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Zhu H, Wang L, Li X, Shi J, Scanlon M, Xue S, Nosworthy M, Vafaei N. Canola Seed Protein: Pretreatment, Extraction, Structure, Physicochemical and Functional Characteristics. Foods 2024; 13:1357. [PMID: 38731728 PMCID: PMC11083811 DOI: 10.3390/foods13091357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/13/2024] Open
Abstract
The rapid growth of the global population has led to an unprecedented demand for dietary protein. Canola seeds, being a widely utilized oil resource, generate substantial meal by-products following oil extraction. Fortunately, canola meals are rich in protein. In this present review, foremost attention is directed towards summarizing the characteristics of canola seed and canola seed protein. Afterwards, points of discussion related to pretreatment include an introduction to pulsed electric field treatment (PEF), microwave treatment (MC), and ultrasound treatment (UL). Then, the extraction method is illustrated, including alkaline extraction, isoelectric precipitation, acid precipitation, micellization (salt extraction), and dry fractionation and tribo-electrostatic separation. Finally, the structural complexity, physicochemical properties, and functional capabilities of rapeseed seeds, as well as the profound impact of various applications of rapeseed proteins, are elaborated. Through a narrative review of recent research findings, this paper aims to enhance a comprehensive understanding of the potential of canola seed protein as a valuable nutritional supplement, highlighting the pivotal role played by various extraction methods. Additionally, it sheds light on the broad spectrum of applications where canola protein demonstrates its versatility and indispensability as a resource.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huipeng Zhu
- Nano-Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China (L.W.)
| | - Lu Wang
- Nano-Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China (L.W.)
| | - Xiaoyu Li
- Nano-Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Skate Key Laboratory of Metastable Materials Science and Technology, School of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China (L.W.)
- Guelph Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada; (S.X.)
| | - John Shi
- Guelph Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada; (S.X.)
| | - Martin Scanlon
- Faculty of Agricultural and Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Sophia Xue
- Guelph Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada; (S.X.)
| | - Matthew Nosworthy
- Guelph Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Guelph, ON N1G 5C9, Canada; (S.X.)
| | - Nazanin Vafaei
- Faculty of Agricultural and Food Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
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Abdullah MAM, Gomaa WMS, Hassan RIM, Elaref MY. Growth performance, nutrient digestion, rumen fermentation and blood biochemistry in response to partially replacing cottonseed cake with sesame meal in a lamb feedlot diet. J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl) 2024; 108:243-251. [PMID: 37746672 DOI: 10.1111/jpn.13884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Recently, it is necessary to formulate high-quality, balanced and low-cost rations for ruminants from nontraditional sources. The present study conducted to investigate the impact of partially replacing corticated cottonseed (CS) cake with sesame meal (SM) in a lamb feedlot diet on growth performance, nutrient digestion, rumen fermentation and blood biochemistry. Fifteen growing lambs with an initial body weight of 27.4 ± 1.2 kg (6-7 months old) were randomly assigned into three equal groups (n = 5). Lambs in control group (CS) fed a basal diet, while 8% and 16% SM were used to replace an equal portion of corticated CS cake in the second (8SM) and third (16SM) groups respectively. Results showed that most parameters of growth performance and nutrient digestibility were significantly improved (p < 0.05) with the partial replacement of SM (8SM and/or 16SM). Regarding ruminal parameters, ruminal pH and total volatile fatty acids concentration increased (p < 0.05), while ammonia level and total protozoa count decreased with the partial replacement of SM. Moreover, blood parameters showed variant responses to SM partial replacement. Total protein increased, and glucose decreased significantly with 16SM, while cholesterol showed a significant decreasing with both SM replacement levels. SM may substitute CS cake in lamb diet without detrimental effects on performance, digestibility and ruminal fermentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A M Abdullah
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Walaa M S Gomaa
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Rasha I M Hassan
- Department of Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Y Elaref
- Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt
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Zhang Z, Chang Y, Tang H, Zhao H, Chen X, Tian G, Liu G, Cai J, Jia G. Bio-detoxification of Jatropha curcas L. cake by a soil-borne Mucor circinelloides strain using a zebrafish survival model and solid-state fermentation. J Appl Microbiol 2020; 130:852-864. [PMID: 32816375 DOI: 10.1111/jam.14825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The aims of the study were to (i) improve the evaluation criteria of detoxifying Jatropha curcas L. cake (JCC), (ii) isolate and characterize a JCC tolerant strain, (iii) explore its JCC detoxifying potential. METHODS AND RESULTS The zebrafish was employed as a survival model to screen the strains capable of detoxifying JCC. A strain identified as Mucor circinelloides SCYA25, which is highly capable of degrading all toxic components, was isolated from soil. Different solid-state fermentation parameters were optimized by response surface methodology. The optimal values for inoculation amount, moisture content, temperature, and time were found to be 18% (1·8 × 106 spores g-1 cake), 66%, 26, and 36 days, respectively, to achieve maximum detoxification of the JCC (92%). Under optimal fermentation conditions, the protein content of JCC was increased, while the concentrations of ether extract, crude fiber, toxins, and anti-nutritional substances were all degraded considerably (P < 0·05). Scanning electron microscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer analysis revealed that the fermentation process could disrupt the surface structure and improve the ratio of α-helix to β-folding in the JCC protein, which may improve the digestibility when the detoxified JCC is used as a feedstuff. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicate that M. circinelloides SCYA25 is able to detoxify JCC and improve its nutritional profile, which is beneficial to the safe utilization of JCC as a protein feedstuff. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY The newly identified M. circinelloides SCYA25 detoxified JCC in a safe manner to provide a potential alternative to soybean meal for the feed industry. These results also provide a new perspective and method for the toxicity evaluation and utilization of JCC and similar toxic agricultural by-products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Z Zhang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.,Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Meishan Vocational Technical College, Meishan, China
| | - Y Chang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - H Tang
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - H Zhao
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - X Chen
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - G Tian
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - G Liu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - J Cai
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - G Jia
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
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Gomaa WMS, Zhang X, Deng H, Peng Q, Mosaad GM, Zhang H, Yu P. Vibrational spectroscopic study on feed molecular structure properties of oil-seeds and co-products from Canadian and Chinese bio-processing and relationship with protein and carbohydrate degradation fractions in ruminant systems. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 216:249-257. [PMID: 30904632 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2019] [Revised: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to apply ATR-FTIR spectroscopy to reveal feed molecular structure properties of oil-seeds and co-products and relationship with protein and carbohydrate degradation fractions in ruminant systems. The oil-seeds and co-products were from both various bio-processing industries in Canada and China. The protein and carbohydrate degradation fractions were evaluated with updated CNCPS system. Results showed that in the co-products from canola processing industries there are strong relationship between 1) soluble true protein (PA2) fraction and the following protein molecular structure spectral characteristics; spectral peak area of amide I and amide II (r = 0.56, P = 0.001), area of amide I (r = 0.67, P < 0.001), height of amide I (r = 0.74, P < 0.001), amide I and II ratio (r = 0.57, P = 0.001), α-helix (r = 0.82, P < 0.001), and β-sheet (r = 0.61, P < 0.001), 2) slowly degradable true protein (PB2) fraction and height of amide I (r = -0.60, P = 0.001), α-helix (r = -0.72, P < 0.001), and β-sheet (r = -0.51, P = 0.004), 3) soluble fiber (CB2) fraction and α-helix and β-sheet height ratio (r = -0.63, P < 0.001), and 4) unavailable NDF (CC) fraction and height of amide I (r = 0.55, P = 0.002). These results indicated feed molecular structure spectral properties of the oil-seeds and co-products related to CNCPS protein and carbohydrate degradation fractions in ruminant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- W M S Gomaa
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China; Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Tianjin Agricultural University, China; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt; Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, China; College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, China
| | - X Zhang
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China; Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Tianjin Agricultural University, China; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt; Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, China; College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, China
| | - H Deng
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China; Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Tianjin Agricultural University, China; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt; Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, China; College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, China
| | - Q Peng
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China; Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Tianjin Agricultural University, China; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt; Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, China; College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, China
| | - G M Mosaad
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China; Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Tianjin Agricultural University, China; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt; Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, China; College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, China
| | - H Zhang
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China; Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Tianjin Agricultural University, China; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt; Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, China; College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, China
| | - P Yu
- Henan University of Animal Husbandry and Economy, Zhengzhou, China; Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada; Tianjin Agricultural University, China; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt; Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, China; College of Life Science and Engineering, Foshan University, China.
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