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Altaf C, Colak TO, Karagoz E, Kurt M, Sankir ND, Sankir M. A Review of the Recent Advances in Composite Membranes for Hydrogen Generation Technologies. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:23138-23154. [PMID: 38854521 PMCID: PMC11154723 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c00152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Keeping global warming at 2 degrees and below as stated in the "Paris Climate Agreement" and minimizing emissions can only be achieved by establishing a hydrogen (H2) ecosystem. Therefore, H2 technologies stand out in terms of accomplishing zero net emissions. Although H2 is the most abundant element in the known universe, molecular H2 is very rare in nature and must be produced. In H2 production, reforming natural gas and renewable hydrogen processes using electrolyzers comes to the fore. The key to all these technologies is to enhance production speed, performance, and system lifetime. At this point, composite membranes used in both processes come to the fore. This review article summarizes composite membrane technologies used in methane, ethanol, and biomass steam reforming processes, proton exchange membranes, alkaline water electrolysis, and hybrid sulfur cycle. In addition to these common H2 production technologies at large quantities, the innovative systems developed with solar energy integration for H2 generation were linked to composite membrane utilization. This study aimed to draw attention to the importance of composite membranes in H2 production. It aims to prepare a guiding summary for those working on membranes by combining the latest and cutting-edge studies on this subject.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cigdem
Tuc Altaf
- Micro
and Nanotechnology Graduate Program, TOBB
University of Economics and Technology, Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Tuluhan Olcayto Colak
- Micro
and Nanotechnology Graduate Program, TOBB
University of Economics and Technology, Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Emine Karagoz
- Micro
and Nanotechnology Graduate Program, TOBB
University of Economics and Technology, Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Kurt
- Micro
and Nanotechnology Graduate Program, TOBB
University of Economics and Technology, Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Nurdan Demirci Sankir
- Micro
and Nanotechnology Graduate Program, TOBB
University of Economics and Technology, Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
- Department
of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Mehmet Sankir
- Micro
and Nanotechnology Graduate Program, TOBB
University of Economics and Technology, Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
- Department
of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering, TOBB University of Economics and Technology, Sogutozu Caddesi No 43 Sogutozu, 06560 Ankara, Turkey
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2
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Henkensmeier D, Cho WC, Jannasch P, Stojadinovic J, Li Q, Aili D, Jensen JO. Separators and Membranes for Advanced Alkaline Water Electrolysis. Chem Rev 2024; 124:6393-6443. [PMID: 38669641 PMCID: PMC11117188 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Traditionally, alkaline water electrolysis (AWE) uses diaphragms to separate anode and cathode and is operated with 5-7 M KOH feed solutions. The ban of asbestos diaphragms led to the development of polymeric diaphragms, which are now the state of the art material. A promising alternative is the ion solvating membrane. Recent developments show that high conductivities can also be obtained in 1 M KOH. A third technology is based on anion exchange membranes (AEM); because these systems use 0-1 M KOH feed solutions to balance the trade-off between conductivity and the AEM's lifetime in alkaline environment, it makes sense to treat them separately as AEM WE. However, the lifetime of AEM increased strongly over the last 10 years, and some electrode-related issues like oxidation of the ionomer binder at the anode can be mitigated by using KOH feed solutions. Therefore, AWE and AEM WE may get more similar in the future, and this review focuses on the developments in polymeric diaphragms, ion solvating membranes, and AEM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dirk Henkensmeier
- Hydrogen
· Fuel Cell Research Center, Korea
Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- Division
of Energy & Environment Technology, KIST School, University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792, Republic of Korea
- KU-KIST
Green School, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Won-Chul Cho
- Department
of Future Energy Convergence, Seoul National
University of Science & Technology, 232 Gongreung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Korea
| | - Patric Jannasch
- Polymer
& Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Qingfeng Li
- Department
of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical
University of Denmark (DTU), Fysikvej 310, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - David Aili
- Department
of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical
University of Denmark (DTU), Fysikvej 310, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Jens Oluf Jensen
- Department
of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical
University of Denmark (DTU), Fysikvej 310, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
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3
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Yu J, Zhu Q, Ma W, Dai Y, Zhang S, Wang F, Zhu H. Hydrophilic Chitosan-Doped Composite Diaphragm Reducing Gas Permeation for Alkaline Water Electrolysis Producing Hydrogen. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:1394-1403. [PMID: 38157839 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c13426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
The present paper studied the chitosan-doped composite diaphragm by the phase exchange method with the objective of developing a composite diaphragm that complies with the alkaline water electrolysis requirements, as well as tested the electrolytic performance of the diaphragm in alkaline water electrolysis. The structure and morphology are characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The performance of chitosan-doped composite diaphragms was tested; CS3Z12 composite diaphragm with a low area resistance (0.20 Ω cm2), a high bubble point pressure (2.75 bar), and excellent electrochemical performance (current density of 650 mA cm-2 at 1.83 V) shows the best performance. Moreover, the performance of the synthesized composite diaphragm is significantly elevated compared to commercial diaphragms (Zirfon PERL), which is promising for practical application in alkaline electrolytic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Modern Catalysis, Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Qingqing Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Modern Catalysis, Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Wenli Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Modern Catalysis, Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yajie Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Modern Catalysis, Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Shuhuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Modern Catalysis, Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Fanghui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Modern Catalysis, Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Hong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering, Institute of Modern Catalysis, Department of Organic Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
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4
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Zhang W, Liu M, Gu X, Shi Y, Deng Z, Cai N. Water Electrolysis toward Elevated Temperature: Advances, Challenges and Frontiers. Chem Rev 2023. [PMID: 36749705 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Since severe global warming and related climate issues have been caused by the extensive utilization of fossil fuels, the vigorous development of renewable resources is needed, and transformation into stable chemical energy is required to overcome the detriment of their fluctuations as energy sources. As an environmentally friendly and efficient energy carrier, hydrogen can be employed in various industries and produced directly by renewable energy (called green hydrogen). Nevertheless, large-scale green hydrogen production by water electrolysis is prohibited by its uncompetitive cost caused by a high specific energy demand and electricity expenses, which can be overcome by enhancing the corresponding thermodynamics and kinetics at elevated working temperatures. In the present review, the effects of temperature variation are primarily introduced from the perspective of electrolysis cells. Following an increasing order of working temperature, multidimensional evaluations considering materials and structures, performance, degradation mechanisms and mitigation strategies as well as electrolysis in stacks and systems are presented based on elevated temperature alkaline electrolysis cells and polymer electrolyte membrane electrolysis cells (ET-AECs and ET-PEMECs), elevated temperature ionic conductors (ET-ICs), protonic ceramic electrolysis cells (PCECs) and solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Weizhe Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China.,Beijing Institute of Smart Energy, Changping District, Beijing 102209, China
| | - Menghua Liu
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China.,Beijing Institute of Smart Energy, Changping District, Beijing 102209, China
| | - Xin Gu
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yixiang Shi
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China.,Beijing Institute of Smart Energy, Changping District, Beijing 102209, China
| | - Zhanfeng Deng
- Beijing Institute of Smart Energy, Changping District, Beijing 102209, China
| | - Ningsheng Cai
- Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Energy and Power Engineering, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
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Shah SSA, Khan NA, Imran M, Rashid M, Tufail MK, Rehman AU, Balkourani G, Sohail M, Najam T, Tsiakaras P. Recent Advances in Transition Metal Tellurides (TMTs) and Phosphides (TMPs) for Hydrogen Evolution Electrocatalysis. MEMBRANES 2023; 13:113. [PMID: 36676920 PMCID: PMC9863077 DOI: 10.3390/membranes13010113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) is a developing and promising technology to deliver clean energy using renewable sources. Presently, electrocatalytic water (H2O) splitting is one of the low-cost, affordable, and reliable industrial-scale effective hydrogen (H2) production methods. Nevertheless, the most active platinum (Pt) metal-based catalysts for the HER are subject to high cost and substandard stability. Therefore, a highly efficient, low-cost, and stable HER electrocatalyst is urgently desired to substitute Pt-based catalysts. Due to their low cost, outstanding stability, low overpotential, strong electronic interactions, excellent conductivity, more active sites, and abundance, transition metal tellurides (TMTs) and transition metal phosphides (TMPs) have emerged as promising electrocatalysts. This brief review focuses on the progress made over the past decade in the use of TMTs and TMPs for efficient green hydrogen production. Combining experimental and theoretical results, a detailed summary of their development is described. This review article aspires to provide the state-of-the-art guidelines and strategies for the design and development of new highly performing electrocatalysts for the upcoming energy conversion and storage electrochemical technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Shoaib Ahmad Shah
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Naseem Ahmad Khan
- Institute of Chemistry, the Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Institute of Chemistry, the Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Rashid
- Institute of Chemistry, the Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | | | - Aziz ur Rehman
- Institute of Chemistry, the Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Georgia Balkourani
- Laboratory of Alternative Energy Conversion Systems, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Thessaly, Pedion Areos, 38834 Volos, Greece
| | - Manzar Sohail
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, National University of Sciences and Technology, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
| | - Tayyaba Najam
- Institute of Chemistry, the Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur 63100, Pakistan
| | - Panagiotis Tsiakaras
- Laboratory of Alternative Energy Conversion Systems, Department of Mechanical Engineering, School of Engineering, University of Thessaly, Pedion Areos, 38834 Volos, Greece
- Laboratory of Electrochemical Devices Based on Solid Oxide Proton Electrolytes, Institute of High Temperature Electrochemistry, RAS, 20 Akademicheskaya Str., Yekaterinburg 620990, Russia
- Laboratory of Materials and Devices for Electrochemical Power Engineering, Institute of Chemical Engineering, Ural Federal University, 19 Mira Str., Yekaterinburg 620002, Russia
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6
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Yin Y, Ying Y, Liu G, Chen H, Fan J, Li Z, Wang C, Guo Z, Zeng G. High Proton-Conductive and Temperature-Tolerant PVC-P4VP Membranes towards Medium-Temperature Water Electrolysis. MEMBRANES 2022; 12:membranes12040363. [PMID: 35448332 PMCID: PMC9027779 DOI: 10.3390/membranes12040363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 03/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Water electrolysis (WE) is a highly promising approach to producing clean hydrogen. Medium-temperature WE (100–350 °C) can improve the energy efficiency and utilize the low-grade water vapor. Therefore, a high-temperature proton-conductive membrane is desirable to realize the medium-temperature WE. Here, we present a polyvinyl chloride (PVC)-poly(4vinylpyridine) (P4VP) hybrid membrane by a simple cross-linking of PVC and P4VP. The pyridine groups of P4VP promote the loading rate of phosphoric acid, which delivers the proton conductivity of the PVC-P4VP membrane. The optimized PVC-P4VP membrane with a 1:2 content ratio offers the maximum proton conductivity of 4.3 × 10−2 S cm−1 at 180 °C and a reliable conductivity stability in 200 h at 160 °C. The PVC-P4VP membrane electrode is covered by an IrO2 anode, and a Pt/C cathode delivers not only the high water electrolytic reactivity at 100–180 °C but also the stable WE stability at 180 °C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichen Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.Y.); (G.L.); (H.C.); (J.F.); (Z.L.); (C.W.); (Z.G.)
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yiming Ying
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.Y.); (G.L.); (H.C.); (J.F.); (Z.L.); (C.W.); (Z.G.)
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Guojuan Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.Y.); (G.L.); (H.C.); (J.F.); (Z.L.); (C.W.); (Z.G.)
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huiling Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.Y.); (G.L.); (H.C.); (J.F.); (Z.L.); (C.W.); (Z.G.)
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingrui Fan
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.Y.); (G.L.); (H.C.); (J.F.); (Z.L.); (C.W.); (Z.G.)
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhi Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.Y.); (G.L.); (H.C.); (J.F.); (Z.L.); (C.W.); (Z.G.)
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Chuhao Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.Y.); (G.L.); (H.C.); (J.F.); (Z.L.); (C.W.); (Z.G.)
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Zhuangyan Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.Y.); (G.L.); (H.C.); (J.F.); (Z.L.); (C.W.); (Z.G.)
- School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China
| | - Gaofeng Zeng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Low-Carbon Conversion Science and Engineering, Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201210, China; (Y.Y.); (Y.Y.); (G.L.); (H.C.); (J.F.); (Z.L.); (C.W.); (Z.G.)
- School of Chemical Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Correspondence:
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7
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Ali MF, Lee HI, Bernäcker CI, Weißgärber T, Lee S, Kim SK, Cho WC. Zirconia Toughened Alumina-Based Separator Membrane for Advanced Alkaline Water Electrolyzer. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:1173. [PMID: 35335503 PMCID: PMC8951763 DOI: 10.3390/polym14061173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Revised: 03/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogen is nowadays considered a favorable and attractive energy carrier fuel to replace other fuels that cause global warming problems. Water electrolysis has attracted the attention of researchers to produce green hydrogen mainly for the accumulation of renewable energy. Hydrogen can be safely used as a bridge to successfully connect the energy demand and supply divisions. An alkaline water electrolysis system owing to its low cost can efficiently use renewable energy sources on large scale. Normally organic/inorganic composite porous separator membranes have been employed as a membrane for alkaline water electrolyzers. However, the separator membranes exhibit high ionic resistance and low gas resistance values, resulting in lower efficiency and raised safety issues as well. Here, in this study, we report that zirconia toughened alumina (ZTA)-based separator membrane exhibits less ohmic resistance 0.15 Ω·cm2 and low hydrogen gas permeability 10.7 × 10-12 mol cm-1 s-1 bar-1 in 30 wt.% KOH solution, which outperforms the commercial, state-of-the-art Zirfon® PERL separator. The cell containing ZTA and advanced catalysts exhibit an excellent performance of 2.1 V at 2000 mA/cm2 at 30 wt.% KOH and 80 °C, which is comparable with PEM electrolysis. These improved results show that AWEs equipped with ZTA separators could be superior in performance to PEM electrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Farjad Ali
- Department of Advanced Energy and System Engineering, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113, Korea;
- Hydrogen Research Department, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Korea; (H.I.L.); (S.L.); (S.-K.K.)
| | - Hae In Lee
- Hydrogen Research Department, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Korea; (H.I.L.); (S.L.); (S.-K.K.)
| | - Christian Immanuel Bernäcker
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM, Branch Lab Dresden, Winterbergstraße 28, 01277 Dresden, Germany; (C.I.B.); (T.W.)
| | - Thomas Weißgärber
- Fraunhofer Institute for Manufacturing Technology and Advanced Materials IFAM, Branch Lab Dresden, Winterbergstraße 28, 01277 Dresden, Germany; (C.I.B.); (T.W.)
| | - Sechan Lee
- Hydrogen Research Department, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Korea; (H.I.L.); (S.L.); (S.-K.K.)
| | - Sang-Kyung Kim
- Hydrogen Research Department, Korea Institute of Energy Research (KIER), 152 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34129, Korea; (H.I.L.); (S.L.); (S.-K.K.)
| | - Won-Chul Cho
- Department of Future Energy Convergence, Seoul National University of Science & Technology, 232 Gongreung-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul 01811, Korea
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8
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Recent Developments on Hydrogen Production Technologies: State-of-the-Art Review with a Focus on Green-Electrolysis. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/app112311363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Growing human activity has led to a critical rise in global energy consumption; since the current main sources of energy production are still fossil fuels, this is an industry linked to the generation of harmful byproducts that contribute to environmental deterioration and climate change. One pivotal element with the potential to take over fossil fuels as a global energy vector is renewable hydrogen; but, for this to happen, reliable solutions must be developed for its carbon-free production. The objective of this study was to perform a comprehensive review on several hydrogen production technologies, mainly focusing on water splitting by green-electrolysis, integrated on hydrogen’s value chain. The review further deepened into three leading electrolysis methods, depending on the type of electrolyzer used—alkaline, proton-exchange membrane, and solid oxide—assessing their characteristics, advantages, and disadvantages. Based on the conclusions of this study, further developments in applications like the efficient production of renewable hydrogen will require the consideration of other types of electrolysis (like microbial cells), other sets of materials such as in anion-exchange membrane water electrolysis, and even the use of artificial intelligence and neural networks to help design, plan, and control the operation of these new types of systems.
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9
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Saranga VK, Kumar PK, Verma K, Bhagawan D, Himabindu V, Narasu ML. Effect of Biohythane Production from Distillery Spent Wash with Addition of Landfill Leachate and Sewage Wastewater. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2019; 190:30-43. [PMID: 31297754 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-019-03087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Rapid development of the industrial and domestic sectors has led to the rise of several energy and environmental issues. In accordance with sustainable development and waste minimization issues, biohydrogen production along with biomethane production via two-stage fermentation process using microorganisms from renewable sources has received considerable attention. In the present study, biohythane production with simultaneous wastewater treatment was studied in a two-stage (Biohydrogen and Biomethane) fermentation process under anaerobic conditions. Optimization of high organic content (COD) distillery spent wash effluent (DSPW) with dilution using sewage wastewater was carried out. Addition of leachate as a nutrient source was also studied for effective biohythane production. The experimental results showed that the maximum biohythane production at optimized concentration (substrate concentration of 60 g/L with 30% of leachate as a nutrient source) was 67 mmol/L bio-H2 and with bio-CH4 production of 42 mmol/L. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vijaya Krishna Saranga
- Centre for Biotechnology, Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500085, India
| | - P Kiran Kumar
- Centre for Alternative Energy Options, Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500085, India
| | - Kavita Verma
- Centre for Alternative Energy Options, Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500085, India
| | - D Bhagawan
- Centre for Alternative Energy Options, Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500085, India
| | - V Himabindu
- Centre for Alternative Energy Options, Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500085, India.
| | - M Lakshmi Narasu
- Centre for Biotechnology, Institute of Science and Technology, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University Hyderabad, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500085, India
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