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Polak J, Bąkowicz J, Morzyk-Ociepa B. Discovery of a New Polymorph of 5-Methoxy-1 H-Indole-2-Carboxylic Acid: Characterization by X-ray Diffraction, Infrared Spectroscopy, and DFT Calculations. Molecules 2024; 29:2201. [PMID: 38792063 PMCID: PMC11123780 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29102201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This study presents a new 5-methoxy-1H-indole-2-carboxylic acid (MI2CA) polymorph investigated by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and density functional theory (ωB97X-D) calculations employing two basis sets (6-31++G(d,p) and aug-cc-pVTZ). The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/c (a = 4.0305(2) Å, b = 13.0346(6) Å, c = 17.2042(9) Å, β = 91.871(5)°, Z = 4). In the crystalline structure, the formation of cyclic dimers via double hydrogen bonds O-H⋯O between MI2CA molecules was observed. Interactions between the NH groups of the indole rings and the adjacent methoxy groups, as well as C-H⋯O contacts, significantly influence the spatial arrangement of molecules. The results from DFT calculations, including dimeric and trimeric structures, agree well with the experimental structural and spectroscopic data. Analysis of the infrared spectra confirms the conclusions drawn from X-ray diffraction studies and reveals differences between the IR spectra of the newly obtained polymorph and that reported earlier in the literature. This comprehensive study sheds some light on the MI2CA polymorphism and is important for a potential pharmacological applications of this compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Polak
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland;
| | - Julia Bąkowicz
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Wybrzeże Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wroclaw, Poland;
| | - Barbara Morzyk-Ociepa
- Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa, Armii Krajowej 13/15, 42-200 Czestochowa, Poland;
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Szmigiel-Bakalarz K, Skoczyńska A, Lewańska M, Günther D, Oeckler O, Malik-Gajewska M, Michalska D, Morzyk-Ociepa B. New Zn(II) coordination polymer of indole-3-acetic acid, a plant-growth promoting hormone: Crystal structure, spectroscopic characterization, DFT calculations and microbiological activity. Polyhedron 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2020.114582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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Szmigiel-Bakalarz K, Nentwig M, Oeckler O, Malik-Gajewska M, Filip-Psurska B, Morzyk-Ociepa B. 7-Azaindole-3-carboxylic acid and its Pt(II) and Pd(II) complexes: Crystal structure of the ligand, vibrational spectra, DFT calculations and in vitro antiproliferative activity. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Szmigiel K, Nentwig M, Oeckler O, Barczyńska-Felusiak R, Morzyk-Ociepa B. Crystal structure, vibrational spectroscopic characterization, thermal behavior and antifungal activity of a novel coordination polymer of indole‑3‑carboxylic acid with cobalt(II) and a comparison with the isostructural Zn(II) complex. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2018.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Morzyk-Ociepa B, Szmigiel K, Petrus R, Turowska-Tyrk I, Danuta Michalska. A novel coordination polymer of 7-azaindole-3-carboxylic acid with sodium ions: crystal and molecular structures, vibrational spectra and DFT calculations. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.05.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Correa N, Covarrubias C, Rodas PI, Hermosilla G, Olate VR, Valdés C, Meyer W, Magne F, Tapia CV. Differential Antifungal Activity of Human and Cryptococcal Melanins with Structural Discrepancies. Front Microbiol 2017; 8:1292. [PMID: 28744276 PMCID: PMC5504158 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.01292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanin is a pigment found in all biological kingdoms, and plays a key role in protection against ultraviolet radiation, oxidizing agents, and ionizing radiation damage. Melanin exerts an antimicrobial activity against bacteria, fungi, and parasites. We demonstrated an antifungal activity of synthetic and human melanin against Candida sp. The members of the Cryptococcus neoformans and C. gattii species complexes are capsulated yeasts, which cause cryptococcosis. For both species melanin is an important virulence factor. To evaluate if cryptococcal and human melanins have antifungal activity against Cryptococcus species they both were assayed for their antifungal properties and physico-chemical characters. Melanin extracts from human hair and different strains of C. neoformans (n = 4) and C. gattii (n = 4) were investigated. The following minimum inhibitory concentrations were found for different melanins against C. neoformans and C. gattii were (average/range): 13.7/(7.8–15.6) and 19.5/(15.6–31.2) μg/mL, respectively, for human melanin; 273.4/(125–>500) and 367.2/(125.5–>500) μg/mL for C. neoformans melanin and 125/(62.5–250) and 156.2/(62–250) μg/mL for C. gattii melanin. Using Scanning Electron Microscopy we observed that human melanin showed a compact conformation and cryptococcal melanins exposed an amorphous conformation. Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) showed some differences in the signals related to C-C bonds of the aromatic ring of the melanin monomers. High Performance Liquid Chromatography established differences in the chromatograms of fungal melanins extracts in comparison with human and synthetic melanin, particularly in the retention time of the main compound of fungal melanin extracts and also in the presence of minor unknown compounds. On the other hand, MALDI-TOF-MS analysis showed slight differences in the spectra, specifically the presence of a minor intensity ion in synthetic and human melanin, as well as in some fungal melanin extracts. We conclude that human melanin is more active than the two fungal melanins against Cryptococcus. Although some physico-chemical differences were found, they do not explain the differences in the antifungal activity against Cryptococcus of human and cryptococcal melanins. More detailed studies on the structure should be considered to associate structure and antifungal activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Néstor Correa
- Programa de Microbiología y Micología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile.,Facultad de Medicina Clínica Alemana, Universidad del DesarrolloSantiago, Chile.,Escuela de Tecnología Médica, Universidad San SebastiánSantiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Covarrubias
- Laboratorio de Nanomateriales, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Paula I Rodas
- Center for Integrative Medicine and Innovative Science, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Andres BelloSantiago, Chile
| | - Germán Hermosilla
- Programa de Microbiología y Micología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Verónica R Olate
- Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de TalcaTalca, Chile.,Center for Systems Biotechnology, Fraunhofer Chile ResearchSantiago, Chile
| | - Cristián Valdés
- Laboratorio de Fisicoquímica, Universidad de TalcaTalca, Chile
| | - Wieland Meyer
- Molecular Mycology Research Laboratory, Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Marie Bashir Institute for Infectious Diseases and Biosecurity, Sydney Medical School - Westmead Hospital, Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, SydneyNSW, Australia
| | - Fabien Magne
- Programa de Microbiología y Micología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Cecilia V Tapia
- Programa de Microbiología y Micología, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile.,Laboratorio de Clínica DávilaSantiago, Chile
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Morzyk-Ociepa B, Szmigiel K, Dysz K, Turowska-Tyrk I, Michalska D. Metal-organic frameworks in cadmium(II) complexes with 5-methoxyindole-2-carboxylic acid: structure, vibrational spectra and DFT calculations. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2016.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Morzyk-Ociepa B, Dysz K, Turowska-Tyrk I, Michalska D. New trans-dichloropalladium(II) complexes of 7-azaindole: Crystal and molecular structures, FT-IR, FT-Raman and DFT studies. J Mol Struct 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Morzyk-Ociepa B, Dysz K, Turowska-Tyrk I, Michalska D. Reinvestigation of the crystal structure, vibrational spectroscopic studies and DFT calculations of 5-bromo-7-azaindole with dual N–H⋅⋅⋅N hydrogen bonds in dimers. J Mol Struct 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2015.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Morzyk-Ociepa B, Dysz K, Turowska-Tyrk I, Michalska D. X-ray crystal structure, vibrational spectra and DFT calculations of 3-chloro-7-azaindole: a case of dual N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds in dimers. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 136 Pt B:405-415. [PMID: 25315872 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.09.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2014] [Revised: 09/05/2014] [Accepted: 09/18/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
3-Chloro-7-azaindole (3Cl7AI) is the carrier ligand in a new anticancer platinum(II) agent cis-[PtCl2(3Cl7AI)2]. In this work 3Cl7AI has been studied by a single crystal X-ray diffraction, infrared and Raman spectroscopy and density functional calculations. The compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P21/n, with a=12.3438(3), b=3.85964(11), c=14.4698(4)Å, β=100.739(2)°, V=677.31(3)Å(3) and Z=4. In the crystal, a pair of 3Cl7AI molecules forms a centrosymmetric dimer linked by the moderately strong dual N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds. The nitrogen atom in the pyrrole ring acts as the proton donor, while the nitrogen atom in the pyridine ring is the proton acceptor. The FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra (3500-60 cm(-1)) have been recorded. The theoretical studies on the molecular structures and vibrational spectra of the monomeric and dimeric forms of 3Cl7AI and its N-deuterated derivative were performed using the B3LYP method with 6-311++G(d,p) basis set. The theoretically predicted Raman spectrum for the dimer shows very good agreement with experiment. Detailed vibrational assignments for the two isotopomers have been made on the basis of the calculated potential energy distributions (PEDs). The dual N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds in 3Cl7AI dimer are characterized by a very broad and complicated structure of the absorption band between 3300 and 2500 cm(-1), which is caused by multiple Fermi resonances between the N-H stretching vibration and various combinations bands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Morzyk-Ociepa
- Institute of Chemistry, Environmental Protection and Biotechnology, Jan Długosz University, Armii Krajowej 13/15 Ave., 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland.
| | - Karolina Dysz
- Institute of Chemistry, Environmental Protection and Biotechnology, Jan Długosz University, Armii Krajowej 13/15 Ave., 42-200 Częstochowa, Poland
| | - Ilona Turowska-Tyrk
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Smoluchowskiego 23, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Danuta Michalska
- Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Technology, Smoluchowskiego 23, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland
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Crystal structure, infrared and EPR spectra and anticancer activity in vitro of the novel manganese(II) complexes of indolecarboxylic acids. Polyhedron 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.poly.2013.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Xing F, Jia J, Liu L, Zhong L, Shao M, Bai YL, Zhao Y, Zhu S, He X, Li M. Synthesis, structure and adsorption of coordination polymers constructed from 3,3′,5,5′-azobenzenetetracarboxylic acid and Zn ions. CrystEngComm 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ce40174j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Morzyk-Ociepa B, Różycka-Sokołowska E, Michalska D. Revised crystal and molecular structure, FT-IR spectra and DFT studies of chlorotetrakis(imidazole)copper(II) chloride. J Mol Struct 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2012.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Xing F, Bai Y, He X, Jia J, Zhou D, Shao M, Zhu S. Novel complexes constructed by flexible 1,2,3,4,5,6- cyclohexanehexacarboxylate and transition metal ions – From 0D mononuclear to 3D porous coordination polymers. CrystEngComm 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ce25283j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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