1
|
Wang X, Gu Y, Lin W, Zhang Q. Rapid quantitative authentication and analysis of camellia oil adulterated with edible oils by electronic nose and FTIR spectroscopy. Curr Res Food Sci 2024; 8:100732. [PMID: 38699681 PMCID: PMC11063990 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2024.100732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Camellia oil, recognized as a high-quality edible oil endorsed by the Food and Agriculture Organization, is confronted with authenticity issues arising from fraudulent adulteration practices. These practices not only pose health risks but also lead to economic losses. This study proposes a novel machine learning framework, referred to as a transformer encoder backbone with a support vector machine regressor (TES), coupled with an electronic nose (E-nose), for detecting varying adulteration levels in camellia oil. Experimental results indicate that the proposed TES model exhibits the best performance in identifying the adulterated concentration of camellia oi, compared with five other machine learning models (the support vector machine, random forest, XGBoost, K-nearest neighbors, and backpropagation neural network). The results obtained by E-nose detection are verified by complementary Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy analysis for identifying functional groups, ensuring accuracy and providing a comprehensive assessment of the types of adulterants. The proposed TES model combined with E-nose offers a rapid, effective, and practical tool for detecting camellia oil adulteration. This technique not only safeguards consumer health and economic interests but also promotes the application of E-nose in market supervision.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoran Wang
- College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Yu Gu
- College of Information Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, 100029, China
- School of Automation, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, 525000, China
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Basic Research in Clinical Applied Biomechanics, China
| | - Weiqi Lin
- Xiamen Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Xiamen, 361004, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Xiamen Products Quality Supervision and Inspection Institute, Xiamen, 361004, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Yang L, Zhang F, Yan Y, Gu X, Zhou S, Su X, Ji B, Zhong H, Dong C. A Comprehensive Analysis to Elucidate the Effects of Spraying Mineral Elements on the Accumulation of Flavonoids in Epimedium sagittatum during the Harvesting Period. Metabolites 2023; 13:metabo13020294. [PMID: 36837913 PMCID: PMC9964673 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The harvesting period is a critical period for the accumulation of flavonoids in the leaves of the important medicinal plant Epimedium sagittatum. In this study, we conducted an experiment on E. sagittatum leaves sprayed with mineral elements with the aim of improving the quality of the herbal leafage during the harvesting period. We elucidated the changes in flavonoids (icariin, epimedin A, epimedin B, and epimedin C) in E. sagittatum leaves. The sum of main flavonoids content reached a maximum (11.74%) at 20 days after the high-concentration Fe2+ (2500 mg·L-1) treatment. We analyzed the FT-IR spectra characteristics of E. sagittatum leaf samples using the FT-IR technique, and constructed an OPLS-DA model and identified characteristic peaks to achieve differentiated identification of E. sagittatum. Further, widely untargeted metabolomic analysis identified different classes of metabolites. As the most important characteristic flavonoids, the relative contents of icariin, icaritin, icariside I, and icariside II were found to be up-regulated by high-Fe2+ treatment. Our experimental results demonstrate that high-concentration Fe2+ treatment is an effective measure to increase the flavonoids content in E. sagittatum leaves during the harvesting period, which can provide a scientific basis for the improvement of E. sagittatum leaf cultivation agronomic measures.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Yang
- Henan Provincial Ecological Planting Engineering Technology Research Center of Daodi Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Centre for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Correspondence: (L.Y.); (C.D.); Tel.: +86-131-8088-3352 (L.Y.); +86-135-9250-8163 (C.D.)
| | - Fei Zhang
- Henan Provincial Ecological Planting Engineering Technology Research Center of Daodi Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Centre for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Yueci Yan
- Henan Provincial Ecological Planting Engineering Technology Research Center of Daodi Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Centre for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xupeng Gu
- Henan Provincial Ecological Planting Engineering Technology Research Center of Daodi Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Centre for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Shengwei Zhou
- Henan Provincial Ecological Planting Engineering Technology Research Center of Daodi Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Centre for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Xiuhong Su
- Henan Provincial Ecological Planting Engineering Technology Research Center of Daodi Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Centre for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Baoyu Ji
- Henan Provincial Ecological Planting Engineering Technology Research Center of Daodi Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Centre for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Hua Zhong
- Rural Agriculture Bureau of Pingyu County, Zhumadian 463499, China
| | - Chengming Dong
- Henan Provincial Ecological Planting Engineering Technology Research Center of Daodi Herbs, School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Co-Construction Collaborative Innovation Centre for Chinese Medicine and Respiratory Diseases by Henan & Education Ministry of PR China, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
- Correspondence: (L.Y.); (C.D.); Tel.: +86-131-8088-3352 (L.Y.); +86-135-9250-8163 (C.D.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Quality control of woody edible oil: The application of fluorescence spectroscopy and the influencing factors of fluorescence. Food Control 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodcont.2022.109275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
|
4
|
Quantitative analysis of blended corn-olive oil based on Raman spectroscopy and one-dimensional convolutional neural network. Food Chem 2022; 385:132655. [PMID: 35279503 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Blended vegetable oil is a vital product in the vegetable oil market, and quantifying high-value vegetable oil is of great significance to protect the rights and interests of consumers. In this study, we established a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D CNN) quantitative identification model based on Raman spectra to identify the amount of olive oil in a corn-olive oil blend. The results show that the 1D CNN model based on 315 extended average Raman spectra can quantitatively identify the content of olive oil, with R2p and RMSEP values of 0.9908 and 0.7183 respectively. Compared with partial least squares regression (PLSR) and support vector regression (SVR), although the index is not optimal, it provides a new analytical method for the quantitative identification of vegetable oil.
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhao XY, Wang J, Yang QS, Fu DL, Jiang DK. A hydrostable samarium(III)-MOF sensor for the sensitive and selective detection of tryptophan based on a "dual antenna effect". ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:3994-4000. [PMID: 34528942 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay01050f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tryptophan (Trp) is one of the essential amino acids, which plays important roles in biological systems and the normal growth of human beings, and it is of great significance to be able to detect Trp in a rapid, efficient, and sensitive way. Herein, a 3D network metal-organic framework ([Sm2(BTEC)1.5(H2O)8]·6H2O) with excellent thermal and water stability was synthesized by a hydrothermal method. Interestingly, it could discriminate Trp from other natural amino acids in aqueous solution through a significant fluorescence enhancement effect, and showed high detection sensitivity (LOD = 330 nM) and outstanding anti-interference ability. The sensor system was successfully applied to the detection of Trp in practical samples, so it was expected to be a sensitive and efficient Trp sensor. In addition, the sensing mechanism was explained in detail by a series of characterization methods combined with density functional theory (DFT). There were many coordination water molecules in the crystal structure of the complex. Based on the small steric hindrance and molecular structure of water molecules, it provided the possibility for coordination interaction between Trp and Sm3+. On the other hand, the triplet energy level (T1) of Trp matched with the 4G5/2 vibrational energy level of Sm3+, so Trp could be used as the second "antenna molecule" besides 1,2,4,5-benzenetetracarboxylic acid (H4BTEC). Therefore, it effectively broadened the way for Sm-MOF to absorb excitation light.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yang Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014000, China.
| | - Jia Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014000, China.
| | - Qi-Shan Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014000, China.
| | - Dong-Lei Fu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014000, China.
| | - Dao-Kuan Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology, Baotou 014000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Composition Profiling and Authenticity Assessment of Camellia Oil Using High Field and Low Field 1H NMR. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26164738. [PMID: 34443325 PMCID: PMC8400449 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26164738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Revised: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 08/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Camellia oil (CA), mainly produced in southern China, has always been called Oriental olive oil (OL) due to its similar physicochemical properties to OL. The high nutritional value and high selling price of CA make mixing it with other low-quality oils prevalent, in order to make huge profits. In this paper, the transverse relaxation time (T2) distribution of different brands of CA and OL, and the variation in transverse relaxation parameters when adulterated with corn oil (CO), were assessed via low field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) imagery. The nutritional compositions of CA and OL and their quality indices were obtained via high field NMR (HF-NMR) spectroscopy. The results show that the fatty acid evaluation indices values, including for squalene, oleic acid, linolenic acid and iodine, were higher in CA than in OL, indicating the nutritional value of CA. The adulterated CA with a content of CO more than 20% can be correctly identified by principal component analysis or partial least squares discriminant analysis, and the blended oils could be successfully classified by orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis, with an accuracy of 100% when the adulteration ratio was above 30%. These results indicate the practicability of LF-NMR in the rapid screening of food authenticity.
Collapse
|
7
|
Mousa MAA, Wang Y, Antora SA, Al-Qurashi AD, Ibrahim OHM, He HJ, Liu S, Kamruzzaman M. An overview of recent advances and applications of FT-IR spectroscopy for quality, authenticity, and adulteration detection in edible oils. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:8009-8027. [PMID: 33977844 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1922872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Authenticity and adulteration detection are primary concerns of various stakeholders, such as researchers, consumers, manufacturers, traders, and regulatory agencies. Traditional approaches for authenticity and adulteration detection in edible oils are time-consuming, complicated, laborious, and expensive; they require technical skills when interpreting the data. Over the last several years, much effort has been spent in academia and industry on developing vibrational spectroscopic techniques for quality, authenticity, and adulteration detection in edible oils. Among them, Fourier transforms infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy has gained enormous attention as a green analytical technique for the rapid monitoring quality of edible oils at all stages of production and for detecting and quantifying adulteration and authenticity in edible oils. The technique has several benefits such as rapid, precise, inexpensive, and multi-analytical; hence, several parameters can be predicted simultaneously from the same spectrum. Associated with chemometrics, the technique has been successfully implemented for the rapid detection of adulteration and authenticity in edible oils. After presenting the fundamentals, the latest research outcomes in the last 10 years on quality, authenticity, and adulteration detection in edible oils using FT-IR spectroscopy will be highlighted and described in this review. Additionally, opportunities, challenges, and future trends of FT-IR spectroscopy will also be discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdi A A Mousa
- Department of Arid Land Agriculture, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Vegetables, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Yangyang Wang
- School of Food Science, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Salma Akter Antora
- Department of Biological Engineering, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri, USA
| | - Adel D Al-Qurashi
- Department of Arid Land Agriculture, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Omer H M Ibrahim
- Department of Arid Land Agriculture, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Ornamental Plants and Landscape Gardening, Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Egypt
| | - Hong-Ju He
- School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shu Liu
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Mohammed Kamruzzaman
- Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Wu X, Zhao Z, Tian R, Niu Y, Gao S, Liu H. Total synchronous fluorescence spectroscopy coupled with deep learning to rapidly identify the authenticity of sesame oil. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2021; 244:118841. [PMID: 32871392 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The quality of sesame oil (SO) has been paid more and more attention. In this study, total synchronous fluorescence (TSyF) spectroscopy and deep neural networks were utilized to identify counterfeit and adulterated sesame oils. Firstly, typical samples including pure SO, counterfeit sesame oil (CSO) and adulterated sesame oil (ASO) were characterized by TSyF spectra. Secondly, three data augmentation methods were selected to increase the number of spectral data and enhance the robustness of the identification model. Then, five deep network architectures, including Simple Recurrent Neural Network (Simple RNN), Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) network, Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) network, Bidirectional LSTM (BLSTM) network and LSTM fortified with Convolutional Neural Network (LSTMC), were designed to identify the CSO and trace the source with 100% accuracy. Finally, ASO samples were also 100% correctly identified by training these network architectures. These results supported the feasibility of the novel method.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xijun Wu
- Measurement Technology & Instrumentation Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Zhilei Zhao
- Measurement Technology & Instrumentation Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China.
| | - Ruiling Tian
- The School of Science, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Yudong Niu
- Measurement Technology & Instrumentation Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Shibo Gao
- Measurement Technology & Instrumentation Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Hailong Liu
- Measurement Technology & Instrumentation Key Laboratory of Hebei Province, Institute of Electrical Engineering, Yanshan University, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| |
Collapse
|