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Nabil M, Marzouk HM, Ahmed DA, Abbas SS, Lotfy HM. Risk assessment based on spectrophotometric signals used in eco-friendly analytical scenarios for estimation of carvedilol and hydrochlorothiazide in pharmaceutical formulation. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19657. [PMID: 39179633 PMCID: PMC11343851 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-69746-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 08/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Special attention is given to the pharmacological treatment of combined medication of Carvedilol and hydrochlorothiazide which is the most effective and the most beneficial therapy for hypertensive patients with diabetes and various metabolic comorbidities. This work represents spectrophotometric platform scenarios based on factorized spectrum (FS) using interpoint data difference resolution scenarios (IDDRS) coupled with spectrum subtraction method (SS) for the concurrent quantification of carvedilol (CAR) and hydrochlorothiazide (HCT) when present together in a combination without the need for any initial physical separation steps. This IDD resolution scenario based on manipulating the zero-order spectra (D0) of both drugs in the mixture with various spectral features at different wavelength regions (200-400 nm), region I (220-250 nm), region II (240-300 nm) and region III (270-320 nm) via absorbance resolution (AR) and induced absorbance resolution (IAR) methods coupled with corresponding spectrum subtraction (SS). The calibration curves were established across the linearity ranges of 2.0-12.0 µg/mL at 242.50 nm and 4.0-40.0 µg/mL at 285.5 nm for CAR and 1.0-11.0 µg/mL at 226.10 nm and 2.0-20.0 µg/mL at 270.5 nm for HCT. Moreover, methods' validation was confirmed via ICH guidelines. A Multicenter comparison between sensitivity, specificity in respect resolution sequence were applied using different wavelength regions with various concentration ranges was applied and finally spectral resolution recommendation is issued and cumulative validation score (CVS) is calculated as an indicator in the risk analysis. In quality control laboratories, the studied approaches are applicable for conducting analysis on the mentioned drugs. In addition, the selection of spectrophotometry aligns with the principles of green analytical chemistry, an approach that resonates with the overarching theme of minimizing environmental impact. Via four metric tools named: analytical greenness (AGREE), green analytical procedure index (GAPI), analytical eco-scale, and national environmental method index (NEMI), methods' greenness profile was guaranteed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Nabil
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Hoda M Marzouk
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, El-Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Dina A Ahmed
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
| | - Samah S Abbas
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, El-Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Hayam M Lotfy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, 11835, Egypt
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2
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Habeeb MR, Morshedy SM, Daabees HG, Elonsy SM. Whiteness and greenness assessments of a sensitive HPLC method with fluorimetric detection for dapagliflozin quantitation in human plasma: Application to a healthy human volunteer. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024:e2400313. [PMID: 38943448 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/31/2024] [Accepted: 06/05/2024] [Indexed: 07/01/2024]
Abstract
The evident ecological impact of human actions, like air pollution, global warming, and ozone depletion, underscores the need for environmentally friendly approaches across various domains, including analytical chemistry. This study aimed to establish a validated, eco-friendly, and sustainable approach utilizing a fluorescence detector coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography for quantifying the antihyperglycemic agent dapagliflozin (DAPA), in human plasma. This method employed a C18 Microsorb MV (4.5 × 250 mm, 5 μm [particle size]) column at 40°C, with 40:60% v/v isocratic elution of acetonitrile and (0.1%) orthophosphoric acid as the mobile phase at 1 mL/min flow rate. DAPA and the internal standard demonstrated their greatest response by performing excitation at 225 nm (λex) and recording chromatograms at an emission wavelength (λem) equal to 305 nm. The presented approach demonstrated high linearity between 50 and 2000 ng/mL and full adherence to the guidelines of the US Food and Drug Administration regarding the validation of bioanalytical methods. The described technique was effectively used for quantification of DAPA in human plasma samples from a healthy male participant who received a tablet of 10 mg DAPA. Analytical Eco-Scale, Analytical GREEnness metric, and the recently created ChlorTox Scale were utilized for greenness assessment. Additionally, the "Red, Green, and Blue 12" model was used in whiteness evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maha R Habeeb
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Samir M Morshedy
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Hoda G Daabees
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
| | - Sohila M Elonsy
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Damanhour University, Damanhour, Egypt
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Abdullatif HA, Abdelkawy M, Kamal M, Fahmy NM. Utilizing two different sustainable and green spectrophotometric approaches using derivative ratio spectra for the determination of a ternary severely overlapped mixture: application to veterinary formulation. BMC Chem 2024; 18:118. [PMID: 38926795 PMCID: PMC11209959 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-024-01220-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Mathematical manipulation technique has proven to be a very powerful tool for efficient processing and handling of highly overlapped spectra. This work introduced two green and sustainable approaches for the successful recovery of the ternary mixture, Tylosin tartarate (TYL), Sulfadimdine (SLD), and Trimethoprim (TRI). The approaches were constructed using three different methods, derivative ratio spectrum zero-crossing method (DRSZ), double divisor ratio spectra derivative method (DDRD), and factorized derivative ratio method coupled with spectrum subtraction (FDRM-SS). The two approaches succeeded in recovering the three drugs (Linearity range achieved were 0.5-5 µg/mL for TYL, 0.3-1.3 µg/mL for SLD, and 0.3-5 µg/mL for TRI), giving convenient standard deviations and satisfactory recovery percentages. The recommended methods have been verified in accordance with (ICH) guidelines. When the results were statistically compared to the official methods, no significant difference was found. Both AGREE-Analytical GREEnness Metric Approach and Software, and White Analytical Chemistry (WAC) RGB model gave scores of 0.93 and 97.2%, respectively, which proved that the approaches were eco-friendly and abiding by the sustainability principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hind A Abdullatif
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohammed Abdelkawy
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Maha Kamal
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nesma M Fahmy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Cairo, Egypt
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Mustafa MS, Mohammad NN, Radha FH, Kayani KF, Ghareeb HO, Mohammed SJ. Eco-friendly spectrophotometric methods for concurrent analysis of phenol, 2-aminophenol, and 4-aminophenol in ternary mixtures and water samples: assessment of environmental sustainability. RSC Adv 2024; 14:16045-16055. [PMID: 38765477 PMCID: PMC11100304 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra01094a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Recently, there has been a high demand for green procedures in analytical chemistry, particularly those utilizing eco-friendly solvents. In this context, three feasible derivative UV spectrophotometric methods namely, derivative ratio-zero crossing spectra (DRZCS), double divisor ratio spectra (DDRS), and successive derivative subtraction coupled with constant multiplication (SDS-CM) were developed to quantify a ternary mixture of phenol (P), 2-aminophenol (2-AP), and 4-aminophenol (4-AP) in real water samples simultaneously, using ethanol as a solvent. The established methods demonstrated a good linear range, covering 2-60 μg mL-1 for P and 2-50 μg mL-1 for 2-AP and 4-AP, in all approaches with a high correlation coefficient (R2 ≥ 0.9995). In compliance with ICH guidelines, the methods exhibited acceptable precision and accuracy, as indicated by good spike recovery with low relative standard deviations. The eco-friendliness of the UV spectrophotometric approach was assessed using analytical eco-scale (AES), analytical greenness (AGREE), and analytical greenness metrics for sample preparation (AGREEprep). These evaluations confirmed the eco-friendliness of the proposed methods in terms of solvents, energy consumption, and waste generation. The proposed procedure proved to be efficient in quantifying each component in laboratory-synthesized mixtures and real water samples, thanks to its simplicity, accuracy, sensitivity, and cost-effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad S Mustafa
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani Qliasan St Sulaymaniyah City Kurdistan Region 46002 Iraq
| | - Nian N Mohammad
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani Qliasan St Sulaymaniyah City Kurdistan Region 46002 Iraq
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Science, Komar University of Science and Technology Sulaimani City Kurdistan Region Iraq
| | - Fuad H Radha
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani Qliasan St Sulaymaniyah City Kurdistan Region 46002 Iraq
| | - Kawan F Kayani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani Qliasan St Sulaymaniyah City Kurdistan Region 46002 Iraq
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Charmo University Peshawa Street, Chamchamal Sulaymaniyah City 46023 Iraq
- Department of Pharmacy, Kurdistan Technical Institute Sulaymaniyah City Iraq
| | - Hewa O Ghareeb
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Sulaimani Qliasan St Sulaymaniyah City Kurdistan Region 46002 Iraq
| | - Sewara J Mohammed
- Anesthesia Department, College of Health Sciences, Cihan University Sulaimaniya Sulaimaniya Kurdistan Region 46001 Iraq
- Research and Development Center, University of Sulaimani, Kurdistan Regional Government Qlyasan Street Sulaymaniyah 46001 Iraq
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Hagag MG, Hemdan AM, Fahmy NM, Abbas SS, Nadim AH. Novel eco-friendly spectrophotometric approaches for resolution of fixed dose formulation of phenylbutazone with minor component of dexamethasone: Greenness assessment by AGREE tool. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 297:122707. [PMID: 37054568 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Spectrophotometric resolution of severely overlapped binary mixtures with minor component is challenging. Herein, coupling of mathematical manipulation steps with sample enrichment was conducted on the binary mixture spectrum of Phenylbutazone (PBZ) and Dexamethasone sodium phosphate (DEX) to resolve, for the first time each component separately. Simultaneous determination of both components in a mixture ratio of 1:0.002 was achieved in their zero or first order spectra by the recent factorized response method along with ratio subtraction and constant multiplication methods; all coupled with spectrum subtraction. In addition, a novel second derivative concentration value and second derivative constant value methods were developed for PBZ determination. The concentration of the minor component DEX was obtained, without preliminary separation steps by derivative ratio after sample enrichment by either spectrum addition or standard addition. Spectrum addition approach showed superior characteristics compared to standard addition technique. All proposed methods were placed through a comparative study. Linear correlation was found to be 1.5-18.0 µg/mL for PBZ, and 4.0-45.0 µg/mL for DEX. The proposed methods were validated in accordance with ICH guidelines. The greenness assessment of the proposed spectrophotometric methods was evaluated by AGREE software. Results obtained from the statistical data were evaluated by comparing to one another as well as the official USP methods. These methods offer a cost and time effective platform to analyze bulk materials and combined veterinary formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud G Hagag
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Hemdan
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Egypt
| | - Nesma M Fahmy
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Egypt
| | - Samah S Abbas
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H Nadim
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt.
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6
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Hagag MG, Hemdan AM, Nadim AH, Abbas SS, Fahmy NM. Spectrum subtraction as a complementary method for six resolution techniques resolving overlapping spectra; application to multicomponent veterinary formulation with greenness and whiteness assessment. BMC Chem 2023; 17:98. [PMID: 37582756 PMCID: PMC10428522 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-023-01009-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Mathematical filtration is an efficient tool to resolve the overlapping spectra of binary mixtures in zero or first order form. Herein, a comparative study was conducted between six economic, accurate and precise spectrophotometric methods for determination of Triclabendazole (TCB) and Levamisole HCl (LVM). Each component was resolved with minimum mathematical steps in its zero-order absorption spectrum by ratio subtraction, constant multiplication, and the recent factorized response method; coupled with spectrum subtraction. In addition, the mixture was resolved in its first derivative form by derivative subtraction, D1 constant multiplication, and the recent D1 factorized response method; coupled with spectrum subtraction. Results obtained were also compared to those obtained from constant value, concentration value, and derivative ratio methods. The linearity range was found to be either 1.0-10.0 µg/mL or 2.0-20.0 µg/mL for TCB, and 2.0-14.0 µg/mL for LVM with LOD of 0.08 µg/mL and 0.19 µg/mL, respectively. Validation of the proposed methods was performed according to VICH guidelines. Results obtained from the statistical data showed no significant difference regarding accuracy and precision compared to the reported methods. The developed spectrophotometric methods followed the principles of green analytical chemistry, in which the green assessment was done through four tools, called, National Environmental Methods Index (NEMI), Analytical Eco-Scale (AES), Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI) and Analytical greenness metric (AGREE). Also, a white assessment was performed using RGB model. The proposed methods could offer an economic alternative for the routine analysis of bulk materials and combined veterinary dosage form.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud G Hagag
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6 October City, 4th Industrial Zone, Banks Court Street, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Hemdan
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6 October City, 4th Industrial Zone, Banks Court Street, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed H Nadim
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, El-Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt.
| | - Samah S Abbas
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, El-Kasr El-Aini Street, Cairo, 11562, Egypt
| | - Nesma M Fahmy
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6 October City, 4th Industrial Zone, Banks Court Street, Giza, Egypt
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7
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Derar AR, Ahmed N, Hussien EM. A new strategy for the determination of the antidiabetics alogliptin, saxagliptin and vildagliptin using all-solid state potentiometric sensors. BMC Chem 2023; 17:79. [PMID: 37455315 DOI: 10.1186/s13065-023-00988-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, we report on the development of disposable screen printed carbon, nanostructure thin film Au/Pt and Pt/Pt all-solid state potentiometric sensors for some antidiabetic compounds called glibtins. The electrodes showed excellent calibration curves (1 × 10-5-1 × 10-2 M) for alogliptin, saxagliptin and vildagliptin. The electrodes were fully characterized with respect to potential stability, dynamic response time, detection limit, effect of pH and interference according to the IUPAC recommendation. The proposed method is rapid and can be applied for the determination of gliptins at low cost with satisfactory precision (RSD ≤ 1%) and accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abeer Rashad Derar
- Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), 9 Abou-Hazem str, P.O Box 29, Giza, Egypt
| | - Neven Ahmed
- Egyptian Drug Authority (EDA), 9 Abou-Hazem str, P.O Box 29, Giza, Egypt
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Magdy G, Al-enna AA, Belal F, El-Domany RA, Abdel-Megied AM. Application of sulfur and nitrogen doped carbon quantum dots as sensitive fluorescent nanosensors for the determination of saxagliptin and gliclazide. ROYAL SOCIETY OPEN SCIENCE 2022; 9:220285. [PMID: 35706663 PMCID: PMC9156930 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.220285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
In this study, highly fluorescent sulfur and nitrogen doped carbon quantum dots (S,N-CQDs) were used as fluorescent nanosensors for direct spectrofluorimetric estimation of each of gliclazide (GLZ) and saxagliptin (SXG) without any pre-derivatization steps for the first time. S,N-CQDs were synthesized employing a simple hydrothermal technique using citric acid and thiosemicarbazide. The produced S,N-CQDs were characterized using different techniques including fluorescence emission spectroscopy, UV spectrophotometry, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy and FT-IR spectroscopy. Following excitation at 360 nm, S,N-CQDs exhibited a strong emission peak at 430 nm. The native fluorescence of S,N-CQDs was quantitatively enhanced by addition of increased concentrations of the studied drugs. The fluorescence enhancement of S,N-CQDs and the concentrations of the studied drugs revealed a wide linear relationship in the range of 30.0-500.0 µM and 75.0-600.0 µM with limits of detection of 5.0 and 10.15 µM for GLZ and SXG, respectively. The proposed method was efficiently used for determination of cited drugs in their commercial tablets with % recoveries ranging from 98.6% to 101.2% and low % relative standard deviation values (less than 2%). The mechanism of interaction between S,N-CQDs and the two drugs was studied. Validation of the proposed method was carried out in accordance with International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galal Magdy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, P.O. Box 33511, Egypt
| | - Amira A. Al-enna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, P.O. Box 33511, Egypt
| | - Fathalla Belal
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, P.O. Box 35516, Egypt
| | - Ramadan A. El-Domany
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, P.O. Box 33511, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M. Abdel-Megied
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, P.O. Box 33511, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Notre Dame of Maryland University, School of Pharmacy, Baltimore, MD 21210, USA
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Fawzy MG, Hassan WE, Mostafa AA, Sayed RA. Different approaches for the assessment of greenness of spectrophotometric methodologies utilized for resolving the spectral overlap of newly approved binary hypoglycemic pharmaceutical mixture. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 272:120998. [PMID: 35182920 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.120998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Simultaneous measurement of saxagliptin hydrochloride (SAG) and dapagliflozin propanediol monohydrate (DAG) in bulk powder, laboratory-prepared mixtures, and pharmaceutical dosage form were applied by utilizing three precise and sensitive spectrophotometric techniques which were developed and validated. The first method was the induced dual-wavelength approach (IDW), which relied primarily on the use of alternative equality factors (F) to abolish the effect of DAG when determining SAG and vice versa. The ratio difference method (RDM) was the second method, which used 25 μg/ml of DAG and 20 μg/ml of SAG as divisors to determine the amplitude difference on the ratio spectrum of SAG and DAG, respectively. SAG was determined at λmax 221 nm after plateau subtraction followed by multiplication by the divisor of DAG 25 μg/ml using the third method, ratio subtraction coupled with extended ratio subtraction method (RSER). Subsequently, using an extension ratio subtraction of the spectra, DAG was determined at λmax 225 nm was determined. The developed methods were effectively used to estimate SAG and DAG in laboratory-prepared mixtures and pharmaceutical dosage forms, with satisfactory recoveries. The methodologies were assessed for their environmental friendliness using the analytical eco-scale, analytical GREEnness calculator, and green analytical procedureindex (GAPI). These methodologies were validated following the International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) requirements. A statistical comparison of the obtained findings to those of the published method revealed no significant differences in precision and accuracy. Because of their high precision and cost-effectiveness, the developed methods can be used in quality control laboratories to determine the binary mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Gamal Fawzy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt
| | - Wafaa Elsayed Hassan
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Alaa Ahmed Mostafa
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City, Cairo 11829, Egypt.
| | - Rania Adel Sayed
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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Gupta D, Bhardwaj S, Sethi S, Pramanik S, Kumar Das D, Kumar R, Pratap Singh P, Kumar Vashistha V. Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of drug components from their dosage formulations. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2022; 270:120819. [PMID: 35033809 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.120819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Spectrophotometry is a quick and reliable method for determining the composition of a variety of complex drug mixtures. Several mathematical models are available for the resolution of complex multicomponent UV spectra. UV spectrophotometric methods have the inherent capacity to resolve the interlaced spectra of complex mixtures quickly and appropriately, particularly for quantitative determination of components of mixture where several costly tools are not available. These methods also have the benefit of lower operational costs as they are operated using lesser amounts of analytical grade solvents and generate less waste. In this review, we discussed the theoretical background of different UV spectrometric methods for quantitative analysis of drug mixtures. The main focus of this review is to describe and report applications of extended Beer's law-based multicomponent analysis and to highlight the recent developments in the simultaneous determination of drug components from their complex mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeksha Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281406, India
| | - Shruti Bhardwaj
- Department of Chemistry, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281406, India
| | - Sonika Sethi
- Department of Chemistry, GD Goenka University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Susmita Pramanik
- Department of Chemistry, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281406, India; Jadavpur University, Calcutta, West Bengal, India
| | - Dipak Kumar Das
- Department of Chemistry, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281406, India
| | - Rajender Kumar
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Science, Central University of Himachal Pradesh, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Prabal Pratap Singh
- Department of Chemistry, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281406, India
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Sensitive and Cost-Effective Boron Doped Diamond and Fe2O3/Chitosan Nanocomposite Modified Glassy Carbon Electrodes for the Trace Level Quantification of Anti-diabetic Dapagliflozin Drug. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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12
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Salem WA, Elkady EF, Fouad MA, Abdul-Azim Mohammad M. Analysis of Metformin and Five Gliptins in Counterfeit Herbal Products: Designs of Experiment Screening and Optimization. J AOAC Int 2021; 104:1667-1680. [PMID: 34410406 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsab106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Drug counterfeiting is a rising problem due to difficulties with identifying counterfeit drugs and the lack of regulations and legislation in developing countries. OBJECTIVE This study aims to develop a robust and economic reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography (LC) method for simultaneously determining metformin HCl, vildagliptin, saxagliptin, alogliptin benzoate, sitagliptin phosphate monohydrate, and linagliptin to target counterfeiting. METHODS Plackett-Burman (PB) and Box-Behnken (BB) designs were used to screen and optimize the mobile phase composition. Chromatographic separation was carried out on an Inertsil® ODS-3 C18 column with isocratic elution mode and the mobile phase was a mixture of acetonitrile-methanol-ammonium formate buffer, pH 3.5 (25:10:65, v/v/v). This method was applied to analyze synthetic drugs in three traditional Chinese and Indian herbal medicines. To identify the adulterants, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), and mass spectrometry (MS) were used on counterfeit herbal medicines. RESULTS The developed method is sensitive, simple, rapid, economical, accurate, and highly robust. Student's t-test and variance ratio (F-test at P < 0.05) were used to compare the results statistically with the reference methods. CONCLUSION The study found that the analyzed herbal medicines were adulterated with metformin and the quantification of anti-diabetic counterfeits was therefore applied. HIGHLIGHTS This study determined counterfeited anti-diabetic drugs in Indian and Chinese traditional herbal medicines(THMs). Design-of-experiment, PB, and BB designs were used. Method validation was also performed in accordance with the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wadhah Atef Salem
- Ministry of Health, Quality Control Department, Supreme Board of Drugs and Medical Appliances, Aden 6022, Yemen
| | - Ehab Farouk Elkady
- Cairo University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Kasr El-Aini St, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Marwa Ahmed Fouad
- Cairo University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Kasr El-Aini St, Cairo 11562, Egypt.,New Giza University, School of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, New Giza, km 22 Cairo-Alexandria Desert Road, Cairo, Egypt
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Ahmed DA, Lotfy HM. Evaluation of in silico and in lab sample enrichment techniques for the assessment of challengeable quaternary combination in critical ratio. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 260:119943. [PMID: 34030038 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2021.119943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Revised: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A comparative study of successive spectrophotometric resolution technique for the simultaneous determination of a challengeable quaternary mixture of Chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM), Pseudoephedrine hydrochloride (PSE), Ibuprofen (IBU) and Caffeine (CAF) is presented, without preliminary physical separation steps. Several successive steps were applied on built-in spectrophotometer software utilizing zero and/or derivative and/or ratio spectra of the studied components. These methods, namely, Dual amplitude difference (DAD) as a novel method, Constant multiplication coupled with spectrum subtraction method (CM-SS), Factorized first derivative coupled with derivative transformation method (FD1 -DT) and Derivative ratio method (DD1). The calibration graphs are linear over the concentration range of 10.0-80.0 μg/mL,150.0-900.0 μg/mL, 200.0-1400.0 μg/mL and 3.0-30.0 μg/mL for CPM, PSE, IBU and CAF, respectively. The specificity of suggested methods was studied via laboratory prepared (diverse ratios) mixtures and were successfully applied for Antiflu® capsules' analysis. Moreover, sample enrichment via In Silico (via software of spectrophotometer) and In Lab (via spiking with pure sample) techniques was elected for a pharmaceutical dosage form analysis comprising CPM and PSE as minor components. Accuracy, precision and specificity were between the valid limits. Validation steps were done in accordance with the ICH guidelines. Moreover, statistical comparison was carried out between the obtained and reported results for pure powder form and no significant difference appeared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dina A Ahmed
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Hayam M Lotfy
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt; Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
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Fahmy NM, Hesham K, Tawakkol SM, AbdelAziz L, Abdelrahman MH. Three Different Approaches Based on Derivative Ratio Spectra for Spectrophotometric Resolution of a Quaternary Mixture in Semisolid Dosage Form. J AOAC Int 2021; 104:1223-1231. [PMID: 33871621 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsab059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 04/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent incorporated spectrophotometer software supporting mathematical methods was considered as an optimum key for the resolution of multicomponent mixtures. OBJECTIVE Several spectrophotometric techniques are introduced for the determination of mixtures of tretinoin (TN), hydroquinone (HQ), and fluocinolone acetonide (FA), in the presence of the preservative methyl paraben (MP), without any separation procedure, taking into consideration the presence of two minor components and the severe overlap of their spectra. METHOD Constant multiplication coupled spectrum subtraction resolved the quaternary mixture into the zero-order absorption spectrum of TN alone and a severely overlapped, ternary mixture of HQ, FA, and MP. Three approaches based on the derivative ratio spectra were applied to resolve this ternary, severely overlapped mixture: derivative ratio-zero-crossing point method, factorized derivative ratio method, and double divisor derivative ratio method. RESULTS The work was conducted over a concentration range of 1-10, 4-38, and 4-35 µg/mL, for TN, HQ, and FA, respectively. The results obtained were compared statistically to each other and to the official methods, showing no significant difference. CONCLUSIONS The proposed methods were successfully applied for the simultaneous determination of the three drugs in the presence of MP in synthetic mixtures and in their combined dosage form (Trimelasma® cream) with very good accuracy and precision. HIGHLIGHTS This was a comparative study between conventional and new methods for resolving ternary, severely overlapped mixtures. Mathematical manipulation steps and enrichment techniques aided accurate quantification of the minor components in mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesma M Fahmy
- Ahram Canadian University, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egypt
| | - Khaled Hesham
- Ahram Canadian University, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egypt
| | - Shereen M Tawakkol
- Ahram Canadian University, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egypt.,Helwan University, Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egypt
| | - Lobna AbdelAziz
- Ain Shams University, Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egypt
| | - Mona H Abdelrahman
- University of Maryland, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, College Park, MD 20742, USA
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15
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Fahmy NM, Michael AM. Comparative Study for the Assay of Plant Derived Chemicals in Pharmaceutical Formulation Using Methods Dependent on Factorized Spectra. J AOAC Int 2021; 104:968-974. [PMID: 33624758 DOI: 10.1093/jaoacint/qsab027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Modern built-in spectrophotometer software supporting mathematical processes provided a solution for increasing selectivity for multicomponent mixtures. OBJECTIVE Simultaneous spectrophotometric determination of the three naturally occurring antioxidants-rutin(RUT), hesperidin(HES), and ascorbic acid(ASC)-in bulk forms and combined pharmaceutical formulation. METHOD This was achieved by factorized zero order method (FZM), factorized derivative method (FD1M), and factorized derivative ratio method (FDRM), coupled with spectrum subtraction(SS). RESULTS Mathematical filtration techniques allowed each component to be obtained separately in either its zero, first, or derivative ratio form, allowing the resolution of spectra typical to the pure components present in Vitamin C Forte® tablets. The proposed methods were applied over a concentration range of 2-50, 2-30, and 10-100 µg/mL for RUT, HES, and ASC, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Recent methods for the analysis of binary mixtures, FZM and FD1M, were successfully applied for the analysis of ternary mixtures and compared to the novel FDRM. All were revealed to be specific and sensitive with successful application on pharmaceutical formulations. Validation parameters were evaluated in accordance with the International Conference on Harmonization guidelines. Statistical results were satisfactory, revealing no significant difference regarding accuracy and precision. HIGHLIGHTS Factorized methods enabled the resolution of spectra identical to those of pure drugs present in mixtures. Overlapped spectra of ternary mixtures could be resolved by spectrum subtraction coupled FDRM (SS-FDRM) or by successive application of FZM and FD1M.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nesma M Fahmy
- Ahram Canadian University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Egypt
| | - Adel M Michael
- Ahram Canadian University, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Egypt
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16
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Abdelwhab NS, Emam AA, Habib NM, Mahmoud HM, Abdelrahman MM. Evaluation of vinburnine in pharmaceuticals by smart spectrophotometric methods; full stability study. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 249:119209. [PMID: 33234476 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.119209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2020] [Revised: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Vinburnine (VNB) is a vinca alkaloid used as a vasodilator to enhance cerebral circulatory insufficiency. It is a cyclic amide containing drug which is expected to be sensitive to hydrolytic degradation. The degradation profile of VNB was studied in this work following ICH recommendations for stability study. The drug was sensitive only to degradation with NaOH with the formation of the carboxylic acid derivative, identified by IR and 1H NMR analyses as 2-((1S,12bS)-1-ethyl-1,2,3,4,6,7,12,12b-octahydroindolo[2,3-a] quinolizin-1-yl) acetic acid, (DEG). In this study five simple, smart and univariate stability indicating spectrophotometric methods were developed and validated for simultaneous determination of VNB and DEG for the first time. The developed methods include; Dual Wavelength Method (DWM), Dual Wavelength Resolution Method (DWRM), Factorized Absorbance Difference Method (FADM), Advanced Absorbance Subtraction Method (AASM), and Derivative Amplitude Factor Method (DAFM). These methods were capable of determination of VNB and DEG over the ranges of 1-30 and 3-50 µg/mL, respectively. The proposed methods were simple, smart, specific, and could be applied for analyzing synthetic mixtures of VNB and DEG and were successfully applied for determination of the drug in commercially available capsules. The obtained results of these methods were statistically compared with the reported HPLC one using student's-t and F- tests, where no significant difference was observed. Validation of the developed methods was applied according to ICH recommendations and all the results were within the acceptable limits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nada S Abdelwhab
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Alshaheed Shehata Ahmed Hegazy St., Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Aml A Emam
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Alshaheed Shehata Ahmed Hegazy St., Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Neven M Habib
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Alshaheed Shehata Ahmed Hegazy St., Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Hamada M Mahmoud
- Zoology Department-Faculty of Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Egypt
| | - Maha M Abdelrahman
- Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Alshaheed Shehata Ahmed Hegazy St., Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
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17
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Omar MA, Ahmed HM, Batakoushy HA, Abdel Hamid MA. Fluorescence spectroscopy for determination of dapagliflozin in pure form and its tablets formulation; Application to content uniformity testing. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 241:118642. [PMID: 32622048 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
A new, valid method was developed for quantitative spectrofluorimetric analysis of dapagliflozin (DGF) in its pure form and its commercially available tablets (Farxiga®). The proposed analytical method based on measurement of fluorescence intensity for DGF at 303 nm after excitation at 278 nm. Various experimental parameters influencing the fluorescence of DGF were examined to produce the optimal conditions. DGF was successively assayed in concentration range of (100-1000 ng mL-1) with lower detection limit (LOD) of 26.49 and quantitation limit (LOQ) was 79.48 ng mL-1. The suggested method was validated according to ICH guidelines for the estimation of DGF in its pure form and its new dosage form with percent recovery of 100.43 ± 1.15. The proposed method was adapted to examine DGF in content uniformity testing according to United States Pharmacopeia guidelines. This method can be used in routine analysis of DGF in quality control lab.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A Omar
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medinah, Saudi Arabia; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Egypt
| | - Hytham M Ahmed
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Egypt.
| | - Hany A Batakoushy
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Egypt.
| | - Mohamed A Abdel Hamid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Egypt
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18
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Lotfy HM, Elshahed MS, Mohamed D. The concept of Relative Absorptivity Distribution for enhancing disbanding power of spectrophotometric technique to resolve co-formulated tablets: A tool for purity index and uniformity assessment. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 239:118551. [PMID: 32502814 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118551] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2020] [Revised: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Resolving the spectral bands of the drugs into their discrete constituents is critical for an effective mathematical spectrophotometric method. The spectral resolution is ordinarily affected by the required application. In the current work an innovative, simple and green Relative Absorptivity Distribution (RAD) concept was established for the successful assay and assessing of content uniformity and purity index of tablet co-formulation which is recommended for lowering the blood glucose level and is comprised of Cangliflozin (CGF) and Metformin CGF and MTF. From the spectrophotometric perspective, the investigation of this combination is challenging as the composition of the tablets is CGF:MTF (1:17), where CGF is not only the minor analyte but also the one of lower absorptivity. The RAD concept is based on the production of master Resolving Spectra (RS). Within the RAD concept and according to the manipulation used for the generation of the RS, three different univariate mathematic methods via spectrophotometer software were developed. The proposed methods are characterized by the ability of extracting the raw spectra of each investigated analyte separately, consequently, enabling each analyte to be determined at its λmax without the contribution of the other. The proposed methods had analyzed CGF in the range 1.0-30.0 μg/mL and MTF within the range 1.0-20.0 μg/mL. The guidelines of the ICH were performed for the complete validation of all methods and the results confirmed satisfactory accuracy, precision and selectivity. The accomplished results together with the simplicity and low-cost of all methods suggested their suitability for the routine quality control analysis of bulk materials, assay of the pharmaceutical formulations and evaluating the content uniformity. Statistical comparison of the results with those of reported HPLC method showed good agreement. In addition, the environmental impact of the proposed methods was assessed by utilizing the National Environmental Methods Index (NEMI), the Analytical Eco-Scale and the Green Analytical Procedure Index (GAPI) where the three tools confirmed the environmentally friendly nature of all proposed methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayam M Lotfy
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Kasr-El Aini Street, 11562 Cairo, Egypt; Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Pharmaceutical Industries, Future University in Egypt, 11835 Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mona S Elshahed
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein-Helwan, 11795 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dalia Mohamed
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Helwan University, Ein-Helwan, 11795 Cairo, Egypt; Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, October University for Modern Sciences and Arts (MSA), 11787 6 October City, Egypt
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19
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Lotfy HM, Fahmy NM. Coupling of liquid-liquid extraction and mathematical filtration techniques for the separation and quantification of five components in semisolid dosage form with severely overlapped spectra. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 235:118299. [PMID: 32276225 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2020] [Revised: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Quadriderm cream was a combination of four components; Clioquinol (CLIO), Betamethasone (BETA), Tolnaftate (TOL), Gentamicin (GEN) in addition to the preservative Chlorocresol (CC). Four components CLIO, TOL, BETA, and CC were extracted in methanol and determined by mathematic filtration spectrophotometric techniques. The partially overlapped spectrum of CLIO was determined by constant value, constant multiplication, and concentration value methods then eliminated via spectrum subtraction (SS) to get the resolved ternary mixture of TOL, BETA, and CC with severely overlapping spectra. TOL was determined by derivative ratio at zero crossing point of BETA using CC as a divisor. While, BETA could be determined using TOL as a divisor at zero crossing of CC. BETA and CC were obtained using novel (DD1FS) followed by SS. By applying these novel procedures, the DD1 spectrum of each component alone was recovered where Pmax-min was directly proportional to its concentration. Liquid-liquid extraction technique was used for the semisolid dosage form where GEN was extracted with a mixture of chloroform: water (50:50, v/v); and the induced fluorescence obtained by derivatization with o-phthalaldehyde was measured at 419 nm after excitation at 359 nm. Accuracy and precision testing of the developed methods showed good results. Specificity of the methods was ensured and was successfully applied for the analysis of pharmaceutical formulation of the five components in combination. ICH guidelines were used for validation of the proposed methods. Statistical data were calculated, and the results were satisfactory revealing no significant difference regarding accuracy and precision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hayam M Lotfy
- Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Egypt; Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Pharmaceutical industries, Future University in Egypt, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nesma M Fahmy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Egypt.
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20
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Ateş AK, Çelikkan H, Erk N. Synthesis of Cysteine Modified MoS
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Nanocomposite: A Biocompatible Electrochemical Sensor Material and its Application to the Determination of Antidiabetic Dapagliflozin. ELECTROANAL 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202000044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Kemal Ateş
- Ankara UniversityFaculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry Ankara Turkey
- Dicle UniversityFaculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry Diyarbakır Turkey
| | - Hüseyin Çelikkan
- Gazi UniversityFaculty of Science, Department of Chemistry Ankara Turkey
| | - Nevin Erk
- Ankara UniversityFaculty of Pharmacy, Department of Analytical Chemistry Ankara Turkey
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21
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Ganorkar SB, Sharma SS, Patil MR, Bobade PS, Dhote AM, Shirkhedkar AA. Pharmaceutical Analytical Profile for Novel SGL-2 Inhibitor: Dapagliflozin. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2020; 51:835-847. [PMID: 32544345 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2020.1777524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Dapagliflozin (DPG) is a novel drug from class of sodium glucose co-transporter 2 (SGL-2) inhibitors which has been evolved as profound treatment option for the type-2diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Considering the severity of the disease the drug is of crucial significance for the therapy and associated research. As a pharmaceutical dosage form DPG has immense importance as an individual drug and with other antidiabetic drugs as combinations. The drugs existing in combination with DPG are Metformin (MET) and Saxagliptin (SXG). The existence of the Dapagliflozin in combinations further created more interest in reviewing its pharmaceutical, analytical and bio-analytical profile. Such estimations are always in need of precise pharmacological and physicochemical information; hence authors have presented it beforehand. Authors hereby wish to present an essential update pertaining to emergence of gliflozins and DPG. The article further presents a simultaneous and comparative assessment of the analytical investigations published in literature for pharmaceutical estimation to assist future analysis. The thorough literature searches revealed fifty three research papers in total till date. A comprehensive presentation of typical; hyphenated and unique methods used for analysis are outlined effectively. The percentile utilization of analytical approaches since appearance of first publication in 2010 is investigated to report trend in determination. The present review explores the pharmaceutical estimation of DPG to scientifically potentiate analytical research and therapeutic future of DPG as a novel SGL-2 Inhibitor antidiabetic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saurabh B Ganorkar
- Central Instruments Facility (CIF), Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India
| | - Shweta S Sharma
- Central Instruments Facility (CIF), Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India
| | - Mangesh R Patil
- Central Instruments Facility (CIF), Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India
| | - Preeti S Bobade
- Department of Quality Assurance, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India
| | - Ashish M Dhote
- Central Instruments Facility (CIF), Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India
| | - Atul A Shirkhedkar
- Central Instruments Facility (CIF), Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, R. C. Patel Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Shirpur, India
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22
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HPTLC-densitometric analysis of selected antidiabetic drugs in presence of their degradation products. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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23
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Omar MA, Abdel Hamid MA, Batakoushy HA, Ahmed HM. Second-derivative synchronous spectrofluorimetric assay of dapagliflozin: Application to stability study and pharmaceutical preparation. LUMINESCENCE 2019; 35:260-265. [PMID: 31733037 DOI: 10.1002/bio.3722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2019] [Revised: 08/01/2019] [Accepted: 08/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
A highly accurate, simple and sensitive spectrofluorimetric analytical method for dapagliflozin (DGF) quantitation was developed. The proposed method was successively applied to DGF analysis in both its pure and pharmaceutical dosage forms. This method was developed to investigate DGF stability in its degradation products, as laid out in International Council for Harmonisation (ICH) rules. Kinetics of alkaline degradation of DGF was also calculated. The half-life time (t1/2 ) of the reaction was 75.32 min. An alkaline degradation pathway was described. The present study involved measurement of the second-derivative synchronous fluorescence intensity of DGF at Δλ = 30 nm. Peak amplitude was measured at 322 nm. Linear range of the calibration curve was 0.1-1.0 μg ml-1 . Lower detection and quantitation limits were 0.023 and 0.071 μg ml-1 , respectively, and indicated good sensitivity of the proposed method. Mean per cent recovery was 99.78 ± 1.78%. The proposed analytical approach was successfully applied to DGF in the quality control laboratory and would be suitable as a stability-indicating assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud A Omar
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Medinah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Minia University, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Abdel Hamid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tanta University, Egypt
| | - Hany A Batakoushy
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Egypt
| | - Hytham M Ahmed
- Pharmaceutical Analysis Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Menoufia University, Egypt
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24
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Al Zakri DJ, Obaydo RH, Sakur AA. New spectral resolution techniques for resolving and determining the components in binary fixed-dose combinations. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02637. [PMID: 31687499 PMCID: PMC6820088 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2019] [Revised: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Four spectrophotometric approaches were performed to determine a binary combination of Phenazone and Benzocaine in pure powder form and in pharmaceutical formations. This investigation submits the application of four techniques contingent on the presence of the extended area of the spectra of one compound in the binary mixture, these methods include Absorptivity Centering (a-centering), Absorbance Subtraction (AS), Amplitude Modulation (AM) and Concentration Value (CV). The linearity range for the above-mentioned approaches was found to be 3.0-15.0 μg/mL for Benzocaine in a-centering method and 3.0-30.0 μg/mL for Benzocaine and Phenazone in other advanced methods. The four techniques were evaluated as per ICH criteria and were successfully utilized for the determination of Phenazone and Benzocaine existing in pharmaceutical formulations. All results gained by the submitted approaches were statistically compared with a previously published method, and no important differences were detected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duaa J. Al Zakri
- Department of Analytical and Food Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Aleppo, Syria
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Obaydo RH, Alhaj Sakur A. Fingerprint Spectrophotometric Methods for the Determination of Co-Formulated Otic Solution of Ciprofloxacin and Fluocinolone Acetonide in Their Challengeable Ratio. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL METHODS IN CHEMISTRY 2019; 2019:8919345. [PMID: 31612094 PMCID: PMC6758403 DOI: 10.1155/2019/8919345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Six spectrophotometric methods were developed to determine a new single-dose otic solution known as "Otovel®," which consists of two components: the major one is ciprofloxacin (CIP) and the minor is fluocinolone acetonide (FLU). The ratio of (CIP) and (FLU) in Otovel® is 12 : 1, which is considered a challengeable ratio for UV determination. Thus, spectrum addition as a sample enrichment technique was required for the analysis of (FLU) low concentration. All these methods were capable of resolving the spectra for each component in D 0 belonging to the fingerprint resolution technique. The former absorptivity centering (a-centering) method was recently developed in 2018; it was effectively applied for its solution of both binary components in Otovel®, while another method, ratio subtraction (RS), is considered as an original resolution method that could be applied to determine only one component in mixtures. However, the other four methods that are related to their original method (RS) were extended ratio subtraction (EXRS), constant multiplication (CM), unified constant subtraction (UCS), and spectrum subtraction (SS). They were also easily applied for completing the quantification of binary mixture drugs present in Otovel®. The linearity ranges were found to be 3.0-15.0 μg/mL for (CIP) and (FLU), respectively. All results acquired from the proposed methods were successfully estimated according to ICH criteria and were statistically compared with official ones where no differences were noticed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem H. Obaydo
- Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria
| | - Amir Alhaj Sakur
- Analytical and Food Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aleppo University, Aleppo, Syria
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