Comparative study between different simple methods manipulating ratio spectra for the analysis of alogliptin and metformin co-formulated with highly different concentrations

An Effective Chromatographic Method for Simultaneous Quantification of Antidiabetic Drugs Alogliptin Benzoate and Pioglitazone HCl in Their Tablet Dosage Form: Implementation to In vitro Dissolution Studies and Uniformity of Dosage Unit

In patients with Type 2 diabetes, a combination of Alogliptin and Pioglitazone medications, together with diet and physical activity, are used to improve glycemic control. Eco-friendly, cost-effective, and precise stability-indicating RP-HPLC method was developed and validated for the identification and quantification of Alogliptin and Pioglitazone in their tablet dosage form, as well as implementation to in vitro dissolution studies and uniformity of dosage unit. Isocratic separation is conducted at ambient temperature on the InertSustain C18 Analytical Column (150 × 4.6 mm, 5 μm) using mobile phase comprising 50 mM of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and 5.0 mM of heptane sulfonic acid:acetonitrile (45:55, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.3 mL/minute. Calibration curves are conducted in the linearity range of 1-40 μg/mL of Alogliptin and 2.5-75 μg/mL of Pioglitazone with a correlation value >0.9995 and satisfactory recovery findings between 99 and 100%. The degraded samples are analyzed under relevant stress conditions as acidity, alkalinity, thermal and oxidation. The active components in finished products were subjected to a content uniformity test, which showed that they achieved the declared claim's acceptance standards (85-115%). Comparative in vitro dissolution studies are performed for generic products Inhibazone 12.5/30 mg FCT and Inhibazone 25/15 mg FCT against innovator products Oseni 12.5/30 mg FCT and Oseni 25/15 mg FCT at suitable FDA dissolution medium and different USP dissolution media and the results are similar. The metrics of the designed method were assessed according to ICH requirements, and all metrics, such as system suitability, linearity, recovery, robustness, LOD, LOQ, specificity and precision, were found to be within required tolerances and no overlapping was found for degradation peaks. Thence, the method can be used in quality control for the analysis of raw material, bulk, finish and stability.

A new strategy for the determination of the antidiabetics alogliptin, saxagliptin and vildagliptin using all-solid state potentiometric sensors

Herein, we report on the development of disposable screen printed carbon, nanostructure thin film Au/Pt and Pt/Pt all-solid state potentiometric sensors for some antidiabetic compounds called glibtins. The electrodes showed excellent calibration curves (1 × 10^-5-1 × 10^-2 M) for alogliptin, saxagliptin and vildagliptin. The electrodes were fully characterized with respect to potential stability, dynamic response time, detection limit, effect of pH and interference according to the IUPAC recommendation. The proposed method is rapid and can be applied for the determination of gliptins at low cost with satisfactory precision (RSD ≤ 1%) and accuracy.

Analysis of Metformin and Five Gliptins in Counterfeit Herbal Products: Designs of Experiment Screening and Optimization

BACKGROUND

Drug counterfeiting is a rising problem due to difficulties with identifying counterfeit drugs and the lack of regulations and legislation in developing countries.

OBJECTIVE

This study aims to develop a robust and economic reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (LC) method for simultaneously determining metformin HCl, vildagliptin, saxagliptin, alogliptin benzoate, sitagliptin phosphate monohydrate, and linagliptin to target counterfeiting.

METHODS

Plackett-Burman (PB) and Box-Behnken (BB) designs were used to screen and optimize the mobile phase composition. Chromatographic separation was carried out on an Inertsil® ODS-3 C18 column with isocratic elution mode and the mobile phase was a mixture of acetonitrile-methanol-ammonium formate buffer, pH 3.5 (25:10:65, v/v/v). This method was applied to analyze synthetic drugs in three traditional Chinese and Indian herbal medicines. To identify the adulterants, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and mass spectrometry (MS) were used on counterfeit herbal medicines.

RESULTS

The developed method is sensitive, simple, rapid, economical, accurate, and highly robust. Student's t-test and variance ratio (F-test at P < 0.05) were used to compare the results statistically with the reference methods.

CONCLUSION

The study found that the analyzed herbal medicines were adulterated with metformin and the quantification of anti-diabetic counterfeits was therefore applied.

HIGHLIGHTS

This study determined counterfeited anti-diabetic drugs in Indian and Chinese traditional herbal medicines(THMs). Design-of-experiment, PB, and BB designs were used. Method validation was also performed in accordance with the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines.

Smart spectrophotometric methods based on normalized spectra for simultaneous determination of alogliptin and metformin in their combined tablets

Alogliptin (ALO) and metformin (MET) are coformulated for the treatment of type II diabetes mellitus. ALO is estimated at its λ_max 277 nm (⁰D), while MET was determined accurately by four spectrophotometric methods with minimum manipulation steps based on normalized division spectrum namely; ratio difference, advanced amplitude modulation, first derivative ratio (¹DD) and mean centering of the ratio spectra spectrophotometric methods. Linearity was acceptable over the concentration ranges of 5-40 and 2-16 μg/mL for ALO and MET, respectively. Accuracy and precision of the suggested methods were found to be within the acceptable limit. The specificity was inspected by analyzing laboratory prepared mixtures of the above drugs and their pharmaceutical preparation. The results of proposed and reported methods were statistically compared showing no significant difference regarding accuracy and precision. The developed methods could be applied for routine analysis of the cited drugs in quality control laboratories.