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Hamidi M, Sohrabi MR, Tehrani MS, Mortazavi Nik S. Continuous wavelet transform and integration of discrete wavelet transform with principal component analysis and fuzzy inference system for the simultaneous determination of ethinyl estradiol and drospirenone in combined oral contraceptives. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 320:124541. [PMID: 38850817 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
In this study, the spectrophotometric method integrated with continuous wavelet transform (CWT) and coupled discrete wavelet transform (DWT) with fuzzy inference system (FIS) was developed for the simultaneous determination of ethinyl estradiol (EE) and drospirenone (DP) in combined oral contraceptives (COCs). The CWT approach was performed in the linearity range of 0.6-6 µg/mL for EE and 0.9 to 18 µg/mL for DP. Biorthogonal with an order of 1.3 (bior1.3) at a wavelength of 216 nm and Daubechies with an order of 2 (db2) at a wavelength of 278 nm were selected as the best wavelet families for obtaining the best zero crossing point for EE and DP, respectively. The limit of detection (LOD) of 0.7677 and 0.3222 µg/mL and the limit of quantification (LOQ) of 2.326 and 0.9765 µg/mL were obtained for EE and DP, respectively. The mean recovery of 103.24% and 99.77%, as well as root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.1896 and 0.1969, were found for EE and DP, respectively. In the DWT, the absorption of the mixtures was decomposed using different wavelets named db4, db2, Symlet2 (sym2), and bior1.3. Each of the wavelet outputs was dimension reduced by the principal component analysis (PCA) method and considered as FIS input. The wavelet of db4 with the coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.9979, RMSE of 0.0968, and mean recovery of 100.63% was chosen as the best one for the EE, while bior1.3 with R2 of 0.9955, RMSE of 0.4055, and mean recovery of 101.93% was selected for DP. These methods were successfully used to analyze the EE and DP simultaneously in tablet pharmaceutical formulation without any separation step. The suggested methods were compared with a reference method (HPLC) using analysis of variance (ANOVA) at a 95% confidence level, and no significant difference was observed in terms of accuracy. The suggested chemometric methods are reliable, rapid, and inexpensive, and can be used as an environmentally friendly alternative to HPLC for the simultaneous estimation of the mentioned drugs in commercial pharmaceutical products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahsa Hamidi
- Department of Chemistry, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Reza Sohrabi
- Department of Chemistry, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mandana Saber Tehrani
- Department of Chemistry, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeed Mortazavi Nik
- Department of Chemistry, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
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El-Shafie AS, Rahman E, GadelHak Y, Mahmoud R, El-Azazy M. Techno-economic assessment of waste mandarin biochar as a green adsorbent for binary dye wastewater effluents of methylene blue and basic fuchsin: Lab- and large-scale investigations. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 306:123621. [PMID: 37950932 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/13/2023]
Abstract
Treating polluted wastewater effluents on a large-scale requires the development of high performance and cost-effective adsorbents. The recycling of waste mandarin peels, an environmentally friendly, and copiously available waste biomass into biochar (MRBC), has been approached. In the context of finding affordable and effective solutions for depollution of wastewater, MRBC was used for the adsorption of two dyes: methylene blue (MB) as well as basic fuchsin (BF) from their individual solutions and binary combinations. Batch adsorption studies were performed by employing the Box-Behnken (BB) design. The adsorption competency of dyes was analyzed to find the percentage removal (%R) and the adsorption capacity (qe, mg/g). The dependent parameters (qe and %R) were determined as a function of pH, dose of MRBC (AD), contact time (CT), and concentration of methylene blue [MB]/ basic fuchsin [BF]. Removal of 98.14% of MB and 83.18% of BF was successfully achieved. Equilibrium experiments depicted that Langmuir and Freundlich models suit adsorption of dyes. The maximum adsorption capacity (qmax) was 99.11 (MB) and 78.01 mg/g (BF), individually. However, when the dyes are combined, the qmax decreased to 57.09 and 68.52 mg/g for MB and BF, correspondingly. The cost of MRBC was estimated to be ∼ 4 USD/kg, while the overall cost of wastewater treatment was estimated to be 1.06 USD/m3/year.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed S El-Shafie
- Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Evana Rahman
- Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar
| | - Yasser GadelHak
- Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Faculty of Postgraduate Studies for Advanced Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62511, Egypt
| | - Rehab Mahmoud
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Marwa El-Azazy
- Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
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Cho BG, Lee KY, Mun SB, Lim CR, Yun YS, Cho CW. Adsorptive removal of micropollutants by natural and faujasite zeolites: Structural effect of micropollutants on adsorption. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 270:115869. [PMID: 38141338 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 12/16/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
To effectively characterize natural zeolite powder (ZP) and faujasite zeolite (FAU) as adsorbents to remove a wide variety of organic micropollutants, quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models for the adsorption of zeolites were developed. For this purpose, batch isotherms were performed to measure the adsorption affinity (Kd) between zeolite and organic micropollutants, and the measured Kd values were used as a dependent variable in the QSAR modeling. In the modeling, the concept of a linear free energy relationship (LFER) was employed and used either empirically measured or in silico calculated descriptors. Modeling results based on empirical descriptors showed that log Kd values for ZP could be predicted with R2 = 0.949 and standard error (SE) = 0.137 log units, and for FAU, R2 = 0.895 and SE = 0.144 log units. A test set was used to validate the models developed by the training set. The predictabilities of the models for the test set were R2 = 0.907 and SE = 0.209 log units for ZP and R2 = 0.784 and SE = 0.236 log units for FAU, indicating that the models have reasonable robustness and predictability. Also, we showed that in silico-based descriptors could be applied to the prediction. These findings may help determine the general coverage of ZP and FAU zeolites and identify suitable applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Gyeon Cho
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro 77, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwan-Yong Lee
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro 77, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Se-Been Mun
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro 77, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Che-Ryung Lim
- School of Chemical Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Beakje-dearo 567, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeoung-Sang Yun
- School of Chemical Engineering, Jeonbuk National University, Beakje-dearo 567, Deokjin-gu, Jeonju, Jeonbuk 561-756, Republic of Korea.
| | - Chul-Woong Cho
- Department of Integrative Food, Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chonnam National University, Yongbong-ro 77, Buk-gu, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea; Department of Bioenergy Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Republic of Korea.
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Wei S, Kamali AR. Green conversion of waste PET into magnetic Ni 0·4Fe 2·6O 4/(Fe,Ni)@carbon nanostructure for adsorption and separation of dyes from aqueous media. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 342:140172. [PMID: 37714476 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
A nanostructured core-shell composite (Ni0·4Fe2·6O4/(Fe,Ni)@carbon, NFC) comprising magnetic nano-cores encapsulated with graphitic shells (≈80 wt%) is prepared by facile and clean mechanochemical-molten salt processing approach using waste PET; providing a specific surface area of 201.9 m2 g-1, well-developed mesopores, and ferromagnetic behavior characterized by the coercivity value of 149 Oe. NFC is utilized as a high-performance adsorbent for the removal of organic dyes from their aqueous solutions. Moreover, the magnetic performance of NFC enables the facile collection of the exhausted adsorbent out of the purified water. Performances of NFC for the removal of crystal violet dye (CV), methyl orange (MO) and rhodamine B (Rh B) from their aqueous solutions are systematically investigated under different environmental conditions including the adsorbent dosage and dye concentration, as well as the solution pH and temperature, where an impressive CV removal capacity of 201.6-243.8 mg g-1 is recorded for a wide pH range of 2-10. Mechanism and kinetics involved in the adsorption process are investigated by studying the adsorption isotherms and thermodynamics. The dye adsorption of the nanocomposite material is confirmed to follow the pseudo-second-order kinetic model combined with the Langmuir isotherm model, exhibiting an excellent spontaneous and exothermic monolayer adsorption capacity of around 153 mg g-1 (for MO) for the fresh adsorbent and around 89 mg g-1 after three adsorption-regeneration cycles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuhui Wei
- Energy and Environmental Materials Research Centre (E(2)MC), School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China
| | - Ali Reza Kamali
- Energy and Environmental Materials Research Centre (E(2)MC), School of Metallurgy, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China.
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Hapiz A, Jawad AH, Wilson LD, ALOthman ZA, Abdulhameed AS, Algburi S. Optimization and mechanistic approach for removal of crystal violet and methylene blue dyes via activated carbon from pyrolyzed-ZnCl 2 bamboo waste. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2023; 26:579-593. [PMID: 37740456 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2023.2256412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
In this study, bamboo waste (BW) was subjected to pyrolysis-assisted ZnCl2 activation to produce mesoporous activated carbon (BW-AC), which was then evaluated for its ability to remove cationic dyes, specifically methylene blue (MB) and crystal violet (CV), from aqueous environments. The properties of BW-AC were characterized using various techniques, including potentiometric-based point of zero charge (pHpzc), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-rays (SEM-EDX), X-ray diffraction (XRD), gas adsorption with Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) analysis, infrared (IR) spectroscopy. To optimize the adsorption characteristics (BW-AC dosage, pH, and contact time) of PBW, a Box-Behnken design (BBD) was employed. The BW-AC dose of 0.05 g, solution pH of 10, and time of 8 min are identified as optimal operational conditions for achieving maximum CV (89.8%) and MB (96.3%) adsorption according to the BBD model. The dye removal kinetics for CV and MB are described by the pseudo-second-order model. The dye adsorption isotherms revealed that adsorption of CV and MB onto BW-AC follow the Freundlich model. The maximum dye adsorption capacities (qmax) of BW-AC for CV (530 mg/g) and MB (520 mg/g) are favorable, along with the thermodynamics of the adsorption process, which is characterized as endothermic and spontaneous. The adsorption mechanism of CV and MB dyes by BW-AC was attributed to multiple contributions: hydrogen bonding, electrostatic forces, π-π attraction, and pore filling. The findings of this study highlight the potential of BW-AC as an effective adsorbent in wastewater treatment applications, contributing to the overall goal of mitigating the environmental impact of cationic dyes and ensuring the quality of water resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Hapiz
- Advanced Biomaterials and Carbon Development Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Ali H Jawad
- Advanced Biomaterials and Carbon Development Research Group, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Lee D Wilson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Zeid A ALOthman
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Saud Abdulhameed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, University of Anbar, Ramadi, Iraq
| | - Sameer Algburi
- College of Engineering Technology, Al-Kitab University, Kirkuk, Iraq
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