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Musabeygi T, Goudarzi N, Arab-Chamjangali M, Mirzaee M. Fabrication of a magnetic composite by CoFe2O4 and an inorganic polymer for simultaneous photo-degradation of organic pollutants under visible LED light: Bandgap engineering, CCD-RSM modeling, and resolving spectral overlap of analytes. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.119692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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Ahmed HM, Belal TS, Shaalan RA, El Yazbi FA, Elonsy SM. Validated capillary zone electrophoretic method for simultaneous analysis of benazepril in combination with amlodipine besylate and hydrochlorothiazide. ACTA CHROMATOGR 2020. [DOI: 10.1556/1326.2019.00686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a novel, simple, and quick capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) method was proposed for simultaneous analysis of benazepril (BEN) with other co-administrated antihypertensive drugs, amlodipine besylate (AML) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCT), using a diode array detector (DAD). A fused silica capillary (78.5 cm total length, 70 cm effective length, and 75 μm id) was used in separation using a 40 mM phosphate buffer pH 7.5 as a running background electrolyte (BGE) under a positive potential of 30 KV, at a stable temperature of 25 °C for capillary during separation. Hydrodynamic injections were performed for 12 s at 50 mbar, and detection was performed at 210 nm for AML and BEN, at 225 nm for HCT, and at 232 nm for xipamide (XIP) added as an internal standard (IS). Separation of the three analyzed drugs and the IS was performed in less than 8 min. Migration times were 4.06, 5.23, 6.69, and 7.3 min for AML, HCT, BEN, and XIP, respectively. The findings proved that the proposed method was linear in the range of 10–80 μg/mL for all drugs with correlation coefficients >0.9994. The limit of detection (LOD) values of AML, HCT, and BEN were 1.004, 1.224, and 0.896 μg/mL, respectively, whereas the limit of quantification (LOQ) values were 3.124, 3.727, and 2.749 μg/mL for the cited drugs, respectively. Peak identity and purity were confirmed by DAD. The developed CZE method was applied for the analysis of the three antihypertensive drugs successfully in their combined pharmaceutical tablets, and it can be used for the quality control of single-pill combination (SPC) samples of these drugs in short time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hytham M. Ahmed
- 1 Pharmaceutical Analysis Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
| | - Tarek S. Belal
- 2 Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Rasha A. Shaalan
- 2 Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
- 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Manufacturing, Pharos University in Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Fawzy A. El Yazbi
- 2 Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Alexandria, Alexandria 21521, Egypt
| | - Sohila M. Elonsy
- 4 Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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Kokilambigai KS, Kavitha J, Seetharaman R, Lakshmi KS, Sai Susmitha A. Analytical and Bioanalytical Techniques for the Quantification of the Calcium Channel Blocker - Amlodipine: A Critical Review. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 51:754-786. [PMID: 32506944 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1772036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Hypertension is a condition in which blood pressure is elevated to an extent where benefit is obtained from blood pressure lowering. The risk of complications is proportional to the level that blood pressure raises. Calcium channel blockers are a class of compounds used in the treatment of hypertension. The dihydropyridine (DHP) group, a subclass of the calcium channel blocker works almost exclusively on L-type calcium channels in the peripheral arterioles and reduce blood pressure by reducing total peripheral resistant. Long acting DHP is preferred because they are more convenient for patients and avoid the large fluctuations in plasma drug concentration which are associated with side effects. Amlodipine is the most distinct DHP and the most popular. The drug was patented in the year 1986 and its commercial sale began by 1990. The current article provides a state of art about the analytical and bioanalytical techniques available for the quantification of drug as a single entity and in combined pharmaceutical formulations between 1989 and 2019.
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Affiliation(s)
- K S Kokilambigai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - J Kavitha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - R Seetharaman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K S Lakshmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Sai Susmitha
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, SRM College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India
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Bachri M, Masfria M, Syahputra S, Hafid H. Quantitative Estimation of Anti Hypertension Combination by Ratio Subtraction Spectrophotometry Method. Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019; 7:2940-2946. [PMID: 31844461 PMCID: PMC6901840 DOI: 10.3889/oamjms.2019.750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 07/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide are a group of anti-hypertensive drugs that are very effective and safe to use to reduce blood pressure and oedema. The combination has a small active ingredient content so that if the treatment didn’t meet the requirements for therapeutic doses, it not achieved to the maximum therapy. AIM: The research aims to the simultaneous determination of irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide in tablets by Ratio subtraction spectrophotometry method. METHODS: The absorption spectra and sample measurement in the Ratio subtraction method performed on Irbesartan at a wavelength of 247.6 nm and 273.6 nm for the Hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) using 0.1 N NaOH as a solution. This method is validated with linearity, accuracy, and precision in intraday and interday, LOD and LOQ and applied in the determination of a mixture of irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide in the dosage tablet. RESULTS: The validation test for IRB is 101.03 for accuracy, with a precision of 0.57; with precision testing at intraday 0.34 and interday 1.34, and LOD is 0.70 and LOQ is 2.12. Meanwhile, validation for HCT that the accuracy 100.34%; precision 0.89 and precision on intraday 1.20 and interday 1.18, and LOD 0.78 and LOQ 2.37 with IRB levels are 101.03 ± 0.63% and HCT is 100.59 ± 0.91%. CONCLUSION: The ultraviolet spectrophotometric method in subtraction ratio method was validated a method of linearity, accuracy, precision in intraday and interday, LOD, and LOQ and according to ICH guidelines and successfully applied for the determination simultaneous of irbesartan and hydrochlorothiazide in the tablet’s dosage form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muchlisyam Bachri
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan-20155, Indonesia
| | - Masfria Masfria
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan-20155, Indonesia
| | - Syahputra Syahputra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan-20155, Indonesia
| | - Hafid Hafid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan-20155, Indonesia
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Osman EEA. Analytical investigation of different mathematical approaches utilizing manipulation of ratio spectra. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 188:469-477. [PMID: 28756262 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2017.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Revised: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
This work represents a comparative study of different approaches of manipulating ratio spectra, applied on a binary mixture of ciprofloxacin HCl and dexamethasone sodium phosphate co-formulated as ear drops. The proposed new spectrophotometric methods are: ratio difference spectrophotometric method (RDSM), amplitude center method (ACM), first derivative of the ratio spectra (1DD) and mean centering of ratio spectra (MCR). The proposed methods were checked using laboratory-prepared mixtures and were successfully applied for the analysis of pharmaceutical formulation containing the cited drugs. The proposed methods were validated according to the ICH guidelines. A comparative study was conducted between those methods regarding simplicity, limitations and sensitivity. The obtained results were statistically compared with those obtained from the reported HPLC method, showing no significant difference with respect to accuracy and precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Essam Eldin A Osman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr-El Aini Street, 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
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Development and Validation of highly Sensitive Stability Indicating Spectrofluorimetric Method for Determination of Amlodipine in Pharmaceutical Preparations and Human Plasma. J Fluoresc 2016; 26:2141-2149. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-016-1910-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 08/15/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Hemdan A. Development and validation of different methods manipulating zero order and first order spectra for determination of the partially overlapped mixture benazepril and amlodipine: A comparative study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 164:52-60. [PMID: 27078209 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.03.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2015] [Revised: 03/05/2016] [Accepted: 03/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Three simple, selective, and accurate spectrophotometric methods have been developed and then validated for the analysis of Benazepril (BENZ) and Amlodipine (AML) in bulk powder and pharmaceutical dosage form. The first method is the absorption factor (AF) for zero order and amplitude factor (P-F) for first order spectrum, where both BENZ and AML can be measured from their resolved zero order spectra at 238nm or from their first order spectra at 253nm. The second method is the constant multiplication coupled with constant subtraction (CM-CS) for zero order and successive derivative subtraction-constant multiplication (SDS-CM) for first order spectrum, where both BENZ and AML can be measured from their resolved zero order spectra at 240nm and 238nm, respectively, or from their first order spectra at 214nm and 253nm for Benazepril and Amlodipine respectively. The third method is the novel constant multiplication coupled with derivative zero crossing (CM-DZC) which is a stability indicating assay method for determination of Benazepril and Amlodipine in presence of the main degradation product of Benazepril which is Benazeprilate (BENZT). The three methods were validated as per the ICH guidelines and the standard curves were found to be linear in the range of 5-60μg/mL for Benazepril and 5-30 for Amlodipine, with well accepted mean correlation coefficient for each analyte. The intra-day and inter-day precision and accuracy results were well within the acceptable limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hemdan
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th October, Egypt.
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Patel TR, Patel TB, Suhagia BN, Shah SA. HPTLC Method for Simultaneous Estimation of Aliskiren, Amlodipine, and Hydrochlorothiazide in Synthetic Mixture Using Quality by Design Approach. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/10826076.2015.1076461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tushar R. Patel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Dharmsinh Desai University, Gujarat, India
| | - Tejas B. Patel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Dharmsinh Desai University, Gujarat, India
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Salem H, Lotfy HM, Hassan NY, El-Zeiny MB, Saleh SS. A comparative study of different aspects of manipulating ratio spectra applied for ternary mixtures: derivative spectrophotometry versus wavelet transform. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2015; 135:1002-1010. [PMID: 25171050 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.07.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 07/21/2014] [Accepted: 07/28/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This work represents a comparative study of different aspects of manipulating ratio spectra, which are: double divisor ratio spectra derivative (DR-DD), area under curve of derivative ratio (DR-AUC) and its novel approach, namely area under the curve correction method (AUCCM) applied for overlapped spectra; successive derivative of ratio spectra (SDR) and continuous wavelet transform (CWT) methods. The proposed methods represent different aspects of manipulating ratio spectra of the ternary mixture of Ofloxacin (OFX), Prednisolone acetate (PA) and Tetryzoline HCl (TZH) combined in eye drops in the presence of benzalkonium chloride as a preservative. The proposed methods were checked using laboratory-prepared mixtures and were successfully applied for the analysis of pharmaceutical formulation containing the cited drugs. The proposed methods were validated according to the ICH guidelines. A comparative study was conducted between those methods regarding simplicity, limitation and sensitivity. The obtained results were statistically compared with those obtained from the reported HPLC method, showing no significant difference with respect to accuracy and precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hesham Salem
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 11787 6th October City, Egypt
| | - Hayam M Lotfy
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr-El Aini Street, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nagiba Y Hassan
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr-El Aini Street, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed B El-Zeiny
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Modern University for Technology and Information (MTI), 12582 Al Hadaba Al Wosta, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sarah S Saleh
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 11787 6th October City, Egypt.
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Saleh SS, Lotfy HM, Hassan NY, Salem H. A comparative study of progressive versus successive spectrophotometric resolution techniques applied for pharmaceutical ternary mixtures. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2014; 132:239-248. [PMID: 24873889 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2014] [Revised: 04/12/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
This work represents a comparative study of a novel progressive spectrophotometric resolution technique namely, amplitude center method (ACM), versus the well-established successive spectrophotometric resolution techniques namely; successive derivative subtraction (SDS); successive derivative of ratio spectra (SDR) and mean centering of ratio spectra (MCR). All the proposed spectrophotometric techniques consist of several consecutive steps utilizing ratio and/or derivative spectra. The novel amplitude center method (ACM) can be used for the determination of ternary mixtures using single divisor where the concentrations of the components are determined through progressive manipulation performed on the same ratio spectrum. Those methods were applied for the analysis of the ternary mixture of chloramphenicol (CHL), dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DXM) and tetryzoline hydrochloride (TZH) in eye drops in the presence of benzalkonium chloride as a preservative. The proposed methods were checked using laboratory-prepared mixtures and were successfully applied for the analysis of pharmaceutical formulation containing the cited drugs. The proposed methods were validated according to the ICH guidelines. A comparative study was conducted between those methods regarding simplicity, limitation and sensitivity. The obtained results were statistically compared with those obtained from the official BP methods, showing no significant difference with respect to accuracy and precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah S Saleh
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 11787 6th October City, Egypt.
| | - Hayam M Lotfy
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr-El Aini Street, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nagiba Y Hassan
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr-El Aini Street, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hesham Salem
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 11787 6th October City, Egypt
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