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Narimani S, Samadi N, Delnavaz E. Highly sensitive and novel dual-emission fluorescence nanosensor utilizing hybrid carbon dots-quantum dots for ratiometric determination of chlorpromazine. ANAL SCI 2024; 40:1521-1528. [PMID: 38740714 DOI: 10.1007/s44211-024-00591-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Herein, a ratiometric fluorimetric nanosensor is introduced for the sensitive and selective analysis of chlorpromazine (CPZ) via employing blue-emitting B-doped carbon dots (B-CDs) as the reference fluorophore and green-emitting CdTe capped thioglycolic acid (TGA) quantum dots (TGA-CdTe-QDs) as the specific recognition probe. The sensor exhibits dual emission centered at 440 and 560 nm, under a single excitation wavelength of 340 nm. Upon the addition of ultra-trace amount of CPZ, the fluorescence signal of TGA-CdTe-QDs declines due to electron transfer process from excited TGA-CdTe-QDs to CPZ molecules, whereas the fluorescence peak of B-CDs is unaffected. Therefore, a new fluorimetric platform was prepared for the assay of CPZ in the range of 2.2 × 10-10 to 5.0 × 10-9 M with a detection limit of 1.3 × 10-10 M. Moreover, the practicability of the designed strategy was investigated for the detection of CPZ in biological samples and the results demonstrate that it possesses considerable potential to be utilized in practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeedeh Narimani
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran.
| | - Naser Samadi
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran
| | - Elnaz Delnavaz
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran
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2
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Mostafa YE, Elsebaei F, Metwally MES. Exploring fluorescence of metal nanoparticles for effective utility in drug sensing: A Promising ''on-off'' fluorescence probe for analysis of cephalosporins is fabricated. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 303:123184. [PMID: 37499468 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
A promising fluorescent nano sensor was fabricated exploiting the unique optical and physicochemical properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). AgNPs were prepared following a chemical reduction technique to get a highly water-soluble nano sensor, stable for at least 1 month without the need of organic stabilizers. Full characterization of AgNPs was done using different spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. They exhibit excellent water solubility, physicochemical and optical properties, enabling them to be successfully applied in chemical sensing of drugs. The prepared AgNPs could be conceived as a fluorescent probe for the fluorimetric determination of two commonly administered cephalosporins ceftriaxone (CTX) and cefepime (CFP) based on the quenching behavior of the fluorescence omitting the need for pre-derivatization or chromogenic reagents. The fluorescence intensity of AgNPs at 485 nm after excitation at 242 nm was quantitively quenched upon increasingly adding the studied drugs over the concentration ranges of 1-10 µg/mL and 0.9-9 µg/mL with detection limits of 0.178 µg/mL and 0.145 µg/mL for CTX and CFP, respectively. The quenching mechanisms were investigated and illustrated. The influence of different experimental parameters was studied and optimized. The suggested sensor provides an innovative, sensitive, and eco-friendly approach for the assay of the drugs in their pharmaceutical vials and quality control laboratories with excellent % recoveries of 99.88 ± 1.15, 99.95 ± 1.15 for CTX and CFP, respectively. The method was validated in accordance with ICH Q2 R1 recommendations. The greenness evaluation was performed through both Eco-Scale and GAPI revealing the green criteria of the developed method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmeen E Mostafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, P.O.Box 35516, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Fawzi Elsebaei
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, P.O.Box 35516, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Mohammed El-Sayed Metwally
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, P.O.Box 35516, Mansoura, Egypt
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3
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Zairov R, Dovzhenko A, Terekhova N, Kornev T, Zhou Y, Huang Z, Tatarinov D, Nizameeva G, Fayzullin RR, Gubaidullin AT, Salikhova T, Enrichi F, Mironov VF, Mustafina A. Phosphineoxide-Chelated Europium(III) Nanoparticles for Ceftriaxone Detection. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:438. [PMID: 36770399 PMCID: PMC9920168 DOI: 10.3390/nano13030438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The present work demonstrates the optimization of the ligand structure in the series of bis(phosphine oxide) and β-ketophosphine oxide representatives for efficient coordination of Tb3+ and Eu3+ ions with the formation of the complexes exhibiting high Tb3+- and Eu3+-centered luminescence. The analysis of the stoichiometry and structure of the lanthanide complexes obtained using the XRD method reveals the great impact of the bridging group nature between two phosphine oxide moieties on the coordination mode of the ligands with Tb3+ and Eu3+ ions. The bridging imido-group facilitates the deprotonation of the imido- bis(phosphine oxide) ligand followed by the formation of tris-complexes. The spectral and PXRD analysis of the separated colloids indicates that the high stability of the tris-complexes provides their safe conversion into polystyrenesulfonate-stabilized colloids using the solvent exchange method. The red Eu3+-centered luminescence of the tris-complex exhibits the same specificity in the solutions and the colloids. The pronounced luminescent response on the antibiotic ceftriaxone allows for sensing the latter in aqueous solutions with an LOD value equal to 0.974 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rustem Zairov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov Str., 420088 Kazan, Russia
- Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Alexey Dovzhenko
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov Str., 420088 Kazan, Russia
- Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Natalia Terekhova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov Str., 420088 Kazan, Russia
| | - Timur Kornev
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov Str., 420088 Kazan, Russia
| | - Ying Zhou
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality, School of New 401 Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Zeai Huang
- Institute of Carbon Neutrality, School of New 401 Energy and Materials, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu 610500, China
| | - Dmitry Tatarinov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov Str., 420088 Kazan, Russia
- Institute of Chemistry, Kazan Federal University, Kremlevskaya Str. 18, 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Guliya Nizameeva
- Department of Nanomaterials and Nanotechnology, Kazan National Research Technological University, 68, Karl Marx Str., 420015 Kazan, Russia
| | - Robert R. Fayzullin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov Str., 420088 Kazan, Russia
| | - Aidar T. Gubaidullin
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov Str., 420088 Kazan, Russia
| | - Taliya Salikhova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, 18 Kremlevskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Francesco Enrichi
- Department of Computer Science, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 15, 37134 Verona, Italy
- CNR-ISP, Institute of Polar Science of the National Research Council, Via Torino 155, 30174 Venezia, Italy
| | - Vladimir F. Mironov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov Str., 420088 Kazan, Russia
| | - Asiya Mustafina
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 8 Arbuzov Str., 420088 Kazan, Russia
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Zhang C, Shi Y, Wang Z, Liu C, Hou Y, Bi J, Wu L. Electrostatic interaction and surface S vacancies synergistically enhanced the photocatalytic degradation of ceftriaxone sodium. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 311:137053. [PMID: 36332732 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.137053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ZnIn2S4 ultrathin 2D nanosheets with a positive surface charge are synthesized by a hydrothermal method and different contents of surface S vacancies are induced via heat treatment of as-prepared ZnIn2S4 (ZIS). As the S vacancies contents increased, the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of ceftriaxone (CTRX) sodium is promoted. Especially, ZIS-300 shows the best degradation efficiency (88.8%) for an initial CTRX concentration of 10 mg L-1 in 2 h. It is found that S vacancies cause the electron density of surface metal atoms (Zn, In) to be decreased, which makes the effective adsorption and activation of ceftriaxone anions through electrostatic adsorption interactions. Meanwhile, S vacancies also serve as active centers to promote the absorption of O2 and gather electrons to form •O2- species. The photogenerated holes quickly transfer to the surface of the catalyst to directly degrade the adsorbed CTRX. Thus, the photocatalytic CTRX degradation efficiency is significantly improved. Finally, a possible mechanism for over defective ZIS is proposed. This work provides a feasible strategy for the efficient degradation of antibiotics from the perspective of electrostatic adsorption and molecule activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, PR China
| | - Yingzhang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, PR China
| | - Zhiwen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, PR China
| | - Cheng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, PR China
| | - Yidong Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, PR China
| | - Jinhong Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, PR China; Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, Fuzhou University, Minhou, Fujian, 350108, China.
| | - Ling Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian, 350116, PR China.
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Narimani S, Samadi N. Rapid trace analysis of ceftriaxone using new fluorescent carbon dots as a highly sensitive turn-off nanoprobe. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Ganesan M, Nagaraaj P. Quantum dots as nanosensors for detection of toxics: a literature review. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2020; 12:4254-4275. [PMID: 32940270 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay01293a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Great advances have been made in sensor-based methods for chemical analysis owing to their high sensitivity, selectivity, less testing time, and minimal usage of chemical reagents. Quantum Dots (QDs) having excellent optical properties have been thoroughly explored for variety of scientific applications wherein light plays an important role. In recent years, there have been an increasing number of publications on the applications of QDs as photoluminescent nanosensors for the detection of chemicals and biomolecules. However, there has been hardly any publication describing the use of QDs in the detection of various toxic chemicals at one place. Hence, a literature survey has been made on the applications of QDs as chemosensors for the detection of gaseous, anionic, phenolic, metallic, drug-overdose, and pesticide poison so as to open a new perspective towards the role of sensors in analytical toxicology. In this review, the QD-based analysis of biospecimens for poison detection in clinical and forensic toxicology laboratories is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muthupandian Ganesan
- Toxicology Division, Regional Forensic Science Laboratory, Forensic Sciences Department, Forensic House, Chennai-4, India.
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Raja DA, Musharraf SG, Shah MR, Jabbar A, Bhanger MI, Malik MI. Poly(propylene glycol) stabilized gold nanoparticles: An efficient colorimetric assay for ceftriaxone. J IND ENG CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2020.03.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Pourreza N, Ghomi M. A network composed of gold nanoparticles and a poly(vinyl alcohol) hydrogel for colorimetric determination of ceftriaxone. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:133. [PMID: 31942648 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-4039-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
A hydrogel network was prepared from poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and borax, and then was modified with gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) that were obtained by in-situ nucleation and growth. This modified network is shown to be a viable optical nanoprobe for the drug ceftriaxone (CTRX) in biological samples. The properties and morphology of the modified network were investigated using energy dispersive X-ray analysis, transmission electron microscopy, zeta-sizing and viscosimetry. The UV-vis spectrum was recorded to verify the nanosynthesis of the red AuNPs, and the maximum absorption is found at 517 nm. This AuNP-poly(vinyl alcohol)-borax hydrogel nanoprobe (AuNP/PBH) is introduced as an optical nanoprobe for ceftriaxone in biological samples. The AuNPs have a better ability to attach the sulfur functional groups than amino functional groups. Hence, the probable mechanism is based on the attachment of sulfur functional groups of CRTX structure with AuNPs located in the PBH. As a result of this interaction, the surface plasmon resonance of AuNPs is altered in the presence of CTRX and the absorption of the nanoprobe is decreased at 517 nm. The effects of pH value, borax and PVA concentration were investigated. Under optimum conditions, the calibration graph is linear in the 1-90 μg mL-1 CTRX concentration range, and the limit of detection is 0.33 μg mL-1. The relative standard deviation for ten replicate measurements of at levels of 20 and 70 μg mL-1 of CTRX was 4.0% and 2.2%, respectively. The nanoprobe was successfully applied to the determination of CTRX in (spiked) serum and urine samples. The performance of the nanoprobe was compared with HPLC method and the results were satisfactory. Graphical abstract Schematic representation of a new nanoprobe based on in situ formation of AuNPs into poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA)-borax (PBH) hydrogel fabricated for ceftriaxone detection. The hydrogel acts as the reducing agent for production and embedding of AuNPs in the network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nahid Pourreza
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz , 61357-43337, Iran.
| | - Matineh Ghomi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz , 61357-43337, Iran
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Sadeghi S, Olieaei S. Capped cadmium sulfide quantum dots with a new ionic liquid as a fluorescent probe for sensitive detection of florfenicol in meat samples. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 223:117349. [PMID: 31319275 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The new ionic liquid capped CdS quantum dots (IL-CdS QDs) as a fluorescent probe was successfully synthesized by a hydrothermal method in a one step process and used for the facile and sensitive determination of florfenicol (FLF) in aqueous media. The new ionic liquid 3-(2-[(5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazol-2-yl)thio]ethyl)-1-methyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium chloride (IL) was synthesized by introducing 5-amino-1,3,4-thiadiazole-2-thiol as a ligand onto the alkyl chain of the 1-chloroethyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ILs. This task specific ionic liquid reagent was used for the capping of CdS QDs which played the role of recognition element of FLF. The IL-CdS QDs were characterized by Ultra Violet-Visible absorption -spectroscopy (UV-Vis absorption spectroscopy), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Quenching of fluorescence intensity of the IL-CdS QDs was in proportion to the addition of FLF concentration. Under the optimum conditions, the fluorescence intensity ratio of IL-CdS QDs in the presence and absence of FLF versus FLF concentrations gave a linear response according to the Stern-Volmer equation from 0.1 to 20 μg mL-1 (0.3 to 56 μmol L-1) with a limit of detection 0.035 μg mL-1 (0.098 μmol L-1). The developed method was applied to the determination of FLF in fish and chicken meats with satisfactory results. This method revealed some advantages such as high sensitivity, precision and wide linear range to FLF. The proposed method can be utilized for rapid screening the quality of meat products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Susan Sadeghi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
| | - Samieh Olieaei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran
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Shahrouei F, Elhami S, Tahanpesar E. Highly sensitive detection of Ceftriaxone in water, food, pharmaceutical and biological samples based on gold nanoparticles in aqueous and micellar media. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2018; 203:287-293. [PMID: 29879643 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.05.119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 05/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A colorimetric assay with excellent sensitivity is reported to detect Ceftriaxone in aqueous and micellar solutions. Ceftriaxone could induce the aggregation of gold nanoparticles through hydrogen-bonding interaction and electrostatic attraction. As a result of aggregation, the surface plasmon resonance band around 520 nm decreases and a new band appears at 620 nm. The effect of surfactants was investigated on the aggregation. The band around 620 nm is shifted to around 685 nm in Triton X-100 micellar media and that is seen color conversion from red to deep blue which is clearly detectable by the naked eye. The results were improved in Triton X-100 micellar media as compared to aqueous media so that the lowest measured concentration and detection limit in micellar media have decreased 10 and 8 times, respectively. Triton X-100 showed strong effect on the stabilization of the solutions. The method has been successfully applied for the analysis of various real samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forough Shahrouei
- Department Of Chemistry, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Shahla Elhami
- Department Of Chemistry, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Elham Tahanpesar
- Department Of Chemistry, Ahvaz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ahvaz, Iran
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Zhou Q, Liu C, Zhang H, Zhao C, Wang Y. Development and Applications of Quantum Dot-based Molecularly Imprinted Polymer Composites for Optosensing of Carbofuran in Water. ANAL SCI 2018; 33:957-962. [PMID: 28794334 DOI: 10.2116/analsci.33.957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In this paper, quantum dot (QD)-based molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) was fabricated and successfully utilized as a fluorescent probe for highly selective and sensitive detection of carbofuran in water samples. The MIPs were synthesized followed by a multi-step swelling and polymerization method, and then labeled with CdSe/ZnS QDs via gradual solvent evaporation. Then the prepared QDs-MIP microspheres were introduced to flow cytometry by virtue of their good dispersibility in water, and fast adsorption and desorption. Under optimized conditions, the fluorescence intensity of QDs-MIP decreased linearly with the increasing of carbofuran in the concentration range of 1 - 20 μg L-1 (R2 > 0.99) and it can detect down to 0.2 μg L-1 of carbofuran. This method was simple, selective and applied successfully to the optosensing of trace carbofuran in water samples with good recoveries ranging from 94.1 ± 3.7 to 98.4 ± 4.5%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Zhou
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.,Ministry of Agriculture Laboratory of Risk Assessment of Environment Factors for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products
| | | | - Hong Zhang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.,Ministry of Agriculture Laboratory of Risk Assessment of Environment Factors for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products
| | - Chunjie Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University
| | - Yanhong Wang
- Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences.,Ministry of Agriculture Laboratory of Risk Assessment of Environment Factors for Quality and Safety of Agro-Products
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