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Mahdavi B, Ebrahimi S, Farzi GA, Maleki B, Mohammadhosseini M. Ephedra intermedia Schrenk & C. A. Mey Methanol Extract: Nanoencapsulation by Mini-Emulsion Polymerization and its Release Trend under Simulated Conditions of the Human Body. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400033. [PMID: 38488267 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
In this research, the extract of Ephedra intermedia Schrenk & C.A.Mey. was encapsulated using the mini-emulsion polymerization method based on methyl methacrylate polymers with a nanometer size. The encapsulated extract was characterized using different analytical techniques. Furthermore, the loading efficiency and release of the plant extract were examined. FT-IR spectroscopy confirmed the formation of an expectational product. The TEM and SEM imaging showed a spherical morphology for the prepared encapsulated extract. The average size of poly-methyl-methacrylate nanoparticles containing Ephedra extract was found to be approximately 47 nm. The extract loading efficiency and encapsulation efficiency test demonstrated a dose-depending behavior on E. intermedia extract for both analyses, which is highly advantageous for traversing biological barriers. The release assay shows a controlled release for the extract at phosphate buffer solution (PBS). A 38 % release was calculated after 36 hours. The results obtained from the present study reveal that encapsulating the plant extract is a suitable alternative to control and increase their medicinal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Behnam Mahdavi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Sanaz Ebrahimi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Gholam Ali Farzi
- Department of Polymer Science, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Hakim Sabzevari University, Sabzevar, Iran
| | - Behrooz Maleki
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
| | - Majid Mohammadhosseini
- Department of Chemistry, College of Basic Sciences, Shahrood Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrood, Iran
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Gupta S, Acharya U, Thottappali MA, Pištěková H, Morávková Z, Hromádková J, Taboubi O, Pfleger J, Humpolíček P, Bober P. Tuning of Morphological and Antibacterial Properties of Poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene):Peroxodisulfate by Methyl Violet. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3026. [PMID: 37514416 PMCID: PMC10386557 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
This study demonstrates a one-step synthesis of poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) (PEDOT) in the presence of the methyl violet (MV) dye. The structural properties of PEDOT:peroxodisulfate were studied using Raman and MALDI-TOF spectroscopies. The use of the MV dye in the polymerization process resulted in a change in the typical irregular morphology of PEDOT:peroxodisulfate, leading to the formation of spherical patterns. SEM and TEM analyses revealed that increasing the dye concentration can produce larger spherical aggregates probably due to the hydrophobic and π-π interactions. These larger aggregates hindered the charge transport and reduced the electrical conductivity. Interestingly, at higher dye concentrations (0.05 and 0.075 M), the PEDOT:peroxodisulfate/MV films exhibited significantly improved antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Furthermore, the PEDOT:peroxodisulfate films with the incorporated MV dye exhibited a well-defined and repeatable redox behavior. The remarkable amalgamation of their optical, electrochemical and antibacterial properties provides the PEDOT:peroxodisulfate/MV materials with an immensely diverse spectrum of applications, including in optical sensors and medical devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonal Gupta
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Udit Acharya
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | | | - Hana Pištěková
- Centre of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Zuzana Morávková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiřina Hromádková
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Oumayma Taboubi
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Jiří Pfleger
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Humpolíček
- Centre of Polymer Systems, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
- Department of Lipids, Surfactants and Cosmetics Technology, Faculty of Technology, Tomas Bata University in Zlin, 760 01 Zlin, Czech Republic
| | - Patrycja Bober
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, 162 06 Prague, Czech Republic
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Miksa B, Steinke U, Trzeciak K, Sniechowska J, Rozanski A. Thermostable Fluorescent Capsules with the Cross‐Linked Heterocyclic Polymer Shell from Poly(pyrrole‐phenosafranin). MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202000396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Beata Miksa
- Department of Structural Chemistry Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies Polish Academy of Science Sienkiewicza 112 Lodz 90–363 Poland
| | - Urszula Steinke
- Department of Structural Chemistry Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies Polish Academy of Science Sienkiewicza 112 Lodz 90–363 Poland
| | - Katarzyna Trzeciak
- Department of Structural Chemistry Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies Polish Academy of Science Sienkiewicza 112 Lodz 90–363 Poland
| | - Justyna Sniechowska
- Department of Structural Chemistry Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies Polish Academy of Science Sienkiewicza 112 Lodz 90–363 Poland
| | - Artur Rozanski
- Department of Structural Chemistry Centre of Molecular and Macromolecular Studies Polish Academy of Science Sienkiewicza 112 Lodz 90–363 Poland
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Stejskal J. Interaction of conducting polymers, polyaniline and polypyrrole, with organic dyes: polymer morphology control, dye adsorption and photocatalytic decomposition. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-019-00982-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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Demulsification-induced Fast Solidification: a Novel Strategy for Preparation of Polymer Encapsulations. Chem Res Chin Univ 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-019-9167-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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