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Li F, Dong PZ, Sun SK, Zhai SM, Zhao BX, Lin ZM. A near-infrared fluorescent probe for simultaneous detection of pH and viscosity. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 318:124486. [PMID: 38788506 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2024] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
In this work, we developed a ratiometric fluorescent probe (NT) based on ICT framework in near-infrared (NIR) which could detect pH and viscosity simultaneously. Long emission wavelength in NIR could protect the probe from interference of background fluorescence and improve the accuracy of the test. Due to the presence of thiazole-salt, the probe possessed good water solubility and could respond immediately to pH in water system. The pH values measured by NT in the actual samples were not much different from that measured by the pH meter, therefore, NT could give excellent accuracy. NT realized the reversible detection of pH by protonation and deprotonation. NT was used successfully to detect the pH of actual water samples, human serum and meat, as well as the viscosity variation caused by thickeners. Additionally, NT could monitor the changes of pH and viscosity in living cells. Therefore, the novel probe exhibited potential application in the fields of the environment, human health and food safety evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Li
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Pei-Zhen Dong
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Shou-Kang Sun
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Shu-Mei Zhai
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Bao-Xiang Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China.
| | - Zhao-Min Lin
- Institute of Medical Sciences, The Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250033, PR China.
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Li Y, Wang Y, Li Y, Shi W, Yan J. Construction and evaluation of near-infrared fluorescent probes for imaging lipid droplet and lysosomal viscosity. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 316:124356. [PMID: 38678840 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Microenvironmental viscosity is a crucial parameter for biological systems, and its abnormal fluctuations are closely associated with various functional disorders and diseases. However, it is still important and urgent to develop improved near-infrared fluorescent probes for micro-viscosity with dual-organelle targeting properties, low background noise, and high sensitivity. Herein, two BODIPY-based small-molecule fluorescent probes were designed and synthesized, which were explored for their viscosity- and polarity-responsive properties, and were further applied to imaging sub-cellular viscosity in living cells. Interestingly, BSZ-Ph and BSZ-R displayed near-infrared fluorescence (more than 650 nm) and were sensitive to environmental viscosity and polarity due to the introduction of a benzothiazole at the 2-position and electron-rich aniline groups at the 5-position of the BODIPY core, respectively. The fluorescence intensity increased exponentially with the viscosity changes. Furthermore, the probe BSZ-Ph could successfully target lipid droplets and image cellular viscosity changes by treating lipopolysaccharides (LPS) and nystatin. Comparatively, the probe BSZ-R could successfully target the dual organelles of lipid droplets and lysosomes and image cellular viscosity changes by treating LPS and monensin. Therefore, in this work, we reported two new BODIPY-based near-infrared fluorescent probes, BSZ-Ph and BSZ-R, for cellular viscosity imaging, which could target lipid droplets and the dual organelles of lysosomes and lipid droplets, respectively. The study could provide a reference for the future development of fluorescent probes for viscosity in lipid droplets and lysosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Li
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory On Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yuxuan Wang
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory On Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China
| | - Yanping Li
- School of Medicine, Foshan University, Foshan 528225, PR China.
| | - Wenjing Shi
- Center for Advanced Analytical Science, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials and Devices, Guangdong Engineering Technology Research Center for Photoelectric Sensing Materials and Devices, C/o School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
| | - Jinwu Yan
- MOE International Joint Research Laboratory On Synthetic Biology and Medicines, School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, PR China.
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Wu XT, Zheng YY, Ma SS, Ai SH, Zhou QW, Yang D, Ma C. Synthesis, optical properties, and application of novel chalcone skeleton as pH fluorescent probe: Based AIE + ESIPT strategy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 314:124199. [PMID: 38555822 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
A series of "turn off" pH fluorescence probes with chalcone skeleton for basic system have been developed. The molecules emitted bright yellow fluorescence under acidic condition, resulting AIE coupled ESIPT characteristic and ICT process. What's more, the compounds exhibited excellent sensitivity and selectivity for detecting pH as a facile "On-Off" fluorescence probe, and the fluorescence of them were quenched with the ESIPT process interrupted under alkaline condition. Theoretical calculation for the related compounds also performed to verify the electron effect on photophysical properties and confirm the rational speculation on the mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Tian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Ying-Ying Zheng
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Shan-Shan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China
| | - Shu-Heng Ai
- Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterials and Technology in Universities of Shandong, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, PR China
| | - Qi-Wang Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterials and Technology in Universities of Shandong, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, PR China
| | - Di Yang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Nanomaterials and Technology in Universities of Shandong, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi 276000, PR China.
| | - Chen Ma
- Key Laboratory of Special Functional Aggregated Materials, Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, PR China.
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Zhang T, Huang Y, Chen X, Zheng F, Shen Y, Chen G, Ye Q, Chen K, Xiao X, Peng Y. Tetraphenylethylene-based AIE nanoprobes for labeling lysosome by two-photon imaging in living cells. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 306:123630. [PMID: 37948932 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomes are essential cellular organelles, serving vital functions in cellular metabolism and degradation. The design of specifically targeting lysosomes probes with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) characteristics using two-photon excitation techniques is significance and challenging work. Here we designed and synthesized two tetraphenylethylene (TPE)-based AIE fluorescence probes, naming TPE-Ma and TPE-Py, with TPE as the matrix and morpholine (Ma) or pyrrolidone (Py) as the targeting group. These probes exhibit a significant Stokes shift, low cytotoxicity, two-photo fluorescence imaging and lysosome-specific targeting capability ensuring their suitability for fluorescence imaging applications. To enhance the water solubility and cellular accumulation of TPE-Ma and TPE-Py in tumor cells, we employed a biocompatible polymer 1,2-distearoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-[methoxy(polyethylene glycol)-2000] (DSPE-mPEG2000) as a nanocarrier. By encapsulating TPE-Ma and TPE-Py within DSPE-mPEG2000, we successfully developed two AIE fluorescent nanoprobes known as DSPE@ TPE-Ma and DSPE@ TPE-Py. The results demonstrated that fluorescent nanoprobes DSPE@ TPE-Ma and DSPE@ TPE-Py possess excellent cell permeability, biocompatibility, superior photostability and specific targeting towards lysosomes in MCF-7 cells. Our findings highlight the potential of these fluorescent nanoprobes as effective tools for two-photon fluorescence imaging and targeted detection of lysosomes in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Zhang
- College of Chemistry & Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yan Huang
- College of Chemistry & Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiuqin Chen
- College of Chemistry & Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fangmei Zheng
- College of Chemistry & Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yating Shen
- College of Chemistry & Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Guizhi Chen
- College of Chemistry & Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Qiuhao Ye
- College of Chemistry & Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Kuizhi Chen
- College of Chemistry & Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiufeng Xiao
- College of Chemistry & Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Yiru Peng
- College of Chemistry & Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China.
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Lu S, Dai Z, Cui Y, Kong DM. Recent Development of Advanced Fluorescent Molecular Probes for Organelle-Targeted Cell Imaging. BIOSENSORS 2023; 13:360. [PMID: 36979572 PMCID: PMC10046058 DOI: 10.3390/bios13030360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescent molecular probes are very powerful tools that have been generally applied in cell imaging in the research fields of biology, pathology, pharmacology, biochemistry, and medical science. In the last couple of decades, numerous molecular probes endowed with high specificity to particular organelles have been designed to illustrate intracellular images in more detail at the subcellular level. Nowadays, the development of cell biology has enabled the investigation process to go deeply into cells, even at the molecular level. Therefore, probes that can sketch a particular organelle's location while responding to certain parameters to evaluate intracellular bioprocesses are under urgent demand. It is significant to understand the basic ideas of organelle properties, as well as the vital substances related to each unique organelle, for the design of probes with high specificity and efficiency. In this review, we summarize representative multifunctional fluorescent molecular probes developed in the last decade. We focus on probes that can specially target nuclei, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulums, and lysosomes. In each section, we first briefly introduce the significance and properties of different organelles. We then discuss how probes are designed to make them highly organelle-specific. Finally, we also consider how probes are constructed to endow them with additional functions to recognize particular physical/chemical signals of targeted organelles. Moreover, a perspective on the challenges in future applications of highly specific molecular probes in cell imaging is also proposed. We hope that this review can provide researchers with additional conceptual information about developing probes for cell imaging, assisting scientists interested in molecular biology, cell biology, and biochemistry to accelerate their scientific studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Zhiqi Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yunxi Cui
- College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - De-Ming Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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Aggregation-Induced emission photosensitizer with lysosomal response for photodynamic therapy against cancer. Bioorg Chem 2023; 132:106349. [PMID: 36716644 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Photosensitizers play a key role in bioimaging and photodynamic therapy (PDT) of cancer. However, conventional photosensitizers usually do not achieve the desired efficacy in PDT due to their poor photostability, targeting ability, and responsiveness. Herein, we designed a series of photosensitizers with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) effect using benzothiazole- triphenylamine (BZT-triphenylamine) as the parent nucleus. The synthesized compound SIN ((E)-2-(4-(diphenylamino)styryl)-3-(4-iodobutyl)benzo[d]thiazol-3-ium) exhibits good biocompatibility, photostability, and bright emission in the near-infrared range (600-800 nm). The fluorescence emission intensity is responsive to viscosity, with significant fluorescence enhancement (48 times) and high fluorescence quantum yield (4.45 %) at high viscosity. Moreover, SIN has particular lysosome targeting properties with a Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) of 0.97 and has good 1O2 generation ability under white light irradiation, especially in a weak acidic environment. Thus, SIN can realize good bioimaging ability and photodynamic therapeutic efficacy under the highly viscous and weakly acidic environment of lysosomes in the tumor cells. This study indicates that SIN has potential as a multifunctional organic photosensitizer for bioimaging and PDT of tumor.
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Xu L, Zhang T, Huang B, Zheng F, Huang Y, Li Y, Peng Y, Chen L. Chlorophenyl thiophene silicon phthalocyanine: Synthesis, two-photon bioimaging-guided lysosome target, and in vitro photodynamic efficacy. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1168393. [PMID: 37124212 PMCID: PMC10133558 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1168393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of efficient photosensitizers with high singlet oxygen quantum yield, strong fluorescent emission, excellent photostability, and specific organelle targeting is in great demand for the enhancement of PDT treatment efficiency. This study designed and synthesized a new two-photon photosensitizer chlorophenyl thiophene axially substituted silicon (IV) phthalocyanine (CBT-SiPc). CBT-SiPc showed specific targeting of lysosomes in living cells and good biocompatibility. Furthermore, high 1O2 generation efficiency and high PDT efficiency in MCF-7 breast cancers under irradiation were also demonstrated. The novel CBT-SiPc showed great potential in the application of lysosome-targeted and two-photon bioimaging-guided photodynamic cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Xu
- College of Chemistry and Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Tiantian Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bingcheng Huang
- College of Chemistry and Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Fangmei Zheng
- College of Chemistry and Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
| | | | - Yuyang Li
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yiru Peng
- College of Chemistry and Materials, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials Oriented Chemical Engineering, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, Fujian Normal University, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yiru Peng, ; Linying Chen,
| | - Linying Chen
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- *Correspondence: Yiru Peng, ; Linying Chen,
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