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Hu L, Sun C, Cheng R, Gao X, Zhou J, Wang Y, Jiang R, Zhu X, Liu P, Yan Z. A high-performance fluorescent and ratiometric colorimetric detection of Cu 2+ in practice. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023; 15:4656-4662. [PMID: 37667675 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay01082a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
To monitor Cu2+ efficiently, a kind of D-π-A-π-D conjugated 3,5-di-(2-hydroxyl naphthaldehyde)-iminyl triazole (HNIT) was developed, using triazole as the electron acceptor, 2-hydroxyl naphthaline as the electron donor, and -CN- as the bridging group. The proposed HNIT possessed superior UV-vis and fluorescent spectral property with high molar absorption coefficient of 2.313 × 104 L mol-1 cm-1 and fluorescence quantum yield of 36.2%. Trace Cu2+ could exclusively alter its UV-vis and fluorescent property with clear color change. Under the optimized conditions, a high-performance fluorescent and ratiometric colorimetric detection of Cu2+ based on HNIT was efficient, with low detection limits of 3.3 × 10-8 mol L-1 (S/N = 3) and 9.6 × 10-8 mol L-1 (S/N = 3), respectively. It well satisfied with the safe value of 31.5 μM Cu2+ in drinking water recommended by World Health Organization (WHO). When applied for detection of Cu2+ in real environmental samples, the recovery was in the range of 97.5-105.2%. The recognition mechanism for HNIT to Cu2+ realized quite stable 6-membered rings between electron-deficient Cu2+ and electron-rich N and O atoms in HNIT with 1 : 2 chemical stoichiometry of HNIT to Cu2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China.
| | - Chengjie Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China.
| | - Renxiang Cheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China.
| | - Xinhong Gao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China.
| | - Jiayi Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China.
| | - Ruping Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China.
| | - Xiao Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China.
| | - Peng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China.
| | - Zhengquan Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Catalytic Conversion and Clean Energy in Universities of Shandong Province, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, China.
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Luo F, Zhu M, Liu Y, Sun J, Gao F. Ratiometric and visual determination of copper ions with fluorescent nanohybrids of semiconducting polymer nanoparticles and carbon dots. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 295:122574. [PMID: 36905737 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.122574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/25/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Developing nanohybrid composition based fluorescent carbon dots (CDs) for ratiometric detection of copper ions is highly appealing. Herein, a ratiometric sensing platform (GCDs@RSPN) for copper ions detection has been developed by loaded green fluorescence carbon dots (GCDs) on the surface of red emission semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (RSPN) through electrostatic adsorption. The GCDs, featuring abundant amino groups, can selectively bind copper ions to induce the photoinduced electron transfer, leading to fluorescence quenching. A good linearity within the range of 0-100 μM is obtained, and the limit of detection (LOD) is 0.577 μM by using obtained GCDs@RSPN as ratiometric probe to detect copper ion. Moreover, the paper-based sensor derived from GCDs@RSPN was successfully applied for the visual detection of Cu2+.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabao Luo
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei Normal University, Hefei 230061, China
| | - Mengjun Zhu
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
| | - Yizhang Liu
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China; Department of Food and Environmental Engineering, Chuzhou Polytechnic, Chuzhou 239001, China.
| | - Junyong Sun
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China.
| | - Feng Gao
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Biosensing and Bioimaging, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241002, China
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Yan Z, Wang C, Tang Y, Zhu Y, Cao Q, Yang T, Hu L. π-Conjugated molecules identified for reversible and visual detection of F - in aqueous: Effect of heterocycle unit on sensing performance. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 224:117451. [PMID: 31404759 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To illustrate the impact of molecular structure, especially heterocycle unit, on the sensing performance, two kinds of π-conjugated molecules containing aromatic heterocyclic (Dye 1) and aromatic ring (Dye 2) were identified and compared each other. Even with similar structures, they possessed quite different spectral and colorimetric responses to F-, Cl-, Br-, I-, NO3-, HSO4-, H2PO4-, ClO4- and CH3COO-, etc. The reason might result from the difference in withdraw-electron ability of aromatic and heterocyclic rings, which would lead to different acidity of active H in the target π-conjugated molecules. In acidic aqueous, Dye 1 expressed a reversible ratiometric-colorimetric response to F-, accompanying with a visual color change from bright yellow to purple, a nice linear range of 2.0-35.0 × 10-6 mol/L and a low detection limit of 1.60 × 10-7 mol/L. While Dye 2 did not react with any anion due to its weak acidity of active hydrogen. Under the optimized conditions, Dye 1 was successfully applied for colorimetric or naked-eye detection of F- in environmental water, tea and toothpaste samples with RSD ≤ 3.1%. The recognition mechanism for Dye 1 to F- was confirmed to be deprotonation one with a 1:1 binding stoichiometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengquan Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China.
| | - Cong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Yulian Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Yanjie Zhu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Qianying Cao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Tianran Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China
| | - Lei Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qufu Normal University, Qufu 273165, China.
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Pang J, Shu L, Li M, Hu X. Theoretical insights into a colorimetric azo-based probe to detect copper ions. RSC Adv 2020; 10:23196-23202. [PMID: 35520344 PMCID: PMC9054711 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra02468f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
In the present study, a colorimetric azobenzene-based probe (AZO 1) was reported that exhibits high selectivity toward Cu2+ and undergoes a red to yellow colour change upon its detection. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out to investigate the mechanism of the probe discoloration. The differences in the binding energies of complexes of 2 : 1 and 1 : 1 stoichiometry indicated that a two-step complexation process takes place as the Cu2+ content increases. However, the calculated absorption spectra suggested that a significant colour change would only be observed for the 1 : 1 AZO 1 : Cu2+ complex. A HOMO–LUMO electronic transition was a key factor for the blue shift of the absorption bands of the probe. Further studies indicated that solvent molecules participate in the complexation and that the presence of the o-methoxy group in AZO 1 led to formation of an octahedral complex because of the additional chelating site. A significant change in the conformation of AZO 1, namely the rotation of the N,N-di(carboxymethyl)amino group around the N–CAr bond by approximately 90°, resulted in a larger HOMO–LUMO energy gap, and the corresponding alteration of the intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) from the N,N-di(carboxymethyl)amino group to the phenyl ring led to the observed colour change. DFT calculations indicated that the rotation of the N,N-di(carboxymethyl)amino group around the N–CAr bond by approximately 90°, resulted in a larger HOMO–LUMO energy gap, and led to the observed colour change.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Pang
- College of Material Science and Engineering
- Jinling Institute of Technology
- Nanjing 211169
- People's Republic of China
| | - Li Shu
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering
- Hefei University
- Hefei 230601
- People's Republic of China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Material Science and Engineering
- Jinling Institute of Technology
- Nanjing 211169
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohong Hu
- College of Material Science and Engineering
- Jinling Institute of Technology
- Nanjing 211169
- People's Republic of China
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Yan Z, Yuan H, Zhao Q, Xing L, Zheng X, Wang W, Zhao Y, Yu Y, Hu L, Yao W. Recent developments of nanoenzyme-based colorimetric sensors for heavy metal detection and the interaction mechanism. Analyst 2020; 145:3173-3187. [DOI: 10.1039/d0an00339e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
This work highlights the application and interaction mechanism of metal nanoparticles, metal oxides, metal sulfides, graphene-based nanomaterials and G-quadruplex, etc. in nanoenzyme-based colorimetric sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengquan Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu
- China
| | - Hua Yuan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu
- China
| | - Qi Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu
- China
| | - Lin Xing
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu
- China
| | - Xiaoyu Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu
- China
| | - Weiguo Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu
- China
| | - Yulei Zhao
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu
- China
| | - Yang Yu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu
- China
| | - Lei Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Qufu Normal University
- Qufu
- China
| | - Wenli Yao
- Jiangxi Key laboratory of Power Battery and Material
- Faculty of Materials Metallurgy and Chemistry
- Jiangxi University of Science and Technology
- Ganzhou 341000
- China
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