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A new palladium-based antiproliferative agent: synthesis, characterization, computational calculations, cytotoxicity, and DNA binding properties. Biometals 2021; 34:1173-1189. [PMID: 34363565 DOI: 10.1007/s10534-021-00335-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A new palladium(II) complex entitled [Pd(phendione)(8Q)]NO3, (PdPQ), where phendione is N,N-donor heterocyclic 1,10-phenanthroline-5,6-dion and 8Q is 8-hydroxyquinolinate, has been synthesized and then characterized by molar conductivity, CHN analysis and spectral data (UV-Vis, FT-IR, NMR). DFT/ TDDFT procedures were also performed to determine the electronic structure and the nature of the electronic transitions of PdPQ. Moreover, the affinity and binding properties of DNA to the desired complex have been studied in details using electronic absorption, fluorescence, circular dichroism spectroscopies, and viscosity measurement in combination with molecular docking technique. The obtained results exhibit relatively high DNA binding values with a static quenching mechanism, which suggest that an intercalative mode plays a peridominate role in interaction process concluded by experimental/theoretical measurements. As a result of drug exposure, in vitro cytotoxicity assay demonstrated the antiproliferative activity of the PdPQ against leukemia cancer cell line, K562.
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Zafar W, Sumrra SH, Chohan ZH. A review: Pharmacological aspects of metal based 1,2,4-triazole derived Schiff bases. Eur J Med Chem 2021; 222:113602. [PMID: 34139626 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2021.113602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Clinical reports have highlighted the radical increase of antibiotic resistance. As a result, multidrug resistance has emerged as a serious threat to human health. Many organic compounds commonly used as drugs in the past, no longer have pure organic mode of action rather need bio-transformation or more activation. Bulk of research has shown that they need trace amount of metal ions incorporated within the chemistry of bioactive molecules for enhancement of their potentiality to fight aggressively against resistance. The deficiency of some metal ions can also be responsible for many diseases like growth retardation, pernicious anemia and heart diseases in infants. To overcome these problems, there is a need to introduce novel strategies which have new mechanism of action along with significant spectrum of biological activity, enhanced safety and efficacy. Bioinorganic compounds have played imperative role in developing the new strategy in the form of "Metal Based Drugs". In current years there have been momentous rise of interest in the application of metal based Schiff base compounds to treat various diseases which are difficult to be treated with conventional methodologies. The unique properties of metal chelates acting as an intermediate between conventional organic and inorganic compounds provided innovative opportunities in the field of pharmaceutical chemistry. In this review, we have exclusively focused on the search of metal based 1,2,4-triazole derived Schiff base compounds (synthesized, reported and reviewed in the past ten years) that possess various biological activities such as antifungal, antibacterial, antioxidant, antidiabetic, anthelmintic, anticancer, antiproliferative, cytotoxic and DNA-intercalation activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wardha Zafar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan
| | - Sajjad H Sumrra
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gujrat, Gujrat, 50700, Pakistan.
| | - Zahid H Chohan
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Southern Punjab, Multan, Pakistan
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New Palladium(II), Platinum(II) and Silver(I) complexes of 2-amino-4,6-dithio-1,3,5-triazine; synthesis, characterization and DNA binding properties. J Mol Struct 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.127088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Synthesis, characterization and anticancer activity of new Zn(II) and MoO22+ complexes of 2-amino-4,6-mercaptotriazine. INORG CHEM COMMUN 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.inoche.2019.04.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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Rajak S, Mohan M, A. Tremblay A, Maris T, Leal do Santos S, Venancio EC, Ferreira Santos S, Duong A. Programmed Molecular Construction: Driving the Self-Assembly by Coordination and Hydrogen Bonds Using 6-(Pyridin-2-yl)-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine with M(NO 3) 2 Salts. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:2708-2718. [PMID: 31459507 PMCID: PMC6647959 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b03517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 01/17/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A new series of hydrogen-bonded metallotecton networks 6-9 of the general formula [M(2)2(NO3)2] were obtained from the reaction of 6-pyridin-2-yl-[1,3,5]-triazine-2,4-diamine 2 with transition-metal ions [M: Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II)]. Their supramolecular networks and associated properties were characterized by single-crystal and powder X-ray diffraction, IR, solid-state UV-vis spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis associated with differential scanning calorimetry. On the basis of standard patterns of coordination involving 2,2'-bipyridine and simple derivatives, compound 2 binds transition-metal ions with predictable constitution and the diaminotriazinyl (DAT) groups serve orthogonally to ensure the intermetallotecton interactions by hydrogen bonding according to well-established motifs I-III. As expected, compound 2 formed octahedral 2:1 metallotectons with M(NO3)2, and further self-assembled by hydrogen bonding of the DAT groups to produce pure, crystalline, homogeneous, and thermally stable materials. In these structures, nitrate counterions also play an important role in the cohesion of intermetallotectons to form two-dimensional and three-dimensional networks. These results illustrated the effectiveness of the synthetic approach to create a wide range of novel ordered materials with controllable architectures and tunable properties achieved by varying the central metal ion. Crystal morphologies of 6-9 were also investigated by scanning electron microscopy and calculation using Bravais-Friedel-Donnay-Harker method from their single-crystal structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanil Rajak
- Département
de Chimie, Biochimie et Physique and Institut de Recherche sur l’Hydrogène, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec G9A 5H7, Canada
| | - Midhun Mohan
- Département
de Chimie, Biochimie et Physique and Institut de Recherche sur l’Hydrogène, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec G9A 5H7, Canada
| | - Alexandre A. Tremblay
- Département
de Chimie, Biochimie et Physique and Institut de Recherche sur l’Hydrogène, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec G9A 5H7, Canada
| | - Thierry Maris
- Département
de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec H3C 3J7, Canada
| | - Silvano Leal do Santos
- Centro
de Engenharia, Modelagem e Ciências Sociais Aplicadas (CECS), Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Everaldo Carlos Venancio
- Centro
de Engenharia, Modelagem e Ciências Sociais Aplicadas (CECS), Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Sydney Ferreira Santos
- Centro
de Engenharia, Modelagem e Ciências Sociais Aplicadas (CECS), Universidade Federal do ABC (UFABC), Santo André, SP 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Adam Duong
- Département
de Chimie, Biochimie et Physique and Institut de Recherche sur l’Hydrogène, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Trois-Rivières, Québec G9A 5H7, Canada
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Zhang CL, Liu YX, Zhang XM, Chen S, Shen F, Xiong YH, Liu W, Mao ZW, Le XY. Synthesis, characterization, DNA/HSA interactions and in vitro cytotoxic activities of two novel water-soluble copper(II) complexes with 1,3,5-triazine derivative ligand and amino acids. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2018; 91:414-425. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.05.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 05/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Yepremyan A, Mehmood A, Brewer S, Barnett MM, Janesko BG, Akkaraju G, Simanek EE, Green KN. A new triazine bearing a pyrazolone group capable of copper, nickel, and zinc chelation. RSC Adv 2018; 8:3024-3035. [PMID: 29503730 PMCID: PMC5831559 DOI: 10.1039/c7ra09459k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Interest in inorganic applications of triazines is growing. In this report, metal complexes of copper(ii), nickel(ii), and zinc(ii) and a novel class of chelates composed of a triazine ring substituted with a hydrazine group and pyrazolone are evaluated using spectrophotometric methods, single crystal X-ray diffractometry, and electrochemistry. Complexes with copper(ii) include a single chelate and chloride ion(s)/water to satisfy a trigonal bipyramidal coordination sphere. The nickel(ii) and zinc(ii) complexes are composed of two chelating groups that adopt an octahedral geometry around the metal ion. Irreversible redox activity was observed with the copper(ii) complex but no redox activity was observed with the ligand alone or zinc(ii) and nickel(ii) complexes. Use of the coumarin carboxylic acid assay shows that the ligand motif is capable of preventing redox cycling of copper in biological conditions and could thus serve as an antioxidant preventative agent. Cellular toxicity studies show that the new triazine molecule could have therapeutic applications in the μM concentration range based on the measured EC50 = 1.183 ± 0.002 mM. Altogether this work shows that by merging triazine chemistry into inorganic compounds, there is potential to explore a range applications thanks to the new architecture. A new triazine bearing a pyrazolone moiety and metalation with first row transition metals, copper(ii), nickel(ii), and zinc(ii) is explored.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Akop Yepremyan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129
| | - Arshad Mehmood
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129
| | - Samantha Brewer
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129
| | - Madalyn M Barnett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129
| | - Benjamin G Janesko
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129
| | - Giridhar Akkaraju
- Department of Biology, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129
| | - Eric E Simanek
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129
| | - Kayla N Green
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Texas Christian University, Fort Worth, Texas 76129
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Moghadam NH, Salehzadeh S, Shahabadi N. Spectroscopic and molecular docking studies on the interaction of antiviral drug nevirapine with calf thymus DNA. NUCLEOSIDES NUCLEOTIDES & NUCLEIC ACIDS 2017; 36:553-570. [PMID: 28786740 DOI: 10.1080/15257770.2017.1346800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The interaction of calf thymus DNA with nevirapine at physiological pH was studied by using absorption, circular dichroism, viscosity, differential pulse voltammetry, fluorescence techniques, salt effect studies and computational methods. The drug binds to ct-DNA in a groove binding mode, as shown by slight variation in the viscosity of ct-DNA. Furthermore, competitive fluorimetric studies with Hoechst 33258 indicate that nevirapine binds to DNA via groove binding. Moreover, the structure of nevirapine was optimized by DFT calculations and was used for the molecular docking calculations. The molecular docking results suggested that nevirapine prefers to bind on the minor groove of ct-DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Nahid Shahabadi
- b Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science , Razi University , Kermanshah , Iran.,c Medical Biology Research Center (MBRC) Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences , Kermanshah , Iran
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