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Kaladi Chondath S, Menamparambath MM. Self-assembly of random networks of zirconium-doped manganese oxide nanoribbons and poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) flakes at the water/chloroform interface. Faraday Discuss 2023; 247:227-245. [PMID: 37466038 DOI: 10.1039/d3fd00077j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Owing to their magnificent chemical and physical properties, transition metal-based heterostructures are potential materials for applications ranging from point-of-care diagnostics to sustainable energy technologies. The cryptomelane-type octahedral molecular sieves (K-OMS-2) are extensively studied porous materials with a hollandite (2 × 2 tunnel of dimensions 4.6 × 4.6 Å2) structure susceptible to the isovalent substitution of metal cations at the framework of MnO6 octahedral chains. Here we report a facile in situ synthesis of framework-level zirconium (Zr)-doped K-OMS-2 nanoribbons in poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) nanoflakes at a water/chloroform interface at ambient conditions. An oxidant system of KMnO4 and ZrOCl2·8H2O initiated the polymerisation at temperatures ranging from 5° to 50 °C. The lattice distortions arising from the framework-level substitution of Mn4+ by Zr4+ in the K-OMS-2 structure were evidenced with powder X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and N2 adsorption-desorption studies. Transmission electron microscopic and mapping images confirmed that PEDOT/Zr-K-OMS-2 comprises a highly crystalline random network of two-dimensional PEDOT flakes and Zr-doped K-OMS-2 nanoribbons. In this regard, the proposed interfacial strategy affirms an in situ method for the morphological tuning of heterostructures on polymer supports at low temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subin Kaladi Chondath
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut-673601, Kerala, India.
| | - Mini Mol Menamparambath
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut-673601, Kerala, India.
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2
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Chondath SK, Sreekala APK, Farzeena C, Varanakkottu SN, Menamparambath MM. Interfacial tension driven adsorption of MnO 2 nanoparticles at the liquid/liquid interface to tailor ultra-thin polypyrrole sheets. NANOSCALE 2022; 14:11197-11209. [PMID: 35900017 DOI: 10.1039/d2nr02130g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An emerging aspect of research is designing and developing fully tunable metamaterials for various applications with fluid interfaces. Liquid/liquid interface-assisted methods represent an efficient and facile route for synthesizing two-dimensional (2-D) thin films of potential materials. The underlying mechanism behind thin film formation at the liquid/liquid interface involves the preferential adsorption of nano-sized particles at the interface to minimize high interfacial tension. Here, a water/chloroform interface-assisted method is employed for the one-pot synthesis of highly crystalline polypyrrole/manganese dioxide (PPy/MnO2) sheets. The temporal evolution in the dynamic interfacial tension (from 32 mN m-1 to 17 mN m-1) observed in pendant drop tensiometry proved the preferential adsorption of MnO2 atttached PPy oligomers at the water/chloroform interface. An ultra-thin sheet-like morphology and uniform distribution of ∼6 nm highly crystalline MnO2 nanoparticles are evidenced by transmission and atomic force microscopy techniques. The predominance of interfacial polymerization in retaining the electrochemical activity of the PPy/MnO2 sheets is elucidated for the electrochemical detection of nicotine. This study opens a new avenue for the realization of ultra-thin sheets of polymer-nanomaterial hybrids, enabling applications ranging from new classes of sensors to optics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subin Kaladi Chondath
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut-673601, Kerala, India.
| | | | - Chalikkara Farzeena
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut-673601, Kerala, India
| | | | - Mini Mol Menamparambath
- Department of Chemistry, National Institute of Technology Calicut, Calicut-673601, Kerala, India.
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Lee JH, Nguyen TTT, Nguyen LHT, Phan TB, Kim SS, Doan TLH. Functionalization of zirconium-based metal-organic frameworks for gas sensing applications. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 403:124104. [PMID: 33265070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.124104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Revised: 09/08/2020] [Accepted: 09/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The functionalization and incorporation of noble metals in metal-organic frameworks have been widely used as efficient methods to enhance their applicability. Herein, a sulfone-functionalized Zr-MOF framework labeled Zr-BPDC-SO2 (BPDC-SO2 =dibenzo[b,d]-thiophene-3,7-dicarboxylate 5,5-dioxide) and its Pd-embedded composite were efficiently synthesized by adjusting their functional groups. The obtained compounds were characterized to assess their potential for gas sensing applications. X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, specific surface area measurements, and thermogravimetric analysis were employed to characterize the new sensor materials. The gas sensing properties of the novel functionalized sensor materials were systematically investigated under various temperature, concentration, and gas type conditions. Owing to the strong hydrogen bonds of the sulfonyl groups and Zr6 clusters in the framework with the hydroxyl groups of ethanol, Zr-BPDC-SO2 emerged as an effective sensor for ethanol detection. In addition, Pd@Zr-BPDC-SO2 exhibited efficient hydrogen sensing performance, in terms of sensor dynamics and response. More importantly, the material showed a higher sensing response to hydrogen than to other gases, highlighting the important role of Pd in the Zr-MOF-based hydrogen sensor. The results of the sensing tests carried out in this study highlight the promising potential of the present materials for practical gas monitoring applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae-Hyoung Lee
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea
| | - Trang Thi Thu Nguyen
- Center for Innovative Materials and Architectures (INOMAR), Ho Chi Minh City 721337, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 721337, Viet Nam; Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Science, Ho Chi Minh City 721337, Viet Nam
| | - Linh Ho Thuy Nguyen
- Center for Innovative Materials and Architectures (INOMAR), Ho Chi Minh City 721337, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 721337, Viet Nam
| | - Thang Bach Phan
- Center for Innovative Materials and Architectures (INOMAR), Ho Chi Minh City 721337, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 721337, Viet Nam
| | - Sang Sub Kim
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Inha University, Incheon 22212, Republic of Korea.
| | - Tan Le Hoang Doan
- Center for Innovative Materials and Architectures (INOMAR), Ho Chi Minh City 721337, Viet Nam; Vietnam National University, Ho Chi Minh City 721337, Viet Nam.
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Bigiani L, Zappa D, Maccato C, Gasparotto A, Sada C, Comini E, Barreca D. Hydrogen Gas Sensing Performances of p-Type Mn 3O 4 Nanosystems: The Role of Built-in Mn 3O 4/Ag and Mn 3O 4/SnO 2 Junctions. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10030511. [PMID: 32168937 PMCID: PMC7153470 DOI: 10.3390/nano10030511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Among oxide semiconductors, p-type Mn3O4 systems have been exploited in chemo-resistive sensors for various analytes, but their use in the detection of H2, an important, though flammable, energy vector, has been scarcely investigated. Herein, we report for the first time on the plasma assisted-chemical vapor deposition (PA-CVD) of Mn3O4 nanomaterials, and on their on-top functionalization with Ag and SnO2 by radio frequency (RF)-sputtering, followed by air annealing. The obtained Mn3O4-Ag and Mn3O4-SnO2 nanocomposites were characterized by the occurrence of phase-pure tetragonal α-Mn3O4 (hausmannite) and a controlled Ag and SnO2 dispersion. The system functional properties were tested towards H2 sensing, yielding detection limits of 18 and 11 ppm for Mn3O4-Ag and Mn3O4-SnO2 specimens, three orders of magnitude lower than the H2 explosion threshold. These performances were accompanied by responses up to 25% to 500 ppm H2 at 200 °C, superior to bare Mn3O4, and good selectivity against CH4 and CO2 as potential interferents. A rationale for the observed behavior, based upon the concurrence of built-in Schottky (Mn3O4/Ag) and p-n junctions (Mn3O4/SnO2), and of a direct chemical interplay between the system components, is proposed to discuss the observed activity enhancement, which paves the way to the development of gas monitoring equipments for safety end-uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Bigiani
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Padova University and INSTM, 35131 Padova, Italy; (L.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Dario Zappa
- Sensor Lab, Department of Information Engineering, Brescia University, 25133 Brescia, Italy; (D.Z.); (E.C.)
| | - Chiara Maccato
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Padova University and INSTM, 35131 Padova, Italy; (L.B.); (A.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0498275234
| | - Alberto Gasparotto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Padova University and INSTM, 35131 Padova, Italy; (L.B.); (A.G.)
| | - Cinzia Sada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Padova University and INSTM, 35131 Padova, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Comini
- Sensor Lab, Department of Information Engineering, Brescia University, 25133 Brescia, Italy; (D.Z.); (E.C.)
| | - Davide Barreca
- CNR-ICMATE and INSTM, Department of Chemical Sciences, Padova University, 35131 Padova, Italy;
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Bigiani L, Zappa D, Barreca D, Gasparotto A, Sada C, Tabacchi G, Fois E, Comini E, Maccato C. Sensing Nitrogen Mustard Gas Simulant at the ppb Scale via Selective Dual-Site Activation at Au/Mn 3O 4 Interfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:23692-23700. [PMID: 31252461 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b04875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The efficient detection of chemical warfare agents (CWAs), putting at stake human life and global safety, is of paramount importance in the development of reliable sensing devices for safety applications. Herein, we present the fabrication of Mn3O4-based nanocomposites containing noble metal particles for the gas-phase detection of a simulant of vesicant nitrogen mustard, i.e., di(propylene glycol) monomethyl ether (DPGME). The target materials were fabricated by chemical vapor deposition of manganese oxide on Al2O3 substrates and subsequent functionalization with silver or gold via radio frequency sputtering. The obtained high purity composites, characterized by an intimate metal/oxide contact, yielded an outstanding efficiency in the detection of DPGME. In particular, sensing of the latter analyte with an ultralow detection limit of 0.6 ppb could be performed selectively with respect to other CWA simulants. In addition, the tuneability of selectivity patterns as a function of metal nanoparticle nature paves the way to the development of efficient and selective devices for practical end uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Bigiani
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Padova University and INSTM , Via Marzolo 1 , 35131 Padova , Italy
| | - Dario Zappa
- Sensor Lab, Department of Information Engineering , Brescia University , Via Valotti 9 , 25133 Brescia , Italy
| | - Davide Barreca
- CNR-ICMATE and INSTM, Department of Chemical Sciences , Padova University , Via Marzolo 1 , 35131 Padova , Italy
| | - Alberto Gasparotto
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Padova University and INSTM , Via Marzolo 1 , 35131 Padova , Italy
| | - Cinzia Sada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy , Padova University and INSTM , Via Marzolo 8 , 35131 Padova , Italy
| | - Gloria Tabacchi
- Department of Science and High Technology , Insubria University and INSTM , Via Valleggio 11 , 22100 Como , Italy
| | - Ettore Fois
- Department of Science and High Technology , Insubria University and INSTM , Via Valleggio 11 , 22100 Como , Italy
| | - Elisabetta Comini
- Sensor Lab, Department of Information Engineering , Brescia University , Via Valotti 9 , 25133 Brescia , Italy
| | - Chiara Maccato
- Department of Chemical Sciences , Padova University and INSTM , Via Marzolo 1 , 35131 Padova , Italy
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Maccato C, Bigiani L, Carraro G, Gasparotto A, Sada C, Comini E, Barreca D. Toward the Detection of Poisonous Chemicals and Warfare Agents by Functional Mn 3O 4 Nanosystems. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:12305-12310. [PMID: 29620350 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b01835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The detection of poisonous chemicals and warfare agents, such as acetonitrile and dimethyl methylphosphonate, is of utmost importance for environmental/health protection and public security. In this regard, supported Mn3O4 nanosystems were fabricated by vapor deposition on Al2O3 substrates, and their structure/morphology were characterized as a function of the used growth atmosphere (dry vs. wet O2). Thanks to the high surface and peculiar nano-organization, the target systems displayed attractive functional properties, unprecedented for similar p-type systems, in the detection of the above chemical species. Their good responses, selectivity, and sensitivity pave the way to the fabrication of low-cost and secure sensors for different harmful analytes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Elisabetta Comini
- Sensor Lab, Department of Information Engineering , Brescia University , 25133 Brescia , Italy
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Bigiani L, Barreca D, Gasparotto A, Sada C, Martí-Sanchez S, Arbiol J, Maccato C. Controllable vapor phase fabrication of F:Mn3O4thin films functionalized with Ag and TiO2. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce00387d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The first example of vapor phase fabrication of Mn3O4(hausmannite) thin films chemically modified with fluorine and functionalized with Ag and TiO2, resulting in high purity composites with an intimate constituent contact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorenzo Bigiani
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Padova University and INSTM
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Davide Barreca
- CNR-ICMATE and INSTM
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Padova University
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Alberto Gasparotto
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Padova University and INSTM
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Cinzia Sada
- Department of Physics and Astronomy
- Padova University and INSTM
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
| | - Sara Martí-Sanchez
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)
- CSIC and BIST
- 08193 Barcelona
- Spain
| | - Jordi Arbiol
- Catalan Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology (ICN2)
- CSIC and BIST
- 08193 Barcelona
- Spain
- ICREA
| | - Chiara Maccato
- Department of Chemical Sciences
- Padova University and INSTM
- 35131 Padova
- Italy
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Maccato C, Bigiani L, Carraro G, Gasparotto A, Seraglia R, Kim J, Devi A, Tabacchi G, Fois E, Pace G, Di Noto V, Barreca D. Molecular Engineering of Mn II Diamine Diketonate Precursors for the Vapor Deposition of Manganese Oxide Nanostructures. Chemistry 2017; 23:17954-17963. [PMID: 29164705 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201703423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Molecular engineering of manganese(II) diamine diketonate precursors is a key issue for their use in the vapor deposition of manganese oxide materials. Herein, two closely related β-diketonate diamine MnII adducts with different fluorine contents in the diketonate ligands are examined. The target compounds were synthesized by a simple procedure and, for the first time, thoroughly characterized by a joint experimental-theoretical approach, to understand the influence of the ligand on their structures, electronic properties, thermal behavior, and reactivity. The target compounds are monomeric and exhibit a pseudo-octahedral coordination of the MnII centers, with differences in their structure and fragmentation processes related to the ligand nature. Both complexes can be readily vaporized without premature side decompositions, a favorable feature for their use as precursors for chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or atomic layer deposition applications. Preliminary CVD experiments at moderate growth temperatures enabled the fabrication of high-purity, single-phase Mn3 O4 nanosystems with tailored morphology, which hold great promise for various technological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiara Maccato
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Padova University and INSTM, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Bigiani
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Padova University and INSTM, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Giorgio Carraro
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Padova University and INSTM, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Alberto Gasparotto
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Padova University and INSTM, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Roberta Seraglia
- CNR-ICMATE and INSTM, Department of Chemical Sciences, Padova University, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Jiyeon Kim
- Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Anjana Devi
- Inorganic Materials Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr-University Bochum, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Gloria Tabacchi
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria and INSTM, 22100, Como, Italy
| | - Ettore Fois
- Department of Science and High Technology, University of Insubria and INSTM, 22100, Como, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Pace
- CNR-ICMATE and INSTM, Department of Chemical Sciences, Padova University, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Vito Di Noto
- Department of Industrial Engineering, Chemical Technology Section, Department of Chemical Sciences, Padova University and INSTM, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Davide Barreca
- CNR-ICMATE and INSTM, Department of Chemical Sciences, Padova University, 35131, Padova, Italy
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Electric Conduction Mechanisms Study within Zr Doped Mn 3O 4 Hausmannite Thin Films through an Oxidation Process in Air. Appl Microsc 2017. [DOI: 10.9729/am.2017.47.3.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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