Synthesis, molecular properties and comparative docking and QSAR of new 2-(7-hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)acetic acid derivatives as possible anticancer agents

Protective effects of taurine on heat Stress-Induced cognitive impairment through Npas4 and Lcn2

Heat stress (HS) induces various pathophysiological responses in the brain, encompassing neuroinflammation and cognitive impairments. Although taurine has been reported to possess anti-inflammatory and cognitive-enhancing properties, its role and mechanisms in HS-induced cognitive impairment remain unclear. This study supplemented mice exposed to HS with taurine to assess its effect on cognitive function in a HS-induced mouse model. The results revealed that taurine ameliorated cognitive deficits following HS in mice and mitigated HS-induced astrocyte and microglia activation as well as blood-brain barrier (BBB) damage in the hippocampus. Mechanistically, Mechanistically, transcriptome sequencing was employed to identify that taurine regulates neuronal PAS domain protein (Npas4) and lipocalin 2 (Lcn2) during HS. Taurine was found to modulate hippocampal inflammation and influence cognitive function by upregulating Npas4 and downregulating Lcn2 after HS. Subsequently, molecular docking and AnimalTFDB database calculations were conducted, revealing that taurine might regulate the expression of Npas4 and Lcn2 by modulating the regulatory transcription factors (TFs) RE1 silencing transcription factor (REST) and nuclear factor of kappa light polypeptide gene enhancer in B-cells 1 (NFKB1). Our findings demonstrate that taurine enhances the recovery of cognitive function through Npas4 and Lcn2 following HS, providing a theoretical basis for the clinical application of taurine in preventing or treating HS-induced cognitive impairment.

Selective COX-2 inhibitors as anticancer agents: a patent review (2018-2023)

INTRODUCTION

COX-2 is a crucial enzyme in the manufacture of prostaglandins. The enzyme's metabolites might have an important function as regulators of the inflammatory response and other medical conditions such as cancer. Selective COX-2 inhibitors are believed to enhance or reverse the response of cancer chemotherapeutics.

AREAS COVERED

This study addresses the chemical structures as well as the antitumor activity of new COX-2 inhibitors produced in the recent five years, aiming to provide an insight into the mechanism of COX-2 induced PGE2 powerful signal in cancer development.

EXPERT OPINION

The significance of selective COX-2 inhibitors as an efficient superfamily of compounds with anti-inflammatory, anti-Alzheimer's, anti-Parkinson's disease, and anticancer properties has piqued the passion of academics in the field of drug development. Long-term usage of selective COX-2 inhibitors, such as celecoxib has been proven in clinical trials to lower the incidence of several human malignancies. Furthermore, celecoxib has the potential to greatly increase the effectiveness of chemotherapy. Our extensive understanding of selective COX-2 inhibitor SAR may aid in the development of safer and more effective selective COX-2 inhibitors as cancer chemopreventive agents. This review focuses on the different structural classes of selective COX-2 inhibitors, with a particular emphasis on their SAR.

In silico analysis of potential inhibitors for breast cancer targeting 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (17beta-HSD1) catalyses

Breast cancer (BC) is still one of the major issues in world health, especially for women, which necessitates innovative therapeutic strategies. In this study, we investigated the efficacy of retinoic acid derivatives as inhibitors of 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (17beta-HSD1), which plays a crucial role in the biosynthesis and metabolism of oestrogen and thereby influences the progression of BC and, the main objective of this investigation is to identify the possible drug candidate against BC through computational drug design approach including PASS prediction, molecular docking, ADMET profiling, molecular dynamics simulations (MD) and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The result has reported that total eight derivatives with high binding affinity and promising pharmacokinetic properties among 115 derivatives. In particular, ligands 04 and 07 exhibited a higher binding affinity with values of -9.9 kcal/mol and -9.1 kcal/mol, respectively, than the standard drug epirubicin hydrochloride, which had a binding affinity of -8.2 kcal/mol. The stability of the ligand-protein complexes was further confirmed by MD simulations over a 100-ns trajectory, which included assessments of hydrogen bonds, root mean square deviation (RMSD), root mean square Fluctuation (RMSF), dynamic cross-correlation matric (DCCM) and principal component analysis. The study emphasizes the need for experimental validation to confirm the therapeutic utility of these compounds. This study enhances the computational search for new BC drugs and establishes a solid foundation for subsequent experimental and clinical research.

Injectable Ozone-Rich Nanocomposite Hydrogel Loaded with D-Mannose for Anti-Inflammatory and Cartilage Protection in Osteoarthritis Treatment

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a dynamic condition characterized by cartilage damage and synovial inflammation. Ozone (O3) shows potential therapeutic effects owing to its anti-inflammatory properties; however, its high reactivity and short half-life substantially limit its effectiveness in OA treatment. In this study, an ozone-rich thermosensitive nanocomposite hydrogel loaded with D-mannose is developed for OA treatment. Briefly, O3 is encapsulated in nanoparticles (NPs) composed of perfluorotributylamine and fluorinated hyaluronic acid to improve its stability. Next, D-mannose is conjugated with α-amino of the hydroxypropyl chitin (HPCH) via Schiff base to prepare MHPCH. These nanoparticles are encapsulated in MHPCH to produce O3 NPs@MHPCH. In vitro cell experiments demonstrate that the O3 NPs@MHPCH treatment significantly reduced VEGF and inflammation levels, accompanied by a decrease in inflammatory factors such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and iNOS. Furthermore, O3 NPs@MHPCH promotes the expression of collagen II and aggrecan and stimulates chondrocyte proliferation. Additionally, in vivo studies show that O3 NPs@MHPCH significantly alleviated OA by reducing synovial inflammation, cartilage destruction, and subchondral bone remodeling. O3 NPs@MHPCH offers a promising option for improving the efficacy of O3 therapy and reducing the risk of synovial inflammation and cartilage degeneration in OA.

Synthesis and evaluation of coumarin derivatives on antioxidative, tyrosinase inhibitory activities, melanogenesis, and in silico investigations

New coumarin derivatives were designed using a 2-(2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)acetic acid scaffold conjugated with amino acid esters or tyramine. The anti-tyrosinase and anti-lipid peroxidation activities of the synthesized compounds were investigated. Coumarin derivatives 7,9, 11-13, 15-18 showed strong anti-lipid peroxidation activity. Compound 13 exhibited uncompetitive tyrosinase inhibitory activity with an IC50 value of 68.86 µM. Compound 14 (% activity = 123.41) showed stronger tyrosinase activating activity than 8-methoxypsolaren (8-MOP, % activity = 109.46). In silico studies revealed different poses between the inhibitors and activators near the tyrosinase catalytic site. Compounds 13 (25-50 μM) and 14 (25-100 μM) did not show cytotoxicity against B16F10 cells. In contrast to the tyrosinase inhibition assay, compound 13 (50 μM) suppressed melanogenesis in B16F10 cells with two times higher potency than KA (100 μM). Compound 14 at 100 μM showed melanogenesis enhancement in B16F10 cells in a dose-dependent manner, however, inferior to the 8-MOP. Based on the findings, compound 13 and 14 offer potential for development as skin-lightening agents and vitiligo therapy agents, respectively.

In-vitro and computational analysis of Urolithin-A for anti-inflammatory activity on Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2)

Cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) participates in the inflammation process by converting arachidonic acid into prostaglandin G2 which increases inflammation, pain and fever. COX-2 has an active site and a heme pocket and blocking these sites stops the inflammation. Urolithin A is metabolite of ellagitannin produced from humans and animals gut microbes. In the current study, Urolithin A showed good pharmacokinetic properties. Molecular docking of the complex of Urolithin A and COX-2 revealed the ligand affinity of -7.97 kcal/mol with the ligand binding sites at TYR355, PHE518, ILE517 and GLN192 with the 4-H bonds at a distance of 2.8 Å, 2.3 Å, 2.5 Å and 1.9 Å. The RMSD plot for Urolithin A and COX-2 complex was observed to be constant throughout the duration of dynamics. A total of 3 pair of hydrogen bonds was largely observed on average of 3 simulation positions for dynamics duration of 500 ns. The MMPBSA analysis showed that active site amino acids had a binding energy of -22.0368 kJ/mol indicating that throughout the simulation the protein of target was bounded by Urolithin A. In-silico results were validated by biological assays. Urolithin A strongly revealed to exhibit anti-inflammatory effect on COX-2 with an IC50 value of 44.04 µg/mL. The anti-inflammatory capability was also depicted through reduction of protein denaturation that showed 37.6 ± 0.1 % and 43.2 ± 0.07 % reduction of protein denaturation for BSA and egg albumin respectively at 500 µg/mL. The present study, suggests Urolithin A to be an effective anti-inflammatory compound for therapeutic use.

Pushen capsule treatment promotes functional recovery after ischemic stroke

BACKGROUND

As a leading cause of long-term disability, ischemic stroke urgently needs further research and drug development. Pushen capsule (Pushen) has been commonly applied in clinical treatment for relieving headaches, dizziness, and numbness. However, the effects of Pushen on ischemic stroke have not been revealed yet.

PURPOSE

To assess the efficiency of Pushen in ischemic stroke and identify its potential therapeutic targets and active ingredients for treating ischemic stroke.

STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS

Behavioural experiments, Triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining, Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and immunofluorescence staining were performed to examine the efficiency of Pushen in stroke model mice. The potential mechanism and active ingredients of Pushen were assessed by transcriptome, 16S rDNA sequencing, metabonomics, and network pharmacology. Finally, the targets were validated by RT-PCR, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP), ELISA, and molecular docking methods.

RESULTS

Pushen had several effects on stroke model mice, including reducing the infarct volume, improving the blood‒brain barrier (BBB), and promoting functional restoration. Furthermore, the network pharmacology, LC-MS/MS, and molecular docking results revealed that tricin, quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol, and physcion were identified as the key active ingredients in Pushen that treated ischemic stroke. Mechanistically, these key ingredients could bind with the transcription factor c-Myc and thereby regulate the expression of Adora2a, Drd2, and Ppp1r1b, which are enriched in the cAMP signaling pathway. Additionally, Pushen improved the gut microbiota dysbiosis and reduced inosine levels in feces and serum, thereby reducing Adora2a expression in the brain.

CONCLUSIONS

Our study confirmed that Pushen was effective for treating ischemic stroke and has promising clinical applications.

Synthesis, Characterization, and DFT-Based Electronic and Nonlinear Optical Properties of Methyl 1-(arylsulfonyl)-2-aryl-1H-benzo[d]imidazole-6-carboxylates

Herein, a series of N-1-sulfonyl substituted derivatives of 2-substituted benzimidazoles (2a-2e) were designed and synthesized via structural tailoring of the acceptor part of donor-π-acceptor schemes, and their nonlinear optic (NLO) characteristics were reported. The structures of 2a-2e were investigated and their characterization was accomplished by employing spectroscopic procedures, i.e., UV-vis, FT-IR, and ¹H and ¹³C NMR. Further, a density functional theory (DFT) approach was used to calculate UV-vis, vibrational, and ¹H and ¹³C NMR techniques; frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs); global reactivity parameters (GRPs); natural bond orbitals (NBOs); optical and vibrational analysis; and nonlinear optics (NLO). The most promising results were obtained for 6-nitro-2-(4-nitrophenyl)-1-(4-nitrophenylsulfonyl)-1H-benzo[d]imidazole among entitled compounds, as it exhibited the highest ⟨α⟩ and β_tot values, showing it is an eye-catching NLO material. This DFT study evokes the interest of researchers regarding the development of benzimidazole-based tempting NLO compounds that could be beneficial in modern hi-tech applications.

Detecting Key Functional Components Group and Speculating the Potential Mechanism of Xiao-Xu-Ming Decoction in Treating Stroke

Stroke is a cerebrovascular event with cerebral blood flow interruption which is caused by occlusion or bursting of cerebral vessels. At present, the main methods in treating stroke are surgical treatment, statins, and recombinant tissue-type plasminogen activator (rt-PA). Relatively, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has widely been used at clinical level in China and some countries in Asia. Xiao-Xu-Ming decoction (XXMD) is a classical and widely used prescription in treating stroke in China. However, the material basis of effect and the action principle of XXMD are still not clear. To solve this issue, we designed a new system pharmacology strategy that combined targets of XXMD and the pathogenetic genes of stroke to construct a functional response space (FRS). The effective proteins from this space were determined by using a novel node importance calculation method, and then the key functional components group (KFCG) that could mediate the effective proteins was selected based on the dynamic programming strategy. The results showed that enriched pathways of effective proteins selected from FRS could cover 99.10% of enriched pathways of reference targets, which were defined by overlapping of component targets and pathogenetic genes. Targets of optimized KFCG with 56 components can be enriched into 166 pathways that covered 80.43% of 138 pathways of 1,012 pathogenetic genes. A component potential effect score (PES) calculation model was constructed to calculate the comprehensive effective score of components in the components-targets-pathways (C-T-P) network of KFCGs, and showed that ferulic acid, zingerone, and vanillic acid had the highest PESs. Prediction and docking simulations show that these components can affect stroke synergistically through genes such as MEK, NFκB, and PI3K in PI3K-Akt, cAMP, and MAPK cascade signals. Finally, ferulic acid, zingerone, and vanillic acid were tested to be protective for PC12 cells and HT22 cells in increasing cell viabilities after oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD). Our proposed strategy could improve the accuracy on decoding KFCGs of XXMD and provide a methodologic reference for the optimization, mechanism analysis, and secondary development of the formula in TCM.

Detecting Critical Functional Ingredients Group and Mechanism of Xuebijing Injection in Treating Sepsis

Sepsis is a systemic inflammatory reaction caused by various infectious or noninfectious factors, which can lead to shock, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and death. It is one of the common complications and a main cause of death in critically ill patients. At present, the treatments of sepsis are mainly focused on the controlling of inflammatory response and reduction of various organ function damage, including anti-infection, hormones, mechanical ventilation, nutritional support, and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). Among them, Xuebijing injection (XBJI) is an important derivative of TCM, which is widely used in clinical research. However, the molecular mechanism of XBJI on sepsis is still not clear. The mechanism of treatment of "bacteria, poison and inflammation" and the effects of multi-ingredient, multi-target, and multi-pathway have still not been clarified. For solving this issue, we designed a new systems pharmacology strategy which combines target genes of XBJI and the pathogenetic genes of sepsis to construct functional response space (FRS). The key response proteins in the FRS were determined by using a novel node importance calculation method and were condensed by a dynamic programming strategy to conduct the critical functional ingredients group (CFIG). The results showed that enriched pathways of key response proteins selected from FRS could cover 95.83% of the enriched pathways of reference targets, which were defined as the intersections of ingredient targets and pathogenetic genes. The targets of the optimized CFIG with 60 ingredients could be enriched into 182 pathways which covered 81.58% of 152 pathways of 1,606 pathogenetic genes. The prediction of CFIG targets showed that the CFIG of XBJI could affect sepsis synergistically through genes such as TAK1, TNF-α, IL-1β, and MEK1 in the pathways of MAPK, NF-κB, PI3K-AKT, Toll-like receptor, and tumor necrosis factor signaling. Finally, the effects of apigenin, baicalein, and luteolin were evaluated by in vitro experiments and were proved to be effective in reducing the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, significantly. These results indicate that the novel integrative model can promote reliability and accuracy on depicting the CFIGs in XBJI and figure out a methodological coordinate for simplicity, mechanism analysis, and secondary development of formulas in TCM.

Discovery Potent of Thiazolidinedione Derivatives as Antioxidant, α-Amylase Inhibitor, and Antidiabetic Agent

This work aimed to synthesize safe antihyperglycemic derivatives bearing thiazolidinedione fragment based on spectral data. The DFT theory discussed the frontier molecular orbitals (FMOs), chemical reactivity of compounds, and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) to explain interaction between thiazolidinediones and the biological receptor. α-amylase is known as the initiator-hydrolysis of the of polysaccharides; therefore, developing α-amylase inhibitors can open the way for a potential diabetes mellitus drug. The molecular docking simulation was performed into the active site of PPAR-γ and α-amylase. We evaluated in vitro α-amylase's potency and radical scavenging ability. The compound 6 has the highest potency against α-amylase and radical scavenging compared to the reference drug and other members. They have been applied against anti-diabetic and anti-hyperlipidemic activity (in vivo) based on an alloxan-induced diabetic rat model during a 30-day treatment protocol. The most potent anti hyperglycemic members are 6 and 11 with reduction percentage of blood glucose level by 69.55% and 66.95%, respectively; compared with the normal control. Other members exhibited moderate to low anti-diabetic potency. All compounds showed a normal value against the tested biochemical parameters (CH, LDL, and HDL). The ADMET profile showed good oral bioavailability without any observed carcinogenesis effect.

A System Pharmacology Model for Decoding the Synergistic Mechanisms of Compound Kushen Injection in Treating Breast Cancer

Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most common malignant tumors among women worldwide and can be treated using various methods; however, side effects of these treatments cannot be ignored. Increasing evidence indicates that compound kushen injection (CKI) can be used to treat BC. However, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is characterized by “multi-components” and “multi-targets”, which make it challenging to clarify the potential therapeutic mechanisms of CKI on BC. Herein, we designed a novel system pharmacology strategy using differentially expressed gene analysis, pharmacokinetics synthesis screening, target identification, network analysis, and docking validation to construct the synergy contribution degree (SCD) and therapeutic response index (TRI) model to capture the critical components responding to synergistic mechanisms of CKI in BC. Through our designed mathematical models, we defined 24 components as a high contribution group of synergistic components (HCGSC) from 113 potentially active components of CKI based on ADME parameters. Pathway enrichment analysis of HCGSC targets indicated that Rhizoma Heterosmilacis and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis could synergistically target the PI3K-Akt signaling pathway and the cAMP signaling pathway to treat BC. Additionally, TRI analysis showed that the average affinity of HCGSC and targets involved in the key pathways reached -6.47 kcal/mmol, while in vitro experiments proved that two of the three high TRI-scored components in the HCGSC showed significant inhibitory effects on breast cancer cell proliferation and migration. These results demonstrate the accuracy and reliability of the proposed strategy.

Naproxen Based 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives as EGFR Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, Anticancer, and Computational Studies

A library of novel naproxen based 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives (8-16 and 19-26) has been synthesized and screened for cytotoxicity as EGFR inhibitors. Among the synthesized hybrids, compound2-(4-((5-((S)-1-(2-methoxynaphthalen-6-yl)ethyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-ylthio)methyl)-1H-1,2,3-triazol-1-yl)phenol(15) was the most potent compound against MCF-7 and HepG2cancer cells with IC50 of 2.13 and 1.63 µg/mL, respectively, and was equipotent to doxorubicin (IC50 1.62 µg/mL) towards HepG2. Furthermore, compound 15 inhibited EGFR kinase with IC50 0.41 μM compared to standard drug Erlotinib (IC50 0.30 μM). The active compound induces a high percentage of necrosis towards MCF-7, HePG2 and HCT 116 cells. The docking studies, DFT and MEP also supported the biological data. These results demonstrated that these synthesized naproxen hybrids have EGFR inhibition effects and can be used as leads for cancer therapy.

Computer-Aided Drug Design Applied to Secondary Metabolites as Anticancer Agents

Computer-Aided Drug Design (CADD) techniques have garnered a great deal of attention in academia and industry because of their great versatility, low costs, possibilities of cost reduction in in vitro screening and in the development of synthetic steps; these techniques are compared with highthroughput screening, in particular for candidate drugs. The secondary metabolism of plants and other organisms provide substantial amounts of new chemical structures, many of which have numerous biological and pharmacological properties for virtually every existing disease, including cancer. In oncology, compounds such as vimblastine, vincristine, taxol, podophyllotoxin, captothecin and cytarabine are examples of how important natural products enhance the cancer-fighting therapeutic arsenal. In this context, this review presents an update of Ligand-Based Drug Design and Structure-Based Drug Design techniques applied to flavonoids, alkaloids and coumarins in the search of new compounds or fragments that can be used in oncology. A systematical search using various databases was performed. The search was limited to articles published in the last 10 years. The great diversity of chemical structures (coumarin, flavonoids and alkaloids) with cancer properties, associated with infinite synthetic possibilities for obtaining analogous compounds, creates a huge chemical environment with potential to be explored, and creates a major difficulty, for screening studies to select compounds with more promising activity for a selected target. CADD techniques appear to be the least expensive and most efficient alternatives to perform virtual screening studies, aiming to selected compounds with better activity profiles and better "drugability".

Nα-1, 3-Benzenedicarbonyl-Bis-(Amino Acid) and Dipeptide Candidates: Synthesis, Cytotoxic, Antimicrobial and Molecular Docking Investigation

Purpose

The objective of our work was to prepare a potent and safe antimicrobial and anticancer agents, through synthesis of several peptides and examine their biological activities, namely as, cytotoxically potent and antimicrobial and antifungal agents.

Introduction

Multidrug-resistant microbial strains have arisen against all antibiotics in clinical use. Infections caused by these bacteria threaten global public health and are associated with high mortality rates.

Methods

The main backbone structure for the novel synthesized linear peptide is Nα-1, 3-benzenedicarbonyl-bis-(Amino acids)-X, (3–11). A computational docking study against DNA gyrase was performed to formulate a mode of action of the small compounds as antimicrobial agents.

Results

The peptide-bearing methionine-ester (4) exhibited potent antimicrobial activity compared to the other synthesized compounds, while, peptide (8), which had methionine-hydrazide fragment was the most potent as antifungal agent against Aspergillus niger with 100% inhibition percent. Compounds (6 and 7) showed the highest potency against breast human tumor cell line “MCF-7” with 95.1% and 79.8% of cell inhibition, respectively. The nine compounds possessed weak to moderate antiproliferative effect over colon tumor cell line. The docking results suggest good fitting through different hydrogen bond interactions with the protein residues. In silico ADMET study also evaluated and suggested that these compounds had promising oral bioavailability features.

Conclusion

The tested compounds need further modification to have significant antimicrobial and antitumor efficacy compared to the reference drugs.

Synthesis, Cytotoxic Activity, Crystal Structure, DFT Studies and Molecular Docking of 3-Amino-1-(2,5-dichlorophenyl)-8-methoxy-1H-benzo[f]chromene-2-carbonitrile

The target compound 3-amino-1-(2,5-d ichlorophenyl)-8-methoxy-1H-benzo[f]-chromene-2-carbonitrile (4) was synthesized via a reaction of 6-methoxynaphthalen-2-ol (1), 2,5-dichlorobenzaldehyde (2), and malononitrile (3) in ethanolic piperidine solution under microwave irradiation. The newly synthesized β-enaminonitrile was characterized by FT-IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, mass spectroscopy, elemental analysis and X-ray diffraction data. Its cytotoxic activity was evaluated against three different human cancer cell lines MDA-MB-231, A549, and MIA PaCa-2 in comparison to the positive controls etoposide and camptothecin employing the XTT cell viability assay. The analysis of the Hirshfeld surface was utilized to visualize the reliability of the crystal package. The obtained results confirmed that the tested molecule revealed promising cytotoxic activities against the three cancer cell lines. Furthermore, theoretical calculations (DFT) were carried out with the Becke3-Lee-Yang-parr (B3LYP) level using 6-311++G(d,p) basis. The optimization geometry for molecular structures was in agreement with the X-ray structure data. The HOMO-LUMO energy gap of the studied system was discussed. The intermolecular-interactions were studied through analysis of the topological-electron-density(r) using the QTAIM and NCI methods. The novel compound exhibited favorable ADMET properties and its molecular modeling analysis showed strong interaction with DNA methyltransferase 1.

Coumarin Sulfonamides and Amides Derivatives: Design, Synthesis, and Antitumor Activity In Vitro

Coumarins possesses immeasurable antitumor potential with minimum side effects depending on the substitutions on the basic nucleus, which exhibits great prospects for antitumor drug development. In an attempt to develop novel antitumor candidates, a series of coumarin sulfonamides and amides derivatives were designed and synthetized. The majority of these derivatives showed good cytotoxic activity against MDA-MB-231 and KB cell lines, among which compound 9c was the most potent against MDA-MB-231 cells, with IC₅₀ value of 9.33 μM, comparable to 5-fluorouracil. Further investigation revealed that compound 9c had versatile properties against tumors, including inhibition of cell migration and invasion as well as inducing apoptosis. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) assay and western blotting analysis suggested that compound 9c promoted cancer cell apoptosis by increasing ROS levels and upregulating the expression of caspase-3 in MDA-MB-231 cells. These results indicated that compound 9c could be promising lead compound for further antitumor drug research.