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Yao G, Sun J, Miao S, Wang Y, Gao F. Ratiometric visualization of lysosomal pH fluctuations during autophagy by two-photon carbonized polymer dots-based probe. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1271:341448. [PMID: 37328244 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Monitoring the pH variation in lysosomes is very conducive to studying the autophagy process, and fluorescent ratiometric pH nanoprobes with inherent lysosome targeting ability are highly desirable. Here, a carbonized polymer dots-based pH probe (oAB-CPDs) was developed by self-condensation of o-aminobenzaldehyde and further carbonization at low temperature. The obtained oAB-CPDs display improved performance in pH sensing, including robust photostability, intrinsic lysosome-targeting ability, self-referenced ratiometric response, desirable two-photon-sensitized fluorescence property, and high selectivity. With the suitable pKa value of 5.89, the as-prepared nanoprobe was successfully applied to monitor the variation of lysosomal pH in HeLa cells. Moreover, the occurrence that lysosomal pH decreased during both starvation-induced and rapamycin-induced autophagy was observed by using oAB-CPDs as fluorescence probe. We believe that nanoprobe oAB-CPDs can work as a useful tool for visualizing autophagy in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genxiu Yao
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Optical Probes and Bioelectrocatalysis (LOPAB), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, PR China
| | - Junyong Sun
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Optical Probes and Bioelectrocatalysis (LOPAB), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, PR China.
| | - Shan Miao
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Optical Probes and Bioelectrocatalysis (LOPAB), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, PR China
| | - Yue Wang
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Optical Probes and Bioelectrocatalysis (LOPAB), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, PR China
| | - Feng Gao
- Laboratory of Functionalized Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, Laboratory of Optical Probes and Bioelectrocatalysis (LOPAB), College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, 241002, PR China.
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Yan B. Lanthanide Functionalized Covalent Organic Frameworks Hybrid Materials for Luminescence Responsive Chemical Sensing. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301108. [PMID: 37254951 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) possess several unique features of structural and functional chemistry, together with other modular photophysical performance, which make them candidates for luminescence responsive chemical sensing. Lanthanide (Ln3+ ) functionalized COFs hybrid materials still keep the parent COFs' virtues and also embody the abundant multiple luminescence response with both COFs and Ln3+ ions or other guest species. In this review, the summary is highlighted on the lanthanide functionalized COFs hybrid materials and their relevant systems for luminescence responsive chemical sensing. It is subdivided into five sections involving the three main topics. Firstly, the basic knowledges of COFs materials related to the luminescence responsive chemical sensing are introduced (including three sections), involving the chemistry, application and post-synthetic modification (PSM) of COFs, the luminescence and luminescence responsive chemical sensing, and the luminescence responsive chemical sensing of non-lanthanide functionalized COFs hybrids materials. Secondly, the systematic progresses are outlined on the lanthanide functionalized COFs hybrid materials in luminescence responsive chemical sensing, which is the emphasis for this review. Finally, the conclusion and prospect are given.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Yan
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Siping Road 1239, Shanghai, 200092, China
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Skorjanc T, Shetty D, Kumar S, Makuc D, Mali G, Volavšek J, Bergant Marušič M, Valant M. Nitroreductase-sensitive fluorescent covalent organic framework for tumor hypoxia imaging in cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:5753-5756. [PMID: 37092976 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc01110k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been used in cell imaging, but very rarely for imaging specific cell conditions. Herein, a β-ketoenamine-based fluorescent COF was post-synthetically modified to incorporate a hypoxia-targeting molecule. Fluorescence microscopy imaging shows that the material discriminates between HeLa cells grown under hypoxia and those cultured under normoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tina Skorjanc
- The Materials Research Laboratory, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 11c, Ajdovscina 5270, Slovenia.
| | - Dinesh Shetty
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
- Advanced Materials Chemistry Center (AMCC), Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sushil Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Khalifa University, P.O. Box 127788, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.
| | - Damjan Makuc
- Slovenian NMR Centre, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Gregor Mali
- Slovenian NMR Centre, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Janez Volavšek
- Slovenian NMR Centre, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana 1000, Slovenia
| | - Martina Bergant Marušič
- The Laboratory for Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 13, Nova Gorica 5000, Slovenia
| | - Matjaz Valant
- The Materials Research Laboratory, University of Nova Gorica, Vipavska 11c, Ajdovscina 5270, Slovenia.
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Pooresmaeil M, Namazi H. Development of the new pH-driven carrier from alginate/carboxymethyl starch bio-coated co-drugs@COF-OH for controlled and concomitant colon cancer treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 239:124322. [PMID: 37019202 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
To develop a new more efficient colon cancer treatment bio-vehicle, in frontier research, for the first time, an attempt has been made to design a unique colon-targeted bio-carrier containing polysaccharides along with nanoporous materials. So, at first, an imine-based covalent organic framework (COF-OH) with respectively an average pore diameter and surface area at 8.5058 nm and 208.29 m2·g-1 was fabricated. In the next step, about 41.68 % and 95.8 % of 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) and curcumin (CUR) respectively were loaded on COF-OH, and 5-Fu + CUR@COF-OH was achieved. Due to the higher rate of drug releases in simulated stomach media, 5-Fu + CUR@COF-OH was coated with a mixture of alginate (Alg) and carboxymethyl starch (CMS) via the ionic crosslinking (Alg/CMS@(5-Fu + CUR@COF-OH)). Findings displayed that the use of polysaccharide coat reduce the drug releases in simulated gastric and improved it in simulated intestinal and colonic fluids. The beads swelled about 93.33 % under simulated gastrointestinal conditions, but this value was found higher in the simulated colonic environment and reached 326.67 %. The hemolysis rate lower than 5 %, as well as the cell viability higher than 80 %, were the main showing signs of system biocompatibility. Altogether, the results of the preliminary investigations can highlight the potential of the Alg/CMS@(5-Fu + CUR@COF-OH) for colon-specific drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malihe Pooresmaeil
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Organic and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hassan Namazi
- Polymer Research Laboratory, Department of Organic and Biochemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran; Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology, Biomedicine Institute, Tabriz University of Medical Science, Tabriz, Iran.
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Fernandes NB, Nayak Y, Garg S, Nayak UY. Multifunctional engineered mesoporous silica/inorganic material hybrid nanoparticles: Theranostic perspectives. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Dutta B, Halder S. Schiff base compounds as fluorimetric pH sensor: a review. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:2132-2146. [PMID: 35638380 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay00552b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
With the recent progress of biological and environmental research, detection of pH values has become one of the most indispensable requirements. To determine the pH values of a certain medium, organic Schiff base compounds and their derivatives have been observed to play pivotal roles because of their smooth synthetic roots, easily tuneable structural architecture, non-destructive signals of emission, visually differentiable colour generation and capability of real sample analysis. Therefore with the revolutionary upgradation of wavelength radiometric techniques, the construction of molecular structures which can exhibit dual emission and absorption characteristics and which can be regulated by the change in pH values, has been a stimulating challenge. Generally a pH sensor molecule has a chromophoric or fluorophoric portion. Normally heteroatoms attached to these chromophore units either get protonated or deprotonated in acidic or basic media which gives rise to changes in absorption and emission properties of the molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Basudeb Dutta
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur, West Bengal 741246, India
| | - Shibashis Halder
- Department of Chemistry, Tej Narayan Banaili College, Bhagalpur, Bihar 812007, India.
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