16 9SS, UK
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11
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Jarman BP, Cucinotta F. Photoactive amphiphiles for the assembly of supramolecular architectures. Faraday Discuss 2015; 185:471-9. [PMID: 26395897 DOI: 10.1039/c5fd00081e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The presented study reports the use of photoactive templating structures for the design of porous frameworks with built-in optical functionalities. The materials have been synthesised and characterised using powder X-ray diffractometry, UV-visible absorption and emission spectroscopy. The latter shows that, by varying the relative amount of an amphiphilic chromophore in the micellar templates, it is possible to tune the light absorption and emission properties over the visible spectrum, by means of controlling the molecular organisation and the excitonic coupling of aggregated species. This enables versatile solid materials that can be used as optical components for light-harvesting and converting systems to be obtained .
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Affiliation(s)
- B. P. Jarman
- School of Chemistry
- Newcastle University
- Newcastle upon Tyne
- UK
| | - F. Cucinotta
- School of Chemistry
- Newcastle University
- Newcastle upon Tyne
- UK
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12
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Choi S, Bouffard J, Kim Y. Aggregation-induced emission enhancement of a meso-trifluoromethyl BODIPY via J-aggregation. Chem Sci 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c3sc52495g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 295] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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13
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Salvemini IL, Gau D, Reid J, Bagatolli L, Macmillan A, Moens P. Low PIP2 molar fractions induce nanometer size clustering in giant unilamellar vesicles. Chem Phys Lipids 2014; 177:51-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2013] [Revised: 09/29/2013] [Accepted: 11/11/2013] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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14
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Lu JS, Ko SB, Walters NR, Wang S. Decorating BODIPY with Three- and Four-Coordinate Boron Groups. Org Lett 2012; 14:5660-3. [DOI: 10.1021/ol302633s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jia-sheng Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Soo-Byung Ko
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Nicholas R. Walters
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
| | - Suning Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Queen’s University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada
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15
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Olivier JH, Widmaier J, Ziessel R. Near-Infrared Fluorescent Nanoparticles Formed by Self-Assembly of Lipidic (Bodipy) Dyes. Chemistry 2011; 17:11709-14. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201101407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2011] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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16
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Romano FB, Rossi KC, Sava CG, Holzenburg A, Clerico EM, Heuck AP. Efficient isolation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa type III secretion translocators and assembly of heteromeric transmembrane pores in model membranes. Biochemistry 2011; 50:7117-31. [PMID: 21770428 PMCID: PMC3171962 DOI: 10.1021/bi200905x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Translocation of bacterial toxins or effectors into host cells using the type III secretion (T3S) system is a conserved mechanism shared by many Gram-negative pathogens. Pseudomonas aeruginosa injects different proteins across the plasma membrane of target cells, altering the normal metabolism of the host. Protein translocation presumably occurs through a proteinaceous transmembrane pore formed by two T3S secreted protein translocators, PopB and PopD. Unfolded translocators are secreted through the T3S needle prior to insertion into the target membrane. Purified PopB and PopD form pores in model membranes. However, their tendency to form heterogeneous aggregates in solution had hampered the analysis of how these proteins undergo the transition from a denatured state to a membrane-inserted state. Translocators were purified as stable complexes with the cognate chaperone PcrH and isolated from the chaperone using 6 M urea. We report here the assembly of stable transmembrane pores by dilution of urea-denatured translocators in the presence of membranes. PopB and PopD spontaneously bound liposomes containing anionic phospholipids and cholesterol in a pH-dependent manner as observed by two independent assays, time-resolved Förster resonance energy transfer and sucrose-step gradient ultracentrifugation. Using Bodipy-labeled proteins, we found that PopB interacts with PopD on the membrane surface as determined by excitation energy migration and fluorescence quenching. Stable transmembrane pores are more efficiently assembled at pH <5.0, suggesting that acidic residues might be involved in the initial membrane binding and/or insertion. Altogether, the experimental setup described here represents an efficient method for the reconstitution and analysis of membrane-inserted translocators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian B. Romano
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Kyle C. Rossi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Christos G. Sava
- Microscopy and Imaging Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Andreas Holzenburg
- Microscopy and Imaging Center, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Department of Biology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA
| | - Eugenia M. Clerico
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
| | - Alejandro P. Heuck
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
- Program in Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA
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17
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Ziessel R, Harriman A. Artificial light-harvesting antennae: electronic energy transfer by way of molecular funnels. Chem Commun (Camb) 2011; 47:611-31. [DOI: 10.1039/c0cc02687e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 342] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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18
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19
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Linck L, Resch-Genger U. Identification of efficient fluorophores for the direct labeling of DNA via rolling circle amplification (RCA) polymerase φ29. Eur J Med Chem 2010; 45:5561-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2010.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2010] [Revised: 09/02/2010] [Accepted: 09/02/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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20
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Hablot D, Retailleau P, Ziessel R. Substituted Diketopyrrolopyrroles as Input Energy Units in Soluble Donor-Acceptor Dyads. Chemistry 2010; 16:13346-51. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201001953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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21
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Synthesis and Characterization of a Multi Ring-Fused 2-Pyridone-Based Fluorescent Scaffold. European J Org Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.201000796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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22
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23
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Sachl R, Boldyrev I, Johansson LBA. Localisation of BODIPY-labelled phosphatidylcholines in lipid bilayers. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2010; 12:6027-34. [PMID: 20390209 DOI: 10.1039/b926953c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of sn-2 acyl-labelled phosphatidyl-cholines (PC), bearing 4,4-difluoro-1-3-5-7-tetra-methyl-4-bora-3a,4a-diaza-s-indacene-8-yl (Me(4)-BODIPY) at the end of the C(n)-acyl chains were solubilised in unilamellar vesicles and studied with respect to the order and location of the Me(4)-BODIPY (denoted: B) group. The obtained results are based on time-resolved electronic energy transfer from donors (2-(9-anthroyloxy)-stearic acid) localised in the lipid-water interface to acceptors BnPC (n = 3, 5, 7, 9, 11, 13, 15), as well as the energy migration among the Me(4)-BODIPY groups of BnPC:s. The donor-acceptor and the donor-donor experiments strongly suggest that the Me(4)-BODIPY group in BnPC tends to loop back close to the lipid-water interface. The Me(4)-BODIPY groups, residing in the two bilayer leaflets, are located at approximately the same depth, and transversally separated by ca. 27 A for all n-values. Close to the interface, the optimal transversal distribution widens somewhat with increasing length of the sn-2 acyl chain. The obtained order parameter profile of the BnPC:s is also compatible with such a location.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radek Sachl
- Department of Chemistry, Biophysical Chemistry, Umeå University, S-901 87 Umeå, Sweden
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Gretskaya NM, Mikhalyov II. Some patterns in dimer II formation in BODIPY-FL-labeled lipids. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2009. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162009060132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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25
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Harriman A, Mallon LJ, Elliot KJ, Haefele A, Ulrich G, Ziessel R. Length Dependence for Intramolecular Energy Transfer in Three- and Four-Color Donor−Spacer−Acceptor Arrays. J Am Chem Soc 2009; 131:13375-86. [DOI: 10.1021/ja9038856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 130] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anthony Harriman
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom, and Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Spectroscopies Avancées (LCOSA), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Laura J. Mallon
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom, and Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Spectroscopies Avancées (LCOSA), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Kristopher J. Elliot
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom, and Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Spectroscopies Avancées (LCOSA), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Alexandre Haefele
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom, and Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Spectroscopies Avancées (LCOSA), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Gilles Ulrich
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom, and Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Spectroscopies Avancées (LCOSA), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
| | - Raymond Ziessel
- Molecular Photonics Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Bedson Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, United Kingdom, and Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Spectroscopies Avancées (LCOSA), Ecole Européenne de Chimie, Polymères et Matériaux, Université de Strasbourg, 25 rue Becquerel, 67087 Strasbourg Cedex 02, France
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26
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Bröring M, Krüger R, Kleeberg C. BF2-Chelate Complexes of 6-(4-Iodophenyl)-2,3,4,8,9,10-hexamethyldipyrrin and 2-(4-Iodobenzoyl)-3,4,5-trimethylpyrrole: Fluorescent Dyes with a Chemical Anchor Group. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.200800112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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27
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Bröring M, Krüger R, Link S, Kleeberg C, Köhler S, Xie X, Ventura B, Flamigni L. Bis(BF2)-2,2′-Bidipyrrins (BisBODIPYs): Highly Fluorescent BODIPY Dimers with Large Stokes Shifts. Chemistry 2008; 14:2976-83. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.200701912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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28
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Li L, Han J, Nguyen B, Burgess K. Syntheses and Spectral Properties of Functionalized, Water-Soluble BODIPY Derivatives. J Org Chem 2008; 73:1963-70. [DOI: 10.1021/jo702463f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 193] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lingling Li
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A & M University, Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77841
| | - Junyan Han
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A & M University, Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77841
| | - Binh Nguyen
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A & M University, Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77841
| | - Kevin Burgess
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A & M University, Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77841
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29
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Loudet A, Burgess K. BODIPY dyes and their derivatives: syntheses and spectroscopic properties. Chem Rev 2007; 107:4891-932. [PMID: 17924696 DOI: 10.1021/cr078381n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3525] [Impact Index Per Article: 207.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aurore Loudet
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A & M University, PO Box 30012, College Station, Texas 77842, USA
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Marushchak D, Gretskaya N, Mikhalyov I, Johansson LBA. Self-aggregation--an intrinsic property of G(M1) in lipid bilayers. Mol Membr Biol 2007; 24:102-12. [PMID: 17453417 DOI: 10.1080/09687860600995235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
We demonstrate that the ganglioside G(M1) in lipid bilayers of 1,2-dioleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine (DOPC) exhibits a non-uniform lateral distribution, i.e., enriched regions of GM(1) molecules are formed, which is an argument in favour of self-aggregation of G(M1) being an intrinsic property of G(M1) ganglioside. This was concluded from energy transfer/migration studies of BODIPY-labelled gangliosides by means of time-resolved fluorescence lifetime and depolarization experiments. Three fluorophore-labelled gangliosides were synthesized to include either of two spectroscopically different BODIPY groups. These were specifically localized either in the polar headgroup region or in the non-polar region of the lipid bilayer. An eventual ganglioside-ganglioside affinity/aggregation induced by the BODIPY groups was experimentally excluded, which suggests their use in examining the influence of G(M1) in more complex systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denys Marushchak
- Department of Chemistry, Biophysical Chemistry, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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