Structural, spectral, pH-metric and biological studies on mercury (II), cadmium (II) and binuclear zinc (II) complexes of NS donor thiosemicarbazide ligand

Xanthation of alginate for heavy metal ions removal. Characterization of xanthate-modified alginates and its metal derivatives

Xanthates are widely used in mining industry as collectors for its high affinity towards metal sulfides and precious metal ores. The possibility of using alginate for xanthation has not been explored yet despite the feasibility by the presence of hydroxyl groups alongside the polymeric chains. Therefore, this work aims to evaluate the alginate as a matrix for xanthation and its application on heavy metal ions removal. In order to obtain green materials, important pararmeter were explored such as the effect of reaction time (4-12 h), type of base (NaOH/KOH) and amount of carbon disulfide (2-10%v/v). Xanthated alginates were analyzed by NMR techniques and evidence of β-elimination was detected at 5.45 ppm. Furthermore, the presence of S element was confirmed by EDS mapping technique, while XRD showed a semi-crystalline structure. On the other hand, the chemical shifts of δ(C=S) and ν(C=S) bands were found around 863-805 cm^-1 and 662-602 cm^-1 respectively. Also, a shoulder at 182 ppm is appreciated by NMR in solid state attributed to CS group. According to FESEM analyses, morphology of xanthated alginates is affected by interaction with heavy metal ions. Finally, suitable materials for the removal of heavy metal ions were established at optimum pH values.

A novel binuclear hydrazone-based Cd(II) complex is a strong pro-apoptotic inducer with significant activity against 2D and 3D pancreatic cancer stem cells

A novel binuclear Cd complex (1) with hydrazone-based ligand was prepared and characterized by spectroscopy and single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. Complex 1 reveals a strong pro-apoptotic activity in both human, mammary adenocarcinoma cells (MCF-7) and pancreatic AsPC-1 cancer stem cells (CSCs). While apoptosis undergoes mostly caspase-independent, 1 stimulates the activation of intrinsic pathway with noteworthy down regulation of caspase-8 activity in respect to non-treated controls. Distribution of cells over mitotic division indicates that 1 caused DNA damage in both cell lines, which is confirmed in DNA interaction studies. Compared to 1, cisplatin (CDDP) does not achieve cell death in 2D cultured AsPC-1 cells, while induces different pattern of cell cycle changes and caspase activation in 2D cultured MCF-7 cells, implying that these two compounds do not share similar mechanism of action. Additionally, 1 acts as a powerful inducer of mitochondrial superoxide production with dissipated trans-membrane potential in the majority of the treated cells already after 6 h of incubation. On 3D tumors, 1 displays a superior activity against CSC model, and at 100 μM induces disintegration of spheroids within 2 days of incubation. Fluorescence spectroscopy, along with molecular docking show that compound 1 binds to the minor groove of DNA. Compound 1 binds to the human serum albumin (HSA) showing that the HSA can effectively transport and store 1 in the human body. Thus, our current study strongly supports further investigations on antitumor activity of 1 as a drug candidate for the treatment of highly resistant pancreatic cancer.

Pyridyl thiosemicarbazide: synthesis, crystal structure, DFT/B3LYP, molecular docking studies and its biological investigations

N-(pyridin-2-yl)hydrazinecarbothioamide has been synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray and spectroscopic techniques. Furthermore, its geometry optimization, calculated vibrational frequencies, non-linear optical properties, electrostatic potential and average local ionization energy properties of molecular surface were being evaluated using Jaguar program in the Schrödinger's set on the basis of the density functional concept to pretend the molecular geometry and predict properties of molecule performed by the hybrid density functional routine B3LYP. Furthermore, the docking study of N-(pyridin-2-yl)hydrazinecarbothioamide were applied against negative Escherichia coli bacterial and gram positive Staphylococcus aureus bacterial strains by Schrödinger suite program using XP glide protocol.

Preparation and structure investigation of novel Schiff bases using spectroscopic, thermal analyses and molecular orbital calculations and studying their biological activities

Two novel Schiff's bases (EB1 and L1) as new macrocyclic compounds were prepared via condensation reactions between bisaldehyde (2,2'-(ethane-1,2-diylbis(oxy))dibenzaldehyde): firstly with hydrazine carbothioamide to give (EB1), secondly with 4,6-diaminopyrimidine-2-thiol to give (L1). EB1 has a general formula C₁₈H₂₀N₆O₂S₂ of mole mass=416.520, and IUPAC name ((N,N'Z,N,N'E)-N,N'-(((ethane1,2diylbis(oxy))bis(2,1phenylene))bis(methanylylidene))bis(1hydrazinylmethanethioamide). L1 has a general formula C₂₀H₁₆N₄O₂S of mole mass=376.10; and IUPAC name 1,2-bis(2-vinylphenoxy)ethane4,6-diaminopyrimidine-2-thiol). The structures of the compounds obtained were characterized based on elemental analysis, FT-IR and (1)H NMR spectra, mass, and thermogravimetric analysis (TG, DTG). The activation thermodynamic parameters, such as, ΔE(*), ΔH(*), ΔS(*) and ΔG(*) were calculated from the TG curves using Coats-Redfern method. It is important to investigate their structures to know the active groups and weak bond responsible for their biological activities. The obtained thermal (TA) and mass (MS) practical results are confirmed by semi-empirical MO-calculation using PM3 procedure, on the neutral and positively charged forms of these novel Schiff bases. Therefore, comparison between MS and TA helps in selection of the proper pathway representing the decomposition of these compounds to give indication about their structures and consequently their biological activities. Their biological activities have been tested in vitro against Escherichia coli, Proteus vulgaris, Bacillissubtilies and Staphylococcus aurous bacteria in order to assess their antimicrobial potential.