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Rodríguez-Arce E, Gavrilov E, Alvite X, Nayeem N, León IE, Neary MC, Otero L, Gambino D, Olea Azar C, Contel M. 5-Nitrofuryl-Containing Thiosemicarbazone Gold(I) Compounds: Synthesis, Stability Studies, and Anticancer Activity. Chempluschem 2023; 88:e202300115. [PMID: 37191319 PMCID: PMC10651801 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202300115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
This work describes the synthesis of four gold(I) [AuClL] compounds containing chloro and biologically active protonated thiosemicarbazones based on 5-nitrofuryl (L=HSTC). The stability of the compounds in dichloromethane, DMSO, and DMSO/culture media solutions was investigated by spectroscopy, cyclic voltammetry, and conductimetry, indicating the formation overtime of cationic monometallic [Au(HTSC)(DMSO)]± or [Au(HTSC)2 ]± , and/or dimeric species. Neutral [{Au(TSC)}2 ] species were obtained from one of the compounds in dichlomethane/n-hexane solution and characterized by X-ray crystallography revealing a Au-Au bond, and deprotonated thiosemicarbazone (TSC). The cytotoxicity of the gold compounds and thiosemicarbazone ligands was evaluated against selected cancer cell lines and compared to that of Auranofin. Studies of the most stable, cytotoxic, and selective compound on a renal cancer cell line (Caki-1) demonstrated its relevant antimigratory and anti-angiogenic properties, and preferential accumulation in the cell nuclei. Its mode of action seems to involve interaction with DNA, and subsequent cell death via apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Rodríguez-Arce
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Analítica, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Chemistry and Brooklyn College Cancer Center, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, 11210, USA
- Área Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2124, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Eric Gavrilov
- Department of Chemistry and Brooklyn College Cancer Center, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, 11210, USA
| | - Ximena Alvite
- Área Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2124, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Nazia Nayeem
- Department of Chemistry and Brooklyn College Cancer Center, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, 11210, USA
- Biology, Biochemistry, and Chemistry PhD Programs, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA
| | - Ignacio E León
- Department of Chemistry and Brooklyn College Cancer Center, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, 11210, USA
- CEQUINOR (CCT-CONICET La Plata, Asociado a CIC), Departamento de Química, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Blvd. 120 N° 1465, La Plata, 1900, Argentina
| | - Michelle C Neary
- Chemistry Department, Hunter College, The City University of New York, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Lucía Otero
- Área Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2124, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Dinorah Gambino
- Área Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2124, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Claudio Olea Azar
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Analítica, Universidad de Chile, Casilla 233, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Contel
- Department of Chemistry and Brooklyn College Cancer Center, Brooklyn College, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, NY, 11210, USA
- Biology, Biochemistry, and Chemistry PhD Programs, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, New York, NY, 10016, USA
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Ou Q, Tang B, Jiang L, Han M, Yang W, Tang J, Liu G. Quantitative determination of carbosulfan residues by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 290:122315. [PMID: 36621079 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Carbosulfan gets easily decomposed into carbofuran and 3-Hydroxy carbofuran in vegetables and forms harmful residues. To detect the residues of carbosulfan in vegetables (for example, cowpeas), a super-sensitive method of surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) was used in this work. Silver sol was prepared as the SERS substrate. To solve the adsorption problem of carbosulfan on Ag nanoparticles, 2, 6-dichloroquinone-4-chlorimide (chromogenic agent), and sodium hydroxide were added in carbosulfan to generate a complex, which was then mixed with the silver sol in the best proportion to examine SERS spectra. According to density functional theory calculations, the spectral peak positions of carbosulfan were determined. The optimal mixing ratio of the complex and the silver sol to obtain the optimal SERS spectrum and the detection limit of carbosulfan were investigated. The ultra-sensitive detection of carbosulfan residues (8.7 × 10-11 g/L) in cowpeas was realized. The results of this work indicate that SERS is a promising technique for detecting single-molecule pesticide residues in vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Quanhong Ou
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Information Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Biao Tang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Information Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Liqin Jiang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Information Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Mingcheng Han
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Information Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Weiye Yang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Information Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Junqi Tang
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Information Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Gang Liu
- Yunnan Key Laboratory of Opto-electronic Information Technology, School of Physics and Electronic Information, Yunnan Normal University, Kunming 650500, China.
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Synthesis, characterization and anticancer activity of new 2-acetyl-5-methyl thiophene and cinnamaldehyde thiosemicarbazones and their palladium(II) complexes. Inorganica Chim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ica.2020.120036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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El‐Gammal OA, Gaber M, Mandour SA. Novel VO (IV) complexes derived from a macrochelates: Synthesis, characterization, molecular modeling and in vivoinsulin‐mimic activity studies. Appl Organomet Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/aoc.5699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ola A. El‐Gammal
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry DepartmentMansoura University P.O.Box 70 Mansoura Egypt
| | - M. Gaber
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry DepartmentTanta University P.O. Box 70 Tanta Egypt
| | - Sh. A. Mandour
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry DepartmentMansoura University P.O.Box 70 Mansoura Egypt
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El Bourakadi K, Mekhzoum MEM, Boeré RT, Qaiss AEK, Bouhfid R. Synthesis, characterization and DFT studies of 6-bis(2-(thiazol-4-yl)-benzimidazol-1-yl)hexane hemihydrate crystal: Experimental and theoretical investigation. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Rodríguez Arce E, Putzu E, Lapier M, Maya JD, Olea Azar C, Echeverría GA, Piro OE, Medeiros A, Sardi F, Comini M, Risi G, Salinas G, Correia I, Pessoa JC, Otero L, Gambino D. New heterobimetallic ferrocenyl derivatives are promising antitrypanosomal agents. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:7644-7658. [PMID: 31049548 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01317b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
In the search for a more effective chemotherapy for the treatment of Chagas' disease and human African trypanosomiasis, caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and Trypanosoma brucei parasites, respectively, the use of organometallic compounds may be a promising strategy. In this work, eight new heterobimetallic compounds are described including four 5-nitrofuryl containing thiosemicarbazones as bioactive ligands (HL1-HL4) and dppf = 1,1'-bis(diphenylphosphino) ferrocene as an organometallic co-ligand. Complexes of the formula [MII(L)(dppf)](PF6) with M = Pd or Pt were synthesized and fully characterized in the solid state and in solution, including the determination of the molecular structure of four of them by single crystal X-ray diffraction methods. Most compounds showed activity in the low micromolar or submicromolar range against both parasites, with the platinum compounds being more active than the palladium analogues. Activity was significantly increased by generation of the M-dppf compounds (3-24 fold increase with respect to free ligands HL for T. cruzi and up to 99 fold increase with respect to HL for T. brucei). The inclusion of the organometallic co-ligand also led to lower toxicity in mammalian cells and higher selectivity towards both parasites when compared to the free HL compounds. The complexes interact with DNA and affect the redox metabolism of the parasites. Furthermore, the most active and selective compound of the new series showed no in vivo toxicity in zebrafish embryos.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban Rodríguez Arce
- Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2124, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay.
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Haribabu J, Sabapathi G, Tamizh MM, Balachandran C, Bhuvanesh NSP, Venuvanalingam P, Karvembu R. Water-Soluble Mono- and Binuclear Ru(η6-p-cymene) Complexes Containing Indole Thiosemicarbazones: Synthesis, DFT Modeling, Biomolecular Interactions, and In Vitro Anticancer Activity through Apoptosis. Organometallics 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.8b00004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jebiti Haribabu
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620 015, India
| | - Gopal Sabapathi
- Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, India
| | - Manoharan Muthu Tamizh
- Department of Chemistry, Siddha Central Research Institute, Central Council for Research in Siddha, Arumbakkam, Chennai 600 106, India
| | - Chandrasekar Balachandran
- Division of Natural Drug Discovery, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | | | - Ponnambalam Venuvanalingam
- Theoretical and Computational Chemistry Laboratory, School of Chemistry, Bharathidasan University, Tiruchirappalli 620 024, India
| | - Ramasamy Karvembu
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli 620 015, India
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Rhenium(I) tricarbonyl compounds of bioactive thiosemicarbazones: Synthesis, characterization and activity against Trypanosoma cruzi. J Inorg Biochem 2017; 170:125-133. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2017.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2016] [Revised: 12/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Singh RK, Singh AK, Siddiqui S, Arshad M, Jafri A. Synthesis, molecular structure, spectral analysis and cytotoxic activity of two new aroylhydrazones. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.01.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Synthesis, molecular structure, spectral analysis, natural bond order and intramolecular interactions of 2-acetylpyridine thiosemicarbazone: A combined DFT and AIM approach. J Mol Struct 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.03.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Fernández M, Arce ER, Sarniguet C, Morais TS, Tomaz AI, Azar CO, Figueroa R, Diego Maya J, Medeiros A, Comini M, Helena Garcia M, Otero L, Gambino D. Novel ruthenium(II) cyclopentadienyl thiosemicarbazone compounds with antiproliferative activity on pathogenic trypanosomatid parasites. J Inorg Biochem 2015; 153:306-314. [PMID: 26275470 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2015.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 06/22/2015] [Accepted: 06/24/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Searching for new prospective antitrypanosomal agents, three novel Ru(II)-cyclopentadienyl compounds, [Ru(η(5)-C5H5)(PPh3)L], with HL=bioactive 5-nitrofuryl containing thiosemicarbazones were synthesized and characterized in the solid state and in solution. The compounds were evaluated in vitro on the blood circulating trypomastigote form of Trypanosoma cruzi (Dm28c strain), the infective form of Trypanosoma brucei brucei (strain 427) and on J774 murine macrophages and human-derived EA.hy926 endothelial cells. The compounds were active against both parasites with IC50 values in the micromolar or submicromolar range. Interestingly, they are much more active on T. cruzi than previously developed Ru(II) classical and organometallic compounds with the same bioactive ligands. The new compounds showed moderate to very good selectivity towards the parasites in respect to mammalian cells. The global results point at [RuCp(PPh3)L2] (L2=N-methyl derivative of 5-nitrofuryl containing thiosemicarbazone and Cp=cyclopentadienyl) as the most promising compound for further developments (IC50T. cruzi=0.41μM; IC50T. brucei brucei=3.5μM). Moreover, this compound shows excellent selectivity towards T. cruzi (SI>49) and good selectivity towards T. brucei brucei (SI>6). In order to get insight into the mechanism of antiparasitic action, the intracellular free radical production capacity of the new compounds was assessed by ESR. DMPO (5,5-dimethyl-1-pirroline-N-oxide) spin adducts related to the bioreduction of the complexes and to redox cycling processes were characterized. In addition, DNA competitive binding studies with ethidium bromide by fluorescence measurements showed that the compounds interact with this biomolecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Fernández
- Cátedra de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Esteban Rodríguez Arce
- Cátedra de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Cynthia Sarniguet
- Cátedra de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Tânia S Morais
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Ana Isabel Tomaz
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Claudio Olea Azar
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Roberto Figueroa
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - J Diego Maya
- Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, ICBM, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea Medeiros
- Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Montevideo, Uruguay; Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Marcelo Comini
- Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - M Helena Garcia
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Lucía Otero
- Cátedra de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
| | - Dinorah Gambino
- Cátedra de Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay.
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Rawat P, Singh R. Experimental and theoretical study of 4-formyl pyrrole derived aroylhydrazones. J Mol Struct 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2014.12.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Experimental and DFT study on a newly synthesized ethyl 2-cyano-3-[5-(phenyl-hydrazonomethyl)-1H-pyrrol-2-yl]-acrylate. J Mol Struct 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2014.10.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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15
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Cipriani M, Toloza J, Bradford L, Putzu E, Vieites M, Curbelo E, Tomaz AI, Garat B, Guerrero J, Gancheff JS, Maya JD, Olea Azar C, Gambino D, Otero L. Effect of the Metal Ion on the antiT. cruziActivity and Mechanism of Action of 5-Nitrofuryl-Containing Thiosemicarbazone Metal Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201402614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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16
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Sarniguet C, Toloza J, Cipriani M, Lapier M, Vieites M, Toledano-Magaña Y, García-Ramos JC, Ruiz-Azuara L, Moreno V, Maya JD, Azar CO, Gambino D, Otero L. Water-soluble ruthenium complexes bearing activity against protozoan parasites. Biol Trace Elem Res 2014; 159:379-92. [PMID: 24740394 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-014-9964-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2014] [Accepted: 03/31/2014] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Parasitic illnesses are major causes of human disease and misery worldwide. Among them, both amebiasis and Chagas disease, caused by the protozoan parasites, Entamoeba histolytica and Trypanosoma cruzi, are responsible for thousands of annual deaths. The lack of safe and effective chemotherapy and/or the appearance of current drug resistance make the development of novel pharmacological tools for their treatment relevant. In this sense, within the framework of the medicinal inorganic chemistry, metal-based drugs appear to be a good alternative to find a pharmacological answer to parasitic diseases. In this work, novel ruthenium complexes [RuCl2(HL)(HPTA)2]Cl2 with HL=bioactive 5-nitrofuryl containing thiosemicarbazones and PTA=1,3,5-triaza-7-phosphaadamantane have been synthesized and fully characterized. PTA was included as co-ligand in order to modulate complexes aqueous solubility. In fact, obtained complexes were water soluble. Their activity against T. cruzi and E. histolytica was evaluated in vitro. [RuCl2(HL4)(HPTA)2]Cl2 complex, with HL4=N-phenyl-5-nitrofuryl-thiosemicarbazone, was the most active compound against both parasites. In particular, it showed an excellent activity against E. histolytica (half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50)=5.2 μM), even higher than that of the reference drug metronidazole. In addition, this complex turns out to be selective for E. histolytica (selectivity index (SI)>38). The potential mechanism of antiparasitic action of the obtained ruthenium complexes could involve oxidative stress for both parasites. Additionally, complexes could interact with DNA as second potential target by an intercalative-like mode. Obtained results could be considered a contribution in the search for metal compounds that could be active against multiple parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Sarniguet
- Cátedra de Química Inorgánica, DEC, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República, Gral. Flores 2124, C. C. 1157, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
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Tamayo LV, Burgos AE, Brandão PFB. Synthesis, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Activity oF The Ligand 3-Methylpyrazole- 4-Carboxaldehyde Thiosemicarbazone and Its Pd(II) Complex. PHOSPHORUS SULFUR 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10426507.2013.777726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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18
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Joshi BD, Srivastava A, Gupta V, Tandon P, Jain S. Spectroscopic and quantum chemical study of an alkaloid aristolochic acid I. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 116:258-269. [PMID: 23954541 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.07.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2013] [Revised: 07/10/2013] [Accepted: 07/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Aristolochic acids (AAs) (Aristolochiaceae) are used in the traditional Chinese herb medicine. We have presented the geometry optimization, electrostatic potential surface, frontier orbital energy gap and vibrational wavenumbers of aristolochic acid I (AA I) using ab initio Hartree-Fock (HF) and density functional theory (DFT/B3LYP) method employing 6-311G(d,p) basis set. A complete vibrational assignment has been done on the basis of calculations on monomer and dimer of AA I. The UV-vis absorption spectrum has been recorded in ethanol solvent and compared with the calculated one in the gas phase as well as in solvent environment (integral-equation formalism polarizable continuum model; IEF-PCM) using TD-DFT/6-31G basis set. A short outline of the NBO analysis segment with their structural meaning has been presented. The variation of thermodynamic properties with temperature was calculated theoretically and the thermal response of the compound has been recorded with the help of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) in N2 environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bhawani Datt Joshi
- Department of Physics, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226007, India; Department of Physics, Siddhanath Sc. Campus, Tribhuvan University, Nepal
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Singh R, Kumar A, Rawat P, Srivastsva A. Synthesis, spectroscopic and structural evaluation of ethyl 2-cyano-3-{5-[(4-nitro-benzoyl)-hydrazonomethyl]-1H-pyrrol-2-yl}-acrylate using experimental and theoretical approaches. J Mol Struct 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2013.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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20
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Singh RN, Kumar A, Tiwari RK, Rawat P. A combined experimental and theoretical (DFT and AIM) studies on synthesis, molecular structure, spectroscopic properties and multiple interactions analysis in a novel ethyl-4-[2-(thiocarbamoyl)hydrazinylidene]-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate and its dimer. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2013; 112:182-190. [PMID: 23666353 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2013.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2012] [Revised: 03/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/01/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, ethyl-4-[2-(thiocarbamoyl)hydrazinylidene]-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate (3) has been synthesized and characterized by (1)H NMR, UV-Vis, FT-IR and Mass spectroscopy. The formation of the compound and its properties have also been evaluated by quantum chemical calculations using DFT, B3LYP functional and 6-31G(d,p) as basis set. The calculated thermodynamic parameters show that the formation of 3 is an exothermic and spontaneous reaction at room temperature. (1)H NMR chemical shifts are calculated using gauge including atomic orbitals (GIAO) approach in DMSO-d6 as solvent. Time dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) is used to calculate the energy (E), oscillator strength (f) and wavelength absorption maxima (λ(max)) of various electronic transitions and their nature within the molecule. NBO analysis is carried out to investigate the charge transfer or charge delocalization in various intra- and intermolecular interactions of molecular system. The vibrational analysis indicates the formation of dimer in the solid state by intermolecular heteronuclear hydrogen bonding (NH···O). Topological parameters at bond critical points (BCP) are calculated to analyze the strength and nature of various types of intra and intermolecular interactions in dimer by Bader's 'Atoms in molecules' AIM theory in detail. The binding energy of intermolecular multiple interactions is calculated to be 15.54 kcal/mol, using AIM calculation. The local reactivity descriptors such as Fukui functions (f(k)(+),f(k)(-)), local softnesses (s(k)(+),s(k)(-)) and electrophilicity indices (ω(k)(+),ω(k)(-)) analyses are performed to determine the reactive sites within molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- R N Singh
- Department of Chemistry, University of Lucknow, Lucknow 226 007, UP, India.
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Demoro B, Rossi M, Caruso F, Liebowitz D, Olea-Azar C, Kemmerling U, Maya JD, Guiset H, Moreno V, Pizzo C, Mahler G, Otero L, Gambino D. Potential mechanism of the anti-trypanosomal activity of organoruthenium complexes with bioactive thiosemicarbazones. Biol Trace Elem Res 2013; 153:371-81. [PMID: 23564472 DOI: 10.1007/s12011-013-9653-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/25/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In the search for new metal-based drugs against diseases produced by trypanosomatid parasites, four organoruthenium(II) compounds [Ru2(p-cymene)2(L)2]X2, where L are bioactive 5-nitrofuryl-containing thiosemicarbazones and X = Cl or PF6, had been previously obtained. These compounds had shown activity on Trypanosoma brucei, the etiological agent of African trypanosomiasis. Because of genomic similarities between trypanosomatides, these ruthenium compounds were evaluated, in the current work, on Trypanosoma cruzi, the parasite responsible of American trypanosomiasis (Chagas disease). Two of them showed significant in vitro growth inhibition activity against the infective trypomastigote form of T. cruzi (Dm28c clone, IC50 = 11.69 and 59.42 μM for [Ru2(p-cymene)2(L4)2]Cl2 and [Ru2(p-cymene)2(L1)2]Cl2, respectively, where HL4 = 5-nitrofuryl-N-phenylthiosemicarbazone and HL1 = 5-nitrofurylthiosemicarbazone), showing fairly good selectivities toward trypanosomes with respect to mammalian cells (J774 murine macrophages). Moreover, [Ru2(p-cymene)2(L2)2]Cl2, where HL2 = 5-nitrofuryl-N-methylthiosemicarbazone, was synthesized in order to evaluate the effect of improved solubility on biological behavior. This new chloride salt showed higher activity against T. cruzi than that of the previously synthesized hexafluorophosphate one (Dm28c clone, IC50 = 14.30 μM for the former and 231.3 μM for the latter). In addition, the mode of antitrypanosomal action of the organoruthenium compounds was investigated. The complexes were not only able to generate toxic free radicals through bioreduction but they also interacted with two further potential parasite targets: DNA and cruzipain, a cysteine protease which plays a fundamental role in the biological cycle of these parasites. The results suggest a "multi-target" mechanism of trypanosomicidal action for the obtained complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Demoro
- Cátedra de Química Inorgánica, Departamento Estrella Campos, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la República (UdelaR), Gral. Flores 2124, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
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22
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Singh R, Kumar A, Tiwari R, Rawat P. Synthesis, molecular structure, multiple interactions and chemical reactivity analysis of a novel ethyl 2-cyano-3-[5-(hydrazinooxalyl–hydrazonomethyl)-1H-pyrrol-2-yl]-acrylate and its dimer: A combined experimental and theoretical (DFT and QTAIM) approach. J Mol Struct 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2013.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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23
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Yousef T, Abu El-Reash G, El-Gammal O, Bedier R. Synthesis, characterization, optical band gap, in vitro antimicrobial activity and DNA cleavage studies of some metal complexes of pyridyl thiosemicarbazone. J Mol Struct 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2012.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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24
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A combined experimental and quantum chemical studies on molecular structure, spectral properties, intra and intermolecular interactions and first hyperpolarizability of 4-(benzyloxy)benzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone and its dimer. J Mol Struct 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2012.09.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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25
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Dutta J, Bhattacharya S. Controlled interaction of benzaldehyde thiosemicarbazones with palladium: formation of bis-complexes with cis-geometry and organopalladium complexes, and their catalytic application in C–C and C–N coupling. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra40829a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
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26
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Yousef T, Abu El-Reash G, El-Gammal O, Bedier R. Co(II), Cu(II), Cd(II), Fe(III) and U(VI) complexes containing a NSNO donor ligand: Synthesis, characterization, optical band gap, in vitro antimicrobial and DNA cleavage studies. J Mol Struct 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2012.06.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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27
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Synthesis, molecular structure and spectral analysis of ethyl 4-formyl-3,5-dimethyl-1H-pyrrole-2-carboxylate thiosemicarbazone: A combined DFT and AIM approach. J Mol Struct 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2012.02.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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28
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Demoro B, Sarniguet C, Sánchez-Delgado R, Rossi M, Liebowitz D, Caruso F, Olea-Azar C, Moreno V, Medeiros A, Comini MA, Otero L, Gambino D. New organoruthenium complexes with bioactive thiosemicarbazones as co-ligands: potential anti-trypanosomal agents. Dalton Trans 2012; 41:1534-43. [PMID: 22138896 PMCID: PMC3299570 DOI: 10.1039/c1dt11519g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
In the search for new therapeutic tools against neglected diseases produced by trypanosomatid parasites, and particularly against African Trypanosomiasis, whose etiological agent is Trypanosoma brucei, organoruthenium compounds with bioactive nitrofuran containing thiosemicarbazones (L) as co-ligands were obtained. Four ruthenium(II) complexes with the formula [Ru(2)(p-cymene)(2)(L)(2)]X(2), where X = Cl or PF(6), were synthesized and the crystal structures of two of them were solved by X-ray diffraction methods. Two of the complexes show significant in vitro growth inhibition activity against Trypanosoma brucei brucei and are highly selective towards trypanosomal cells with respect to mammalian cells (J774 murine macrophages). These promising results make the title organoruthenium compounds good lead candidates for further developments towards potential antitrypanosomal organometallic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Demoro
- Departamento Estrella Campos, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la Repúublica (UdelaR), Gral. Flores 2124, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Cynthia Sarniguet
- Departamento Estrella Campos, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la Repúublica (UdelaR), Gral. Flores 2124, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Roberto Sánchez-Delgado
- Chemistry Department, Brooklyn College and The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, Brooklyn, New York, 11210, USA
| | - Miriam Rossi
- Department of Chemistry, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York, 12604-0484, USA
| | - Daniel Liebowitz
- Department of Chemistry, Vassar College, Poughkeepsie, New York, 12604-0484, USA
| | - Francesco Caruso
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, c/o Università di Roma La Sapienza, Vecchio Istituto Chimico, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185, Rome, Italy
| | - Claudio Olea-Azar
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica y Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas y Farmacéuticas, Universidad de Chile, Casilla, 233, Santiago, Chile
| | - Virtudes Moreno
- Departamento de Química Inorganica, Universitat Barcelona, Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Andrea Medeiros
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, CP 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Marcelo A. Comini
- Group Redox Biology of Trypanosomes, Institut Pasteur de Montevideo, Mataojo 2020, CP 11400, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Lucía Otero
- Departamento Estrella Campos, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la Repúublica (UdelaR), Gral. Flores 2124, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Dinorah Gambino
- Departamento Estrella Campos, Facultad de Química, Universidad de la Repúublica (UdelaR), Gral. Flores 2124, 11800, Montevideo, Uruguay
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29
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Dutta J, Datta S, Kumar Seth D, Bhattacharya S. Mixed-ligand benzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone complexes of palladium containing N,O-donor ancillary ligands. Syntheses, structures, and catalytic application in C–C and C–N coupling reactions. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra21078a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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30
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Novel platinum(II) and palladium(II) complexes of thiosemicarbazones derived from 5-substitutedthiophene-2-carboxaldehydes and their antiviral and cytotoxic activities. Eur J Med Chem 2011; 46:5616-24. [PMID: 21993152 PMCID: PMC7126824 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2011.09.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2011] [Revised: 09/16/2011] [Accepted: 09/20/2011] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A series of thiosemicarbazones and their platinum(II) and palladium(II) complexes have been synthesized. The chemical structures of ligands and their complexes were characterized by UV–Vis, IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, MS spectra, elemental analysis and TGA. The antiviral and cytotoxic activities of all compounds have been tested. Results of broad antiviral evaluation showed that none of the compounds evaluated endowed with anti-DNA or -RNA virus activity at subtoxic concentrations except for the palladium complex 1b. This compound exhibited slightly selective inhibition against cytomegalovirus. The platinum complex 4a exhibited the best cytostatic activities against human cervix carcinoma. Ligands 2, 4 and 5 showed cytostatic potential. The palladium complexes were in general less cytostatic than the corresponding platinum complexes or unliganded congeners.
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31
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Paul P, Datta S, Halder S, Acharyya R, Basuli F, Butcher RJ, Peng SM, Lee GH, Castineiras A, Drew MG, Bhattacharya S. Syntheses, structures and efficient catalysis for C–C coupling of some benzaldehyde thiosemicarbazone complexes of palladium. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcata.2011.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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32
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Synthesis, Structural Characterization, and Pro-apoptotic Activity of 1-Indanone Thiosemicarbazone Platinum(II) and Palladium(II) Complexes: Potential as Antileukemic Agents. ChemMedChem 2011; 6:1485-94. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201100060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2011] [Revised: 04/26/2011] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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33
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Searching for gallium bioactive compounds: Gallium(III) complexes of tridentate salicylaldehyde semicarbazone derivatives. Polyhedron 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2011.02.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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34
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Sinha L, Prasad O, Narayan V, Shukla SR. Raman, FT-IR spectroscopic analysis and first-order hyperpolarisability of 3-benzoyl-5-chlorouracil by first principles. MOLECULAR SIMULATION 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/08927022.2010.533273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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35
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Benítez J, Becco L, Correia I, Leal SM, Guiset H, Pessoa JC, Lorenzo J, Tanco S, Escobar P, Moreno V, Garat B, Gambino D. Vanadium polypyridyl compounds as potential antiparasitic and antitumoral agents: new achievements. J Inorg Biochem 2010; 105:303-12. [PMID: 21194632 DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2010.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2010] [Revised: 10/30/2010] [Accepted: 11/02/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In the search for new therapeutic tools against diseases produced by kinetoplastid parasites five vanadyl complexes, [V(IV)O(L-2H)(phen)], including 1,10-phenanthroline (phen) and tridentate salicylaldehyde semicarbazone derivatives as ligands have been synthesized and characterized in the solid state and in solution by using different techniques. EPR suggested a distorted octahedral geometry with the tridentate semicarbazone occupying three equatorial positions and phen coordinated in an equatorial/axial mode. The compounds were evaluated in vitro on epimastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi, causative agent of Chagas disease, Leishmania panamensis and Leishmania chagasi and on tumor cells. The complexes showed higher in vitro anti-trypanosomal activities than the reference drug Nifurtimox (IC(50) values in the range 1.6-3.8 μM) and increased activities in respect to the free semicarbazone ligands. In vitro activity on promastigote and amastigote forms of Leishmania showed interesting results. The compounds [VO(L1-2H)(phen)] and [VO(L3-2H)(phen)], where L1 = 2-hydroxybenzaldehyde semicarbazone and L3 = 2-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzaldehyde semicarbazone, resulted active (IC(50) 2.74 and 2.75 μM, respectively, on promastigotes of L. panamensis; IC(50) 19.52 and 20.75 μM, respectively, on intracellular amastigotes of L. panamensis) and showed low toxicity on THP-1 mammalian cells (IC(50) 188.55 and 88.13 μM, respectively). In addition, the complexes showed cytotoxicity on human promyelocytic leukemia HL-60 cells with IC(50) values of the same order of magnitude as cisplatin. The interaction of the complexes with DNA was demonstrated by different techniques, suggesting that this biomolecule could be a potential target either in the parasites or in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julio Benítez
- Facultad de Química, UDELAR, Gral. Flores 2124, 11800 Montevideo, Uruguay
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36
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Molecular structure and vibrational spectroscopic analysis of an antiplatelet drug; clopidogrel hydrogen sulphate (form 2) – A combined experimental and quantum chemical approach. J Mol Struct 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2009.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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37
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Pagano M, Demoro B, Toloza J, Boiani L, González M, Cerecetto H, Olea-Azar C, Norambuena E, Gambino D, Otero L. Effect of ruthenium complexation on trypanocidal activity of 5-nitrofuryl containing thiosemicarbazones. Eur J Med Chem 2009; 44:4937-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2009.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2009] [Revised: 08/18/2009] [Accepted: 08/19/2009] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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38
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Ali HRH, Edwards HGM, Kendrick J, Scowen IJ. Vibrational spectroscopic study of terbutaline hemisulphate. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2009; 72:715-719. [PMID: 19124270 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2008.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2008] [Accepted: 11/08/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The Raman spectrum of terbutaline hemisulphate is reported for the first time, and molecular assignments are proposed on the basis of ab initio BLYP DFT calculations with a 6-31G* basis set and vibrational frequencies predicted within the quasi-harmonic approximation; these predictions compare favourably with the observed vibrational spectra. Comparison with previously published infrared data explains several spectral features. The results from this study provide data that can be used for the preparative process monitoring of terbutaline hemisulphate, an important beta(2) agonist drug in various dosage forms and its interaction with excipients and other components.
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Affiliation(s)
- H R H Ali
- Chemical & Forensic Sciences/University Analytical Centre, University of Bradford, UK
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39
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Vieites M, Otero L, Santos D, Olea-Azar C, Norambuena E, Aguirre G, Cerecetto H, González M, Kemmerling U, Morello A, Diego Maya J, Gambino D. Platinum-based complexes of bioactive 3-(5-nitrofuryl)acroleine thiosemicarbazones showing anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity. J Inorg Biochem 2009; 103:411-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2008.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2008] [Revised: 12/09/2008] [Accepted: 12/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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40
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Rodrigues C, Batista AA, Aucélio RQ, Teixeira LR, Visentin LDC, Beraldo H. Spectral and electrochemical studies of ruthenium(II) complexes with N4-methyl-4-nitrobenzaldehyde and N4-methyl-4-nitrobenzophenone thiosemicarbazone: Potential anti-trypanosomal agents. Polyhedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2008.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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41
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Vieites M, Otero L, Santos D, Toloza J, Figueroa R, Norambuena E, Olea-Azar C, Aguirre G, Cerecetto H, González M, Morello A, Maya JD, Garat B, Gambino D. Platinum(II) metal complexes as potential anti-Trypanosoma cruzi agents. J Inorg Biochem 2008; 102:1033-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2007.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2007] [Revised: 12/04/2007] [Accepted: 12/05/2007] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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42
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Vieites M, Smircich P, Parajón-Costa B, Rodríguez J, Galaz V, Olea-Azar C, Otero L, Aguirre G, Cerecetto H, González M, Gómez-Barrio A, Garat B, Gambino D. Potent in vitro anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity of pyridine-2-thiol N-oxide metal complexes having an inhibitory effect on parasite-specific fumarate reductase. J Biol Inorg Chem 2008; 13:723-35. [DOI: 10.1007/s00775-008-0358-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2007] [Accepted: 02/18/2008] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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