A reversible and efficient probe for dual mode recognition of Al3+ and Cu2+ with logic gate behaviour: Crystal structure, theoretical and in-vivo bio-imaging investigations

Design and application of a highly selective and sensitive fluorescent probe for continuous detection of Cu2+ and GSH with bioimaging

Optimal levels of Cu2+ are essential for the proper functioning of organisms, while excessive quantities lead to significant detrimental effects. In this study, a Schiff base fluorescent probe XSF based on 3-aminobenzo[b]thiophene-2-carboxylate was been successfully designed and synthesized. The synthesis pathway of XSF is highly convenient, enabling the detection of Cu2+ through a dual channel mechanism involving fluorescence quenching and colorimetric response. It exhibits exceptional sensitivity with an extremely low detection limit (2.91 × 10-7 M), rapid response kinetics (less than 10 s), and applicability within a pH range of 3-9. The fluorescence quenching of XSF by Cu2+ was reasonably explained using techniques such as 1H NMR and DFT calculations. In addition, satisfactory recovery rates were achieved in the detection of Cu2+ in actual samples such as drinking water, ginger, and chocolate. The visual detection method was successfully applied to real samples including cellophane noodles and towels, and XSF test papers were prepared, fully demonstrating the potential of XSF for practical testing applications. The XSF-Cu2+ system demonstrates high sensitivity in the detection of GSH (LOD = 8.73 × 10-7 M) and exhibits a remarkable enhancement in fluorescence response. XSF has successfully demonstrated its application in the detection of Cu2+ and GSH within cells, thus highlighting its potential as a promising tool in the field of biology.

Development of a Coumarin-Based Schiff Base Fluorescent Probe and its Application in Detection of Cu²⁺

A highly practical Schiff base fluorescent probe, (E)-3-amino-N'-((7-(diethylamino)-2-oxo-2 H-chromen-3-yl)methylene)thiophene-2-carbohydrazide (M), with a facile synthetic route has been successfully developed. M has been utilized for the specific detection of Cu2+ in THF/H2O Tris buffer solution (v/v = 9:1, 0.01 M, pH = 7.4) via the fluorescence quenching mechanism. The detection of Cu2+ by M has been largely unaffected by interfering ions and has demonstrated a distinct dual-channel response in both colorimetry and fluorescence. The response time of M towards Cu2+ is remarkably fast, taking only 30 s. Additionally, M exhibits exceptional sensitivity with a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 1.76 × 10- 7 M. The stoichiometric ratio between M and Cu2+ has been determined to be 1:1 through Job's Plot, while the binding constant has been calculated as 1.19 × 104 M- 1 using the Benesi-Hildebrand equation. The structure of M has been elucidated by 1H NMR and ESI-MS analyses, thereby confirming the binding mode between M and Cu2+. Further validation has been achieved through DFT calculations. The test paper based on M has finally been prepared for the rapid and convenient detection of Cu2+. The M has also been utilized for the detection of Cu2+ in real samples, including lake water, onions, and coffee, demonstrating favorable recovery rates. Moreover, successful visual detection has been achieved in food samples such as bean sprouts and rice. The aforementioned examples have collectively illustrated the practical applicability of M in authentic samples.

A novel isophorone-based NIR fluorescent and colormetric probe for Al3+ sensing and its application for living cells and plants imaging

In this paper, an isophorone-based NIR fluorescent and colormetric probe BDDH for Al3+ was synthesized and characterized, it showed highly selectivity and sensitivity through significant fluorescence enhancement and visible color change towards Al3+. The job plot confirmed that the binding ratio of BDDH with Al3+ was 1:1. Furthermore, the limit of detection (LOD) of Al3+ was determined to be 4.01 × 10-8 M. Moreover, BDDH was successfully applicated in identification of Al3+ in the different water samples, cell imaging in alive MCF-7 cells and plant imaging in soybean roots.

Diethylaminophenol appended pyrimidine bis hydrazone for the sequential detection of Al3+ and PPi ions

In this study, a novel easy-to-prepare diethylaminophenol appended pyrimidine bis hydrazone (HD) has been designed and developed. The probe exhibits excellent sequential sensing characteristics towards Al3+ and PPi ions. The emission studies, various spectroscopic techniques and lifetime results have been utilized to understand the binding mechanism of HD with Al3+ ions and, to discover the specificity as well as the efficacy of the probe in sensing Al3+ ions. The good association constant in addition to the lower detection limit values makes the probe effective for the detection of Al3+. The in-situ produced HD-Al3+ ensemble could consecutively detect PPi via a turn-off fluorescence response and the selectivity and sensitivity characteristics of the generated ensemble towards PPi were described based on the demetallation approach. The overall sensing property of HD was perfectly employed for constructing logic gates, real water, and tablet applications. Paper strips, as well as cotton-swab experiments, were also conducted inorder to check the practical utility of the synthesized probe.

A pyridine modified naphthol hydrazone Schiff base chemosensor for Al3+ via intramolecular charge transfer process

A pyridine modified naphthol hydrazone Schiff base chemosensor, NaPy, was prepared in a two-step process to detect aluminum ion (Al3+) in different samples. The probe shows a turn-off emission response towards Al3+ at a 1:1 binding stoichiometry via intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) mechanism, as validated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations and a series of spectroscopic measurements. The response time is slightly over one minute with a limit of detection (LOD) value of 0.164 µM, demonstrating the great sensitivity of the probe. It is also found that NaPy exhibits high selectivity towards Al3+ and resists interference from seventeen other cations. Application investigations in paper strips, water samples and HeLa cells suggest that NaPy can be used as an efficient probe for sensing Al3+ in real environmental samples and biosystems.

Biphenyl Containing Amido Schiff base Derivative as a Turn-on Fluorescent Chemosensor for Al3+ and Zn2+ ions

A hydrazine derived Bis(2-hydroxybenzylidene)-[1,1'-biphenyl]-2,2'-dicarbohydrazide (sensor 1) has been synthesized and its sensing properties towards metal ions has been demonstrated using simple UV-visble spectroscopic, fluorometric technique and visible colour change. The...